GB2151514A - Fibre-reinforced composite material and method of producing the material - Google Patents
Fibre-reinforced composite material and method of producing the material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2151514A GB2151514A GB08420256A GB8420256A GB2151514A GB 2151514 A GB2151514 A GB 2151514A GB 08420256 A GB08420256 A GB 08420256A GB 8420256 A GB8420256 A GB 8420256A GB 2151514 A GB2151514 A GB 2151514A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fibre
- shaped article
- matrix
- heat treatment
- solution heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
- B22D25/02—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
A fibre-reinforced composite body (1/2/3) e.g. a connecting rod comprises a shaped article (F) of fibres of precipitation hardenable stainless steel which has been subjected to a solution heat treatment, and an aluminium alloy matrix (M) filled around, into and integrated with the fibre shaped article (F) by high pressure solidification casting. The body is then heat treated for the fibres to be precipitation hardened and the matrix to be solution heat treated. Finally the body is reheated and cooled to provide an artificial ageing for the aluminium alloy. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Fibre-reinforced composite material and method of producing the material
This invention relates to a fibre-reinforced composite material and to a method of producing the material.
There has been previously proposed a composite material produced by the steps of partially impregnating and bonding inorganic fibres, such as stainless steel fibres, with one another by the use of a copper type soldering material or by baking to form a fibre shaped article; and filling a light alloy, as a matrix, in the fibre shaped article by high pressure solidification casting so as to cast the composite material and, at the same time, to reinforce a predetermined portion of the composite material by the fibres. The high pressure solidification casting method can be said to be an effective means for producing fibre-reinforced composite materials of this kind because it can sufficiently fill the fibre shaped article with the matrix to form the composite material.
By intensive studies on the properties of the composite material it has been found that since the fibre is heated to high temperature during brazing and sintering, the fibre itself is annealed and its strength tends to decrease, adversely affecting the strength of the composite material to be obtained.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a fibre-reinforced composite body comprising a shaped article of fibres of precipitation hardened stainless steel which has been subjected to a precipitation hardening treatment after solution heat treatment, and an aluminium alloy matrix filled into and integrated with said fibre shaped article by high pressure solidification casting and subjected to artificial ageing treatment after solution heat treatment.
The invention also provides a method of producing a body including fibre-reinforced composite material comprising the steps of moulding a fibre shaped article at high temperature from precipitation hardenable stainless steel fibres; cooling said fibre shaped article thereby to complete solution heat treatment of said fibre shaped article; filling said fibre shaped article with an aluminium alloy as a matrix by high pressure solidification casting to unite the matrix and article as a composite while at the same time forming the shape of the body; and cooling said body after heating the body to effect precipitation hardening of said fibre shaped article and at the same time, to effect solution heat treatment of said matrix.
For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a front longitudinal sectional view of an internal combustion engine connecting rod;
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line ll-ll in Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a graphical illustration showing the change of the proportional limit of elasticity for different materials under specified conditions.
The connecting rod shown in Figures 1 and 2 is for use in an internal combustion engine and uses an aluminium alloy as a matrix. The connecting rod comprises a rod portion 1. A ring-like little end portion 2 and a semicircular big end portion 3 are integrally formed at opposite ends of the rod portion 1. The rod portion 1 is reinforced by a shaped body F of precipitation hardened stainless steel fibres disposed in the axial direction of the rod portion.
The connecting rod is produced by the following method.
First, precipitation hardenable type stainless steel fibres of JIS SUS 631J1 having an 80 diameter (hereinafter called " PH steel fibres") are inserted together with a copper soldering material into a heat-resistant glass tube and are held at 1,1 20 C for 1 5 minutes to fuse the soldering material and to locally diffuse and bond the fibres with one another, thereby obtaining a fibre shaped article F. The resulting fibre shaped article F is cooled at a cooling speed of 10'C/sec.
The temperature of 1,1 20 C described above is the melting point of the copper soldering material and is the solution point of the PH steel fibres. Accordingly, when cooled from this temperature at the rate described above, the fibre shaped article F is subjected to solution heat treatment and is hardened.
The fibre shaped article F has a bulk density of 2.65g/cc and has good shape retainability.
Next, the fibre shaped article F is placed into the cavity of a die for moulding the rod portion in its axial direction and the connecting rod is cast using an aluminium alloy (JIS
AC8B) as the matrix. At the same time, the matrix M fills the fibre shaped article F at the rod portion 1 of the connecting rod to become united therewith and form an integrated, composite member. The connecting rod is allowed to cool.
After heating at 500"C for 5 hours, the connecting rod is cooled in such a manner that the rod is immersed in hot water stored in a tank at a temperature of at least 60"C. By this heat treatment, the aluminium alloy as the matrix M is subjected to solution heat treatment while the PH steel fibres forming the fibre shaped article F are subjected to the precipitation hardening treatment.
The temperature for the solution heat treatment and the precipitation hardening treatment is suitably from 450"C to 510"C. If the temperature is below 450"C, the precipitation hardening treatment of the PH steel fibres is not achieved and if it is above 510"C, the aluminium alloy and the PH steel fibres are likely to react with each other.
After the treatments described above, the connecting rod is heated at 1 70 C for 10 hours and is then cooled in air at ambient temperature to provide an artificial ageing treatment to the aluminium alloy and to improve its strength.
Figure 3 illustrates the proportional limit of elasticity of the PH steel fibre (I) and stainless steel fibre (II) expressed by JIS SUS 27.
Symbol A represents the elastic limit before the heat treatment of each fibre, B the limit after the solution heat treatment and C the limit after the precipitation hardening treatment. As can be seen from Figure 3, the strength of the PH steel fibre (I) can be drastically improved by the heat treatment in comparison with that of the stainless steel fibre (II). The proportional limit of elasticity of the rod portion 1 of the connecting rod using the PH steel fibre becomes 7,500 kg/mm2 due to the improvement in strength of this PH steel fibre and to the improvement in strength by the solution heat treatment and artificial ageing treatment of the aluminium alloy, and this value is found to be a drastic improvement when compared with the value 5,500 kg/mm2 of the rod portion using the stainless steel fibre (II).
As described above, the present invention can provide a fibre-reinforced composite material which is light in weight and has improved strength and can be suitably used for automobile components, such as a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine. The present invention also has the advantage in the production process that the precipitation hardening treatment of the fibre shaped article and the solution heat treatment of the matrix can be carried out by a single process step due to the combination of the precipitation hardening type stainless steel fibre shaped article with the aluminium alloy matrix.
Claims (7)
1. A fibre-reinforced composite body comprising a shaped article of fibres of precipitation hardened stainless steel which has been subjected to a precipitation hardening treatment after solution heat treatment, and an aluminium alloy matrix filled into and integrated with said fibre shaped article by high pressure solidification casting and subjected to artificial ageing treatment after solution heat treatment.
2. A fibre-reinforced composite body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaped article is precipitation hardened in situ in said body concurrently with the solution heat treatment of the matrix.
3. A method of producing a body including fibre-reinforced composite material comprising the steps of moulding a fibre shaped article at high temperature from precipitation hardenable stainless steel fibres; cooling said fibre shaped article thereby to complete solution heat treatment of said fibre shaped article; filling said fibre shaped article with an aluminium alloy as a matrix by high pressure solidification casting to unite the matrix and article as a composite while at the same time forming the shape of the body; and cooling said body after heating the body to effect precipitation hardening of said fibre shaped article and at the same time, to effect solution heat treatment of said matrix.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, comprising heating and cooling the body after the precipitation hardening of the fibre shaped article and the solution heat treatment of the matrix to effect artificial ageing of the matrix.
5. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the body is heated to a temperature of between 450"C and 510"C for 5 hours in effecting the precipitation hardening of the stainless steel fibres and the solution heat treatment of the aluminium alloy matrix.
6. A fibre-reinforced composite body, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
7. A method of producing a body including fibre-reinforced composite material, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58222947A JPS60114540A (en) | 1983-11-26 | 1983-11-26 | Fiber-reinforced composite member and its production |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8420256D0 GB8420256D0 (en) | 1984-09-12 |
| GB2151514A true GB2151514A (en) | 1985-07-24 |
| GB2151514B GB2151514B (en) | 1987-07-08 |
Family
ID=16790364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08420256A Expired GB2151514B (en) | 1983-11-26 | 1984-08-09 | Fibre-reinforced composite material and method of producing the material |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60114540A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1240904A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3431778A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2555503B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2151514B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1500447A2 (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-01-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Aluminium based composite material and process for manufacturing the same |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63290229A (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1988-11-28 | Itaru Niimi | Manufacture of fiber-reinforced composite metallic material |
| DE3912664A1 (en) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-03-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Light metal casting esp. engine housing |
| DE10157478A1 (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-06-05 | Fne Gmbh | Compound metal material is a shaped first metal, e.g. a wire coil, embedded in a ground matrix of the second metal. |
| FR2940378B1 (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2011-03-04 | Messier Dowty Sa | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A METAL ROD REINFORCED WITH LONG FIBERS |
| CN111893275B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-06-29 | 燕山大学 | Low-temperature heat treatment strengthening method for 316 or 316L stainless steel fibers |
| CN111763815B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-07-23 | 燕山大学 | Low-temperature heat treatment strengthening method for 304 or 304L stainless steel fibers |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5292827A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1977-08-04 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing structures with fiber reinforced composite parts |
| JPS5475405A (en) * | 1977-11-29 | 1979-06-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Production of one directional fiber reinforced composite material |
| JPS5630070A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-03-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Manufacture of fiber-reinforced composite material |
-
1983
- 1983-11-26 JP JP58222947A patent/JPS60114540A/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-08-09 GB GB08420256A patent/GB2151514B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-13 CA CA000460907A patent/CA1240904A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-29 DE DE19843431778 patent/DE3431778A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-08-30 FR FR8413437A patent/FR2555503B1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1500447A2 (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-01-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Aluminium based composite material and process for manufacturing the same |
| EP1500447A3 (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2007-01-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Aluminium based composite material and process for manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3431778A1 (en) | 1985-06-05 |
| JPS60114540A (en) | 1985-06-21 |
| GB2151514B (en) | 1987-07-08 |
| GB8420256D0 (en) | 1984-09-12 |
| FR2555503A1 (en) | 1985-05-31 |
| CA1240904A (en) | 1988-08-23 |
| FR2555503B1 (en) | 1987-10-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19980809 |