GB2165796A - Toggle lever drive in material processing apparatus - Google Patents
Toggle lever drive in material processing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2165796A GB2165796A GB08524476A GB8524476A GB2165796A GB 2165796 A GB2165796 A GB 2165796A GB 08524476 A GB08524476 A GB 08524476A GB 8524476 A GB8524476 A GB 8524476A GB 2165796 A GB2165796 A GB 2165796A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cross
- members
- toggle lever
- drive
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
- B26D5/18—Toggle-link means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/30—Moulds
- B29C51/38—Opening, closing or clamping means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
- F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
- F16H21/44—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Material processing apparatus, such as a sheet moulding machine, Figure 2, or a sheet packaging, or a punching machine, comprises two relatively movable elements (7, 9 and 8, 10) co-operable to process material and a respective toggle lever drive to displace either or each such element. The or each toggle lever drive comprises two cross-members (16, 23) which are relatively movable towards and away from each other and toggle lever linkages (17, 18; 21, 22) to translate relative movement of the cross-members, via pivotally connected links (17, 18), into displacement of the associated one of the material processing elements. Guide rods (25) are fixed to a first one (23) of the cross-members and slidably engaged in the second member (16) thereby to resist relative rotation of the members. Mounted on the guide rods (25) is a rotary motor (27) which is drivingly coupled by a crank drive (28, 29) and connecting rod (30) to the second cross-member (16). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Working element drive in material processing apparatus
The present invention relates to material processing apparatus, such as a moulding or punching machine, and has particular reference to working element drive in such apparatus.
A drive device in the form of a toggle lever drive for a mould closing unit of an injection moulding machine is disclosed in DE-PS 11 16 386. In DE-AS 17 79 901 there is disclosed a drive device for the movement of the moulding table of a thermal moulding machine, the device being arranged in the moulding station. Hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders are used for drive of the toggle levers. Inexpensive pneumatic cylinders have proved suitable in thermal moulding machines and packaging machines. For many years such toggle lever drives including pneumatic cylinders have been incorporated in plastics material deforming and packaging machines.Such a drive is designated in the following for the sake of simplicity as a selfsupporting toggle lever drive and has the advantages of a high closing force, no lateral loading of guides, a construction permitting the entire station, at which it is mounted, to be displaced relative to the machine frame, since it does not stand in connection with this, and a simple construction allowing economic manufacture.
This form of drive does, however, have certain disadvantages. For example, on opening, strong shocks occur in the lower end position and a braking of the masses disposed in full travel requires hydraulic shock absorbers, which at high cyclic rates would have to be large is size due to heating, which is expensive. A relatively high energy consumption is involved, since compressed air is used for both movements, although a movement due to its own weight could take place in one direction.
Moreover, the pneumatic movement entails a limitation of the maximum possible cyclic rate because of the maximum flow speed of the compressed air.
The course of movement is also dependent on fluctuating air pressure and thereby not constant.
This is disturbing particularly in the moulding station, since different deformation conditions are then present and have a negative influence on the uniformity of the product. In the case of punching stations, a high punching impact and thereby a high noise pressure level occurs. This is due to the fact that a lower air pressure is needed for the closing of the punching station than for the punching. This higher pressure builds up slowly after the closing of the punching station and the punchingout of moulded articles takes place suddenly thereafter. Such punching impacts can be eliminated only with an appreciable effort. Although the first to the fourth of the mentioned disadvantages could be influenced by the use of hydraulic cylinders, a hydraulic system with valves and cylinders is relatively expensive.In addition, it does not permit high cyclic rates, due to the relatively slow movements.
It would thus be desirable to avoid the aforesaid disadvantages, while retaining the previously stated advantages.
According to the present invention there is provided material processing apparatus comprising two relatively movable material processing elements co-operable to process material received therebetween and a respective displacing drive to displace either or each of the elements to produce relative movement of the elements, the or each drive comprising two cross-members relatively movable towards and away from each other, toggle lever means to translate said relative movement of the cross-members into displacement of the associated one of the elements, guide rods fixed to one of the cross-members and guided in the other cross-member to permit said relative movement of the members but to resist relative rotation thereof, and a motor mounted on the guide rods and drivingly coupled by a crank drive and connecting rod to said other cross-member.
In a preferred embodiment it is advantageous that the use of a motor, which actuates a closing toggle lever by way of a crank rocker, achieves a particularly soft arrival in the extended position of the toggle lever, since the crank drive moves into an extended position. On the opening of the material processing elements, a soft braking is provided on arrival at the end position, since the crank rocker now passes into a reversal position with a sinusoidal coiurse of movement. Through this course of movement by way of the crank rocker, a high closing force is achieved, which is constrainedly guided so that it does not cause an uncontrolled punching and thereby a high punching impact. Shocks during opening are thus avoided by the course of movement of the crank drive.
Through the arrangement of the motor on guide rods, which extend between the two cross-members, at which toggle lever pairs are arranged, the entire toggle lever drive is of simple construction and cheap to manufacture, so that there is little difference in terms of manufacturing price compared to a drive with a pneumatic cylinder but a significant energy saving is achieved, because an electrical motor uses only the energy it actually needs for opening and closing. Moreover, the closing position can be set exactly through simple displacement of the motor on the rods so that the toggle lever is always exactly straight in the closing position. The drive by way of motor offers a constantly repeating course of movement and the stroke speed and thereby the cyclic rate can be set through appropriate choice of the output rotational speed of the motor.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be more particularly described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic side view of first apparatus embodying the invention, the apparatus serving for deforming a band of thermoplastic plastics material;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a moulding station of the apparatus of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a punching station of the apparatus of Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a schematic side view of second apparatus embodying the invention, the apparatus serving for deformation of a band of thermoplastic plastics material into packages;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a transverse cutting station of the apparatus of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a partly sectioned side view of a toggle lever drive in the apparatus of Figure 1;;
Figure 7 is a plan view of the toggle lever drive of Figure 6; and
Figure 8 is a sectional view of a modification of part of the toggle lever drive.
Referring now to the drawings, there is shown in
Figure 1 apparatus for the deformation of a band of thermoplastic plastics material, the apparatus comprising a frame 1, a roll receptacle 2, a cyclically driven transport 3, a heater 4, a moulding station 5 and a punching station 6. In the illustrated embodiment, two movable tables - a lower table 7 and an upper table 8 - are arranged for the reception of tool halves 9 and 10 in the moulding station 5. Containers 12 are shaped by means of differential pressure from a cyclically moved, heated film web 11 and are severed from the web 11 in the punching station 6. Whether two movable tables 7 and 8 are present, or only one movable table, in the moulding station 5 depends on the kind of the deformation and the structure of the part to be moulded.
The construction of the moulding station 5 is shown in, in particular Figure 2. The upper table 9 and lower table 10 are guided on two guide columns 13, which are rigidly mounted in two crossbridges 14 and 15. A respective self-supporting toggle lever drive, the construction of which is evident from Figures 6 and 7, is mounted between the cross bridge 15 and upper table 8 and between the crossbridge 14 and lower table 7.
Two short straps 18 are connected at an axis 20 to the lower table 7 and similar straps 17 are connected at an axis 19 to the crossbridge 14. The straps are also connected to a crossbeam 16 at an axis 53. At the axes 19 and 20, long straps 21 and 22 are also connected and these lead to a crossbeam 23, to which they are rotatably connected at spigots 24.
Two guide rods 25, which serve for the guidance of the crossbeam 16, are fastened to the crossbeam 23; rotation of the two crossbeams 16 and 23 is prevented in simple manner by this connection. Arranged at the rods 25 is an adjustable plate 26 on which a motor 27 is mounted. The motor 27 actuates the toggle lever drive by way of a crank drive consisting of crank 28 and crank pin 29, and pushrod 30 which at its remote end is rotatably connected to the crossbeam 16 at an axis 31. In closed setting, the straps 17, 18, 21 and 22 form a triangle, i.e. the straps 17 and 18 form a straight line.
The drive of the upper table 8 can take place in analogous manner by a toggle lever drive acting between the upper table 8 and the cross-bridge 15.
The punching station 6 (Figure 3) following the
moulding station 5 is, for example, a steel strip
punch with movable upper table 32. Guide columns 34 are fastened in a frame 31 with a rigid
lower table 37 and are connected by a bridge 35. A steep strip punching tool 36 for punching-out of
containers 12 is fastened to the upper table 32. The toggle lever drive is mounted in analogous manner
between the upper table 32 and bridge 35. The
punching station can also be designed for fallthrough cuts. An analogous movement of the lower table 37 can be provided.
Since the spacing between the moulding station 5 and punching station 6 is preferably settable according to the spacing of the containers 12, the punching station is constructed either to be drivable as an individual unit or else to be displaceably mounted on longitudinal guides in the moulding machine.
Apparatus for the deformation of a band of thermoplastic plastics material into packages is illustrated in Figures 4 and 5. This consists of a packaging station 38 and a longitudinal and transverse cutting station 39. The station 38 is composed of a frame 40, a heater 41, two clamping frames 42 and 43 and a vertically movable moulding table 44. Packaging bodies 46, which are arranged as multiple useful parts on a carton 45, are laid on the moulding table 44 and packaged with vacuum in a known manner by film. The deformed band of contiguous packings is cut longitudinally by a longitudinal cutter 47 in the downstream longitudinal and transverse cutting station 38. A transverse cutter 48 carries out different transverse cuts and, by means of a clamping device (not shown), takes over the transport of the deformed band.For this purpose, the entire transverse cutter 48 is displaceable by way of a chain drive 49 on guides 52.
The severed packages 51 lie on a transport belt 50.
A cross-sectional view of the transverse cutter 48 is shown in Figure 5. Vertical guide columns 55 run in a rigid crossbridge 54, which rests on the guides 52, and are connected above and below to carriers 56 and 57. A transverse cutting blade 58, which cooperates with a locally fixed lower blade 59, is fastened to the upper carrier 57. The toggle lever drive is mounted between the crossbridge 54 and the lower carrier 56 so that a stroke movement of the carrier 57 takes place by way of the guide columns 55. The parts of the toggle lever drive in Figure 5 are designated by the same reference numerals as the corresponding parts in Figures 6 and 7.
If the self-supporting toggle lever drive is incorporated in a punching station, then the motor 27 in operation runs through about one revolution and then stops. The exact end position in the opened setting usually does not matter.
It is different when the toggle lever drive is incorporated into a moulding station. Then, a rest period, during which the moulding of the parts to be manufactured takes place, occurs in the closed setting of the moulding tools. This means that the motor 27 must stop fairly exactly so that the end position (closed setting) is consistently the same.
The use of a braking motor as the motor 27 may then be advantageous. Additionally, as shown in
Figure 8, a resilient element can be built into the pushrod in order to compensate for slight inaccuracies. In that case, the pushrod is divided into a rod 60 and a sleeve 61. A spring 62 provides the force transmission and serves for compensation for small tolerances.
Of course, other motorised drives with exact stopping points are also feasible.
Claims (8)
1. Material processing apparatus comprising two relatively movable material processing elements co-operable to process material received therebetween and a respective displacing drive to displace either or each of the elements to produce relative movement of the elements, the or each drive comprising two cross-members relatively movable towards and away from each other, toggle lever means to translate said relative move
ment of the cross-members into displacement of the associated one of the elements, guide rods fixed to one of the cross-members and guided in the other cross-member to permit said relative
movement of the members but to resist relative rotation thereof, and a motor mounted on the guide
rods and drivingly coupled by a crank drive and connecting rod to said other cross-member.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the
motor is a braking motor.
3. Apparatus as claimed in either claim 1 or
claim 2, wherein the connecting rod comprises a
member variable in length against a resilient bias.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the pre
ceding claims, the apparatus being a moulding
machine for moulding articles from thermoplastic
plastics material.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the pre
ceding claims, the apparatus being a punching ma
chine for cutting or impressing thermoplastic
plastics material.
6. Apparatus substantially as hereinbefore de
scribed with reference to Figures 1 to 3, 6 and 7 of
the accompanying drawings.
7. Apparatus substantially as hereinbefore de
scribed with reference to Figures 4 and 5 of the ac
companying drawings.
8. Apparatus as claimed in either claim 6 or
claim 7 and modified substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure 8 of the accom
panying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843436469 DE3436469C1 (en) | 1984-10-05 | 1984-10-05 | Toggle drive |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8524476D0 GB8524476D0 (en) | 1985-11-06 |
GB2165796A true GB2165796A (en) | 1986-04-23 |
GB2165796B GB2165796B (en) | 1988-09-07 |
Family
ID=6247118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08524476A Expired GB2165796B (en) | 1984-10-05 | 1985-10-04 | Working element drive in material processing apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3436469C1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2571302B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2165796B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004035272A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Sarong Societa'per Azioni | Separating apparatus |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3604255A1 (en) * | 1986-02-11 | 1987-08-13 | Illig Maschinenbau Adolf | Toggle-lever drive |
DE19710475A1 (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-17 | Kuhne Anlagenbau Gmbh | Device for the production of hollow bodies from thermoplastic plastic films |
DE19724963C1 (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-21 | Illig Maschinenbau Adolf | Forming or punching station |
DE102015211622A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | Multivac Sepp Haggenmüller Se & Co. Kg | Thermoforming packaging machine with foil punch |
CN116771266B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-11-10 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Karst cave construction is with location punching device with skew correction function |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB982000A (en) * | 1963-01-10 | 1965-02-03 | Improved Machinery Inc | Toggle type clamping mechanisms |
GB1158569A (en) * | 1965-10-06 | 1969-07-16 | Valyi Emery I | Moulding Apparatus |
GB1175864A (en) * | 1967-02-20 | 1970-01-01 | Wiehe Plastmaschinenwerk | Improvements in and relating to toggle lever drives for injection moulding machines |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3496257A (en) * | 1963-07-10 | 1970-02-17 | Brown Machine Co Of Michigan | Differential pressure forming machine |
GB1029895A (en) * | 1963-07-10 | 1966-05-18 | Brown Machine Co | Differential pressure forming machine |
DE1479229B2 (en) * | 1965-10-02 | 1975-06-05 | 5201 Lohmar | Device for the production of hollow bodies from thermoplastic material by the blow molding process |
US3776681A (en) * | 1971-04-27 | 1973-12-04 | Standard Oil Co | Thermoforming apparatus |
US3975132A (en) * | 1975-06-05 | 1976-08-17 | United Industrial Syndicate, Inc. | Devices for use in the application of working pressures and apparatus including such devices |
US4377377A (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1983-03-22 | Leesona Corporation | Differential pressure forming machine with variable mold closed cycle |
-
1984
- 1984-10-05 DE DE19843436469 patent/DE3436469C1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-10-04 FR FR8514738A patent/FR2571302B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-10-04 GB GB08524476A patent/GB2165796B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB982000A (en) * | 1963-01-10 | 1965-02-03 | Improved Machinery Inc | Toggle type clamping mechanisms |
GB1158569A (en) * | 1965-10-06 | 1969-07-16 | Valyi Emery I | Moulding Apparatus |
GB1175864A (en) * | 1967-02-20 | 1970-01-01 | Wiehe Plastmaschinenwerk | Improvements in and relating to toggle lever drives for injection moulding machines |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004035272A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Sarong Societa'per Azioni | Separating apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2571302A1 (en) | 1986-04-11 |
DE3436469C1 (en) | 1985-09-19 |
FR2571302B1 (en) | 1990-03-23 |
GB2165796B (en) | 1988-09-07 |
GB8524476D0 (en) | 1985-11-06 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20041004 |