GB2162863A - A method of and apparatus for hot-dip metallizing - Google Patents
A method of and apparatus for hot-dip metallizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2162863A GB2162863A GB08519628A GB8519628A GB2162863A GB 2162863 A GB2162863 A GB 2162863A GB 08519628 A GB08519628 A GB 08519628A GB 8519628 A GB8519628 A GB 8519628A GB 2162863 A GB2162863 A GB 2162863A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- container
- induction
- hot
- zinc
- metallizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 34
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0034—Details related to elements immersed in bath
- C23C2/00342—Moving elements, e.g. pumps or mixers
- C23C2/00344—Means for moving substrates, e.g. immersed rollers or immersed bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0035—Means for continuously moving substrate through, into or out of the bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0036—Crucibles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0038—Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
- C23C2/004—Snouts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
A hot-dip metallizing apparatus (1) for continuously metallizing metal strip (12) comprises a container of diameter (D) and depth (T). The zinc melt (9) in the container is heated and agitated by an induction coil system (5). Hard zinc deposits (10) comprising iron, zinc, aluminium and silicon form in the zinc melt (9) and, if they reach the metal to be metallized, will adversely affect the product by pitting. To avoid this, the container dimensions are chosen so that its depth (T) is at least as great as its diameter (D). The induction coil system (5) is also divided into superposed component coils (6, 7, 8). During operation the lowermost coil (8) associated with the bottom of the container is not energized with alternating current, so that hard zinc deposits (10) can accumulate in the bottom of the container (2), since agitation is brought about only by the upper coils (7, 6) in the middle and top part of the container. When the hard zinc deposits have to be removed, the lowermost coil (8) can also be energized, so that the deposits can travel upwards from the container bottom. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A method of and apparatus for hot-dip metallizing
This invention relates to a hot-dip metallizing apparatus as well as to a method of hot-dip metallizing a metal strip using the apparatus.
In particular, the invention relates to a hotdip metallizing apparatus for metallizing a ferrous metal strip, for example in tape form, comprising a container for receiving a molten coating metal bath into which the ferrous metal strip is dipped from above (after pretreatment such as cleaning and preheating if required) and from which it is subsequently withdrawn, and an induction coil system disposed in or at the side wall or walls of the container for inductively heating the container contents. An apparatus of this type is described in DE-PS 23 63 222, wherein the depth of the container is less than the diameter of the container. The purpose of these container dimensions is to enable or facilitate thorough agitation of the molten metal in the container to prevent deposits accumulating on the container bottom.As is known, in apparatus of this type, the induction coil system not only inductively heats the molten material but also continuously agitates the metal bath owing to the currents induced in the molten metal.
When steel strip, for example, is coated with zinc or aluminium-zinc alloys, ''hard zinc" forms in the metal melt in the container.
Hard zinc is a compound of iron, zinc, aluminium and silicon, and accumulates at the container bottom. Previously proposed containers are specially dimensioned so as to avoid such accumulations. Owing to the intensive-agitation, however, hard zinc occurs practically everywhere within the melt, and the practical result is that it also remains sticking to the steel strip to be coated, thus pitting the metaliized tape surface. This reduces the quality of the coated material, which needs to have an extremely smooth surface.
It has now been found that in order to obtain a good-quality product it is essential to remove the hard zinc deposits from the melt at regular intervals. However, purifying the melt of hard metal deposits takes considerable time, with considerable production losses. The frequency of the required cleaning operations increases rapidly with decreasing container depth.
It is an object of this present invention to enable the provision of a hot-dip metallizing method and apparatus whereby the above disadvantages may be overcome or at least mitigated.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for hot-dip metallizing strip material, which apparatus comprises a container for molten metal and induction means for heating molten metal in the container, wherein the induction means is arranged so as to be capable of agitating molten metal in one part of the container less than molten metal in another part of the container in use.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of hotdip metallizing strip material, which comprises using apparatus in accordance with the first aspect.
The invention thus enables the provision of an improved apparatus whereby the quality of the metallized iron strip is not adversely affected by progressive formation of hard zinc in the container, removal of hard zinc from the metal bath being necessary only at relatively long intervals.
In a preferred aspect, the apparatus according to the invention is characterised in that the depth of the container is at least as great as the diameter thereof, and the coil is in the form of a number of superposed coils, preferably disposed one above another, that is, spaced axially of the coil, the individual component coils being independently energizable with alternating current.
This ensures that, as the metal strip continuously runs through the melt, it is at a considerable distance from the container bottom even at the lowest point. When the device is in operation, that is during metal coating, advantageously only the upper component coil(s) are switched on, so that the metal melt is adequately heated by induction and sufficiently agitated in the upper part of the container, but the motion in the lower part becomes progressively weaker, so that hard zinc deposits in the lower part remain there and are not entrained upwards by intensive agitation of the entire bath, as in previously proposed apparatus. Consequently the metal melt in the upper- part of the container is substantially free of hard zinc particles, so that very few if any such particles reach the steel strip to be metallized. The product will therefore be of high quality.
If a relatively large arnount of hard zinc deposit forms in the lower part of the container after prolonged operation and therefore must be removed, the lower component coil can also be supplied with alternating current so that the power supplied to the lower part of the container is sufficient or is increased so as to remove the hard zinc from the container.
Another advantage of having a number of component coils is that the heating power can be optimally adjusted to the operating conditions.
In a very simple embodiment of this invention, two component coils are disposed outside the container peripheral wall, the upper coil being taller if required than the lower coil.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, three equally tall component coils, that is, of identical construction if required, are disposed one above the other. Depending on the depth to which the iron strip is immersed in the melt for coating, and the intensity of the power induced in the metal melt by each component coil, either the upper two or only the uppermost coil will be connected to the energy source whereas the lowermost coil will remain de-energized. The latfer coil will be switched on only when the accumulated hard zinc has to be removed.
It has been found particularly advantageous if the ratio of the container depth to the container diameter is from 1:1 to 1:0.5, preferably from 1 :0.8 to 1:0.7. In combination with three component coils of equal height, this arrangement, although relatively simple, usually ensures a high quality of product.
For a better understanding of the present invention, and to show how the same may be put into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the acommpanying drawing, which is a longitudinal sectional view of a hot-dip metallizing apparatus, comprising a preheating furnace and a crucible for receiving a metal melt, in accordance with the invention.
Referring now to the drawing, a hot-dip metallizing apparatus 1 comprises a refractory, approximately cylindrical, crucible 2 having a bottom 3 and a side wall 4 of circular cross-section. The ratio of diameter D to height T D/T of the crucible 2 is about 1:0.78.
A cylindrical induction-coil system 5 is disposed outside the wall 4 and comprises three component coils 6, 7, 8 of identical construction, disposed one above the other axially of the container and coil system and each having separate connections 6', 7', 8'. The coils 6, 7, 8 can be independently connected to an energy source and supplied with alternating current. When the coils are supplied with alternating current the contents of the crucible, such as a zinc melt 9, are inductively heated and, because of the electric current induced in the melt 9, the molten metal is agitated.
A layer 10 of hard zinc is shown deposited near the bottom 3 of the crucible 2.
The level 11 of the zinc melt 9 in the bath is only slightly below the top edge of the wall 4.
The apparatus 1 is being used for metallizing a steel strip 1 2 which is conveyed in the direction of the arrow over guide rollers 1 3 and 14 and past a stabilizing roller 1 5 and first dips into the zinc melt 9 and then leaves the melt, whereby the surface of the steel strip is coated with zinc The roller 1 5 is to enable removal of the strip from the melt without allowing the strip to become slack.
The guide roller 14 is disposed inside the melt 9.
The roller 1 3 is disposed in a preheating furnace 16, through which the steel strip 1 2 runs before dipping into the zinc melt 9. If required, the steel strip can be cleaned beforehand. An inlet nozzle 1 7 adjoining the outlet of the furnace 1 6 extends beneath the bath level 11, to prevent oxygen reaching the bath surface between the furnace 1 6 and the melt 9.
The hot-dip metallizing apparatus 1 operates as follows. The strip 1 2 is continuously drawn over the rollers 1 3 and 14 through the zinc melt 9, using a tension device (not shown). During this process, the upper two coils 6 and 7 of the coil system 5 are energized with alternating current by an energizing source (not shown), so that the zinc melt 9 inside the container 2 is heated and agitated.
Heating initially occurs only in the top and central part of the container, so that the molten zinc is agitated only in the top and middle part thereof but is not appreciably stirred in the bottom part thereof, which'is substantially enclosed by the lowermostcoil 8. Consequently, hard zinc can accumulate in the bottom of the container 2 without the entire zinc melt being excessively stirred so that hard zinc is entrained upwards and sticks to the steel strip, pitting the same.
If, after prolonged operation, the hard zinc deposits 10 on the container bottom increase very considerably, the central coil 7 can also be switched off, so that the bath is heated and agitated only by the uppermost coil 6.
If the accumulated hard zinc has to be removed after prolonged operation, the container bottom is energized by switching on the lowest coil 8, whereupon the hard zinc deposits are carried upwards by the strong agitation.
In a variant of the previously-described embodiment, only two component coils need be provided. Alternatively there can be four or more component coils for even more graduated energization of the container contents.
Claims (14)
1. Apparatus for hot-dip metallizing strip material, which apparatus comprises a container for molten metal and induction means for heating molten metal in the container, wherein the induction means is arranged so as to be capable of agitating molten metal in one part of the container less than molten metal in another part of the container in use.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein the induction means comprises at least a first induction coil which is spaced from the bottom of the container in use.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, wherein the induction means comprises a second induction coil which is disposed between the first induction coil and the bottom of the container in use and energizable independently of the first induction coil.
4. Apparatus according to Claim 3, wherein the induction means comprises at least three induction coils which are energizable independently of one another.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein the three induction coils are of substantially the same axiai length.
6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the depth of the container is equal to or greater than the diameter of the container.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 6, wherein the ratio of the depth to the diameter of the container is from 1:1 to 1:0.5.
8. Apparatus according to Claim 7, wherein the ratio to the depth of the diameter of the container is from 1:0.8 to 1:0.7.
9. A method of hot-dip metallizing strip material which comprises using apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.
1:p. A method according to Claim 9, wherein the induction means is arranged to agitate the molten metal in one part of the container less than the molten metal in another part of the container during hot-dip metallizing, the strip material being fed through only the said other part.
11. A method according to Claim 9 or 10, wherein the apparatus comprises apparatus in accordance with Claim 3, the second induction coil being deenergized during hot-dip metallizing.
1 2. A method according to Claim 11, wherein the apparatus comprises apparatus in accordance with Claim 4, the lowermost induction coil being deenergized during hot-dip metallizing, and wherein, during hot-dip metallizing, initially the upper two of the three induction coils are energized and subsequently only the uppermost of the three induction coils is energized.
1 3. A hot-dip metallizing apparatus, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawing.
14. A method of hot-dip metallizing a metal strip, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
1 5. Any novel feature or combination of features described herein.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3428999A DE3428999C2 (en) | 1984-08-07 | 1984-08-07 | Hot dip plating apparatus and hot dip plating process |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8519628D0 GB8519628D0 (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| GB2162863A true GB2162863A (en) | 1986-02-12 |
| GB2162863B GB2162863B (en) | 1988-05-11 |
Family
ID=6242478
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08519628A Expired GB2162863B (en) | 1984-08-07 | 1985-08-05 | A method of and apparatus for hot-dip metallizing |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61117261A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3428999C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2568895B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2162863B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1182806B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE463460B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1988005831A1 (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-08-11 | Otto Junker Gmbh | Process for operating hot metallization ovens |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04323355A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-11-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Galvanizing method |
| US5787110A (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 1998-07-28 | Inductotherm Corp. | Galvanizing apparatus with coreless induction furnace |
| JP2002275609A (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-25 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for preventing fling-up of dross of plating bath |
| JP5606133B2 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2014-10-15 | 中部電力株式会社 | Heating device |
| DE102013101131A1 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-07 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Apparatus for hot dip coating of metal strip |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB565105A (en) * | 1943-04-16 | 1944-10-26 | Albert Augustus Willoughby Wat | Improvements in and relating to the galvanising of metal articles |
| GB662524A (en) * | 1948-12-27 | 1951-12-05 | Birlec Ltd | Improvements in, or relating to, a method of and apparatus for galvanizing and like metal coating |
| GB753470A (en) * | 1953-04-08 | 1956-07-25 | Wheeling Steel Corp | Improvements in or relating to process of tight coat hot dip galvanizing |
| GB777213A (en) * | 1952-04-09 | 1957-06-19 | Birlec Ltd | A new or improved method of, and apparatus for, controlling or preventing the discharge of molten metal from containers |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1523647A (en) * | 1923-06-07 | 1925-01-20 | Warren S Smith | Galvanizing furnace |
| US2019283A (en) * | 1932-03-30 | 1935-10-29 | Gen Electric | Furnace |
| DE849503C (en) * | 1949-07-16 | 1952-09-15 | Siemens Ag | Soldering and melting equipment |
| US2634201A (en) * | 1951-12-26 | 1953-04-07 | Monsanto Chemicals | Herbicidal compositions |
| US2669647A (en) * | 1952-06-13 | 1954-02-16 | Gen Engineering Company Canada | Dual frequency induction heating apparatus |
| AT230106B (en) * | 1958-04-12 | 1963-11-11 | Junker Fa O | Coreless induction furnace for industrial vacuum operation |
| FR1318053A (en) * | 1962-03-20 | 1963-02-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Method allowing the choice of an induction-heated crucible furnace either as a melting furnace or as a holding furnace |
| FR1584833A (en) * | 1968-09-24 | 1970-01-02 | ||
| US3887721A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-06-03 | Armco Steel Corp | Metallic coating method |
-
1984
- 1984-08-07 DE DE3428999A patent/DE3428999C2/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-08-05 GB GB08519628A patent/GB2162863B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-06 SE SE8503724A patent/SE463460B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-06 IT IT48452/85A patent/IT1182806B/en active
- 1985-08-07 FR FR858512100A patent/FR2568895B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-08-07 JP JP60172552A patent/JPS61117261A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB565105A (en) * | 1943-04-16 | 1944-10-26 | Albert Augustus Willoughby Wat | Improvements in and relating to the galvanising of metal articles |
| GB662524A (en) * | 1948-12-27 | 1951-12-05 | Birlec Ltd | Improvements in, or relating to, a method of and apparatus for galvanizing and like metal coating |
| GB777213A (en) * | 1952-04-09 | 1957-06-19 | Birlec Ltd | A new or improved method of, and apparatus for, controlling or preventing the discharge of molten metal from containers |
| GB753470A (en) * | 1953-04-08 | 1956-07-25 | Wheeling Steel Corp | Improvements in or relating to process of tight coat hot dip galvanizing |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1988005831A1 (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-08-11 | Otto Junker Gmbh | Process for operating hot metallization ovens |
| US5135781A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1992-08-04 | Otto Junker Gmbh | Procedure for operating a hot metallizing furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8548452A0 (en) | 1985-08-06 |
| JPS6354778B2 (en) | 1988-10-31 |
| FR2568895B1 (en) | 1992-09-18 |
| IT1182806B (en) | 1987-10-05 |
| JPS61117261A (en) | 1986-06-04 |
| SE463460B (en) | 1990-11-26 |
| GB2162863B (en) | 1988-05-11 |
| SE8503724D0 (en) | 1985-08-06 |
| DE3428999A1 (en) | 1986-02-13 |
| GB8519628D0 (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| DE3428999C2 (en) | 1986-08-14 |
| FR2568895A1 (en) | 1986-02-14 |
| SE8503724L (en) | 1986-02-08 |
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| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19940805 |