GB2148423A - Brake lining and its manufacture - Google Patents
Brake lining and its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2148423A GB2148423A GB08421087A GB8421087A GB2148423A GB 2148423 A GB2148423 A GB 2148423A GB 08421087 A GB08421087 A GB 08421087A GB 8421087 A GB8421087 A GB 8421087A GB 2148423 A GB2148423 A GB 2148423A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- brake lining
- steel fibres
- lining
- fibres
- braking surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
- C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
- C22C47/068—Aligning wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/20—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by subjecting to pressure and heat an assembly comprising at least one metal layer or sheet and one layer of fibres or filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
- F16D69/028—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides containing fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
In a brake lining 1 including steel fibres and iron powder, the steel fibres 2 are arranged in regular order to extend in a direction intersecting with a braking surface of the brake lining such direction may be perpendicular (Fig. 3) or inclined thereto (Fig. 5) and lining may consist of three layers (Fig. 6). Lining may be semi-metallic with connecting agents such as synthetic resin, or metallic with fibres and powder connected by e.g. sintering. The lining 1 may be made in a non-magnetic metal mould 3 with magnets 4, 5 to orient the steel fibres (see Figs. 3, 4). Magnets may be permanent or electro. Strength and direction of magnetic force may be changed locally to vary compactness and/or orientation of fibres locally. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Brake lining and its manufacture
This invention relates to a brake lining for use in such as a wheel brake of a vehicle and, more particularly, to a brake lining of the kind including steel fibres and iron powder. The invention also relates to a method and apparatus for making such a brake lining.
Brake linings of the aforesaid kind are known in the forum of semi-metallic and metallic brake linings and have been used widely.
However, it is desirable to further improve the characteristics of aforesaid brake lining, such as its homogeneity, endurance and mechanical strength.
According to the invention, the steel fibres in a brake lining of the aforesaid kind are arranged in regular order to extend in a direction intersecting with a braking surface of the brake lining.
The invention includes a method of making a brake lining including steel fibres and iron powder, wherein the lining is moulded in the presence of a magnetic field which orients the steel fibres so that they extend in a direction intersecting a braking surface of the brake lining.
The invention also includes apparatus for making a brake lining including steel fibres, which apparatus comprises a mould incorporating magnets to produce a magnetic field which extends in a direction intersecting a braking surface to be formed on the brake lining, for orienting the steel fibres in the said direction.
The invention is further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic view showing a preforming apparatus for the manufacture of a brake lining, according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of a friction pad in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, made by using the machine of Fig.
1;
Figure 4 is a modified view of the preforming apparatus;
Figure 5 is a sectional view of a friction pad in accordance with another embodiment, made by using the machine of Fig. 4, and
Figure 6 is a sectional view of a brake lining modified from Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention wherein a brake lining 1 according to the invention is secured to a backing plate 11 to constitute a friction pad which is adapted for use in a disc brake for a vehicle.
The brake lining 1 includes a plurality of thin steel fibres 2 and iron powders (not shown in the drawing) and the steel fibres 2 are arranged in regular order to extend in a direction perpendicular to a braking surface (the top surface in Fig. 3) of the friction pad 10.
It will be understood that, in a semi-metallic brake lining, the fibres, metal powder and connecting agents, such as synthetic resin, are firmly connected to one another under conditions of high temperature and high pressure and, in a metallic brake lining, metal fibres and metal powder are connected to one another firmly by, for example, a sintering process.
Figs. 1 and 2 show a preforming machine used to manufacture the brake lining 1 shown in Fig. 3. The machine comprises a nonmagnetic metal mould 3 and upper and lower magnets 4 and 5. Raw material 6 of the brake lining 1 is supplied into the metal mould 3 and above the lower magnet 5 and the upper magnet 4 is pushed into the metal mould 3.
The steel fibres 2 in the raw material 6 are oriented in regular order to extend in the direction of the lines of magnetic force H as shown in Fig. 2. Thereafter, the raw material 6 is processed according to conventional practice to form the friction pad 1 0.
The steel fibres 2 of the friction pad 10 are arranged in regular order to extend perpendicular to the braking surface; thus, the steel fibres 2 can resist effectively the shear forces which generally act parallel to the braking surface. This improves the mechanical strength of the brake lining. Further, the strength to withstand the compressive force which acts perpendicular to the braking surface is improved, whereby it is possible to apply a high braking force to the friction pad 10. Since the steel fibres 2 are arranged in regular order in the perpendicular cross-section, the arrangement thereof as viewed in a plan view is also improved; thus, the homogeneity of the brake lining is also improved which can effectively prevent partial flaking or peeling of the brake lining.The steel fibres 2 arranged in regular order are effective in absorbing vibrations; thus, the squeal phenomenon of the brake can be prevented.
Fig. 4 shows a modified performing machine wherein non-magnetic moulds 7 and 8 are provided in addition to the preforming machine of Fig. 1. The moulds 7 and 8 define inclined opposing surfaces which incline relative to the line of magnetic force (vertical in the drawing). Fig. 5 shows a friction pad having a brake lining 1 which is formed by utilizing the machine of Fig. 4. The steel fibres 2 are oriented so that they are inclined to the perpendicular to the braking surface.
The function and advantages of the brake lining of Fig. 5 are similar to those of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 shows a further modified form of the brake lining according to the invention, wherein the brake lining 1 consists of three relatively thin layers or respective linings 1 a,
1 b and I c. By reducing the thickness of respective linings, it is possible to further strengthen the effect of the magnetic force, thereby improving the orientation of the steel fibres in the brake lining.
Although the description has been made with respect to some preferred embodiments of the invention, it is possible to apply changes or modifications within the scope of the invention. For example, the magnets 4 and 5 shown in the drawings are permanent magnets, but electro magnets can similarly be utilized. Further, the strength and the direction of the magnetic force may be changed locally so that the compactness and/or the orientation of the steel fibres is varied locally.
Claims (10)
1. A brake lining including steel fibres and iron powder, wherein the steel fibres are arranged in regular order to extend in a direction intersecting with a braking surface of the brake lining.
2. A brake lining according to claim 1, wherein the steel fibres extend perpendicular to the braking surface.
3. A brake lining according to claim 1 or 2, which is a semi-metallic lining.
4. A brake lining according to claim 1 or 2, which is a metallic lining.
5. A method of making a brake lining including steel fibres and iron powder, wherein the lining is moulded in the presence of a magnetic field which orients the steel fibres so that they extend in a direction intersecting a braking surface of the brake lining.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5, in which local variations in the compactness and/or orientation of the steel fibres are produced by local variations in the magnetic field.
7. Apparatus for making a brake lining including steel fibres, which apparatus comprises a mould incorporating magnets to produce a magnetic field which extends in a direction intersecting a braking surface to be formed on the brake lining, for orienting the steel fibres in the said direction.
8. A brake lining constructed substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in Figs. 3, 5 or 6 of the accompanying drawings.
9. A method of making a brake lining substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
10. Apparatus for making a brake lining adapted to operate substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 or Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1983128259U JPS6035933U (en) | 1983-08-19 | 1983-08-19 | Friction pads for brakes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8421087D0 GB8421087D0 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
| GB2148423A true GB2148423A (en) | 1985-05-30 |
Family
ID=14980421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08421087A Withdrawn GB2148423A (en) | 1983-08-19 | 1984-08-20 | Brake lining and its manufacture |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6035933U (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3430609A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2550837B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2148423A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1179052B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016134715A1 (en) * | 2015-02-23 | 2016-09-01 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Friction lining |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB326267A (en) * | 1928-12-19 | 1930-03-13 | John Hogg Robertson | Improvements in friction elements for brakes, clutches and the like |
| GB396231A (en) * | 1931-07-16 | 1933-08-03 | Orello Simmons Buckner | Improvements in abrasive tools, and in methods and apparatus employed in their manufacture |
| GB931631A (en) * | 1960-06-17 | 1963-07-17 | Bendix Corp | Brake element having metal fiber reinforcing |
| GB1201772A (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1970-08-12 | Borg Warner | Friction elements for a brake or clutch |
| GB1302733A (en) * | 1969-03-10 | 1973-01-10 | ||
| GB1477767A (en) * | 1974-09-23 | 1977-06-29 | Edenvale Eng Works | Abrasive tools and method of making |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7134048U (en) * | 1972-11-09 | Stieber & Nebelmeier | Brush clutch | |
| FR1047374A (en) * | 1951-01-02 | 1953-12-14 | Dunlop Sa | Braking devices |
| DE1775422A1 (en) * | 1968-08-09 | 1971-07-08 | Plate Gmbh Chem Fab Dr | Clutch lining and process for its production, especially for magnetic tape devices |
| JPS58142916A (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1983-08-25 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Production of friction material |
-
1983
- 1983-08-19 JP JP1983128259U patent/JPS6035933U/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-08-17 IT IT8467822A patent/IT1179052B/en active
- 1984-08-17 FR FR8412939A patent/FR2550837B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-20 GB GB08421087A patent/GB2148423A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-08-20 DE DE19843430609 patent/DE3430609A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB326267A (en) * | 1928-12-19 | 1930-03-13 | John Hogg Robertson | Improvements in friction elements for brakes, clutches and the like |
| GB396231A (en) * | 1931-07-16 | 1933-08-03 | Orello Simmons Buckner | Improvements in abrasive tools, and in methods and apparatus employed in their manufacture |
| GB931631A (en) * | 1960-06-17 | 1963-07-17 | Bendix Corp | Brake element having metal fiber reinforcing |
| GB1201772A (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1970-08-12 | Borg Warner | Friction elements for a brake or clutch |
| GB1302733A (en) * | 1969-03-10 | 1973-01-10 | ||
| GB1477767A (en) * | 1974-09-23 | 1977-06-29 | Edenvale Eng Works | Abrasive tools and method of making |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016134715A1 (en) * | 2015-02-23 | 2016-09-01 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Friction lining |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6035933U (en) | 1985-03-12 |
| FR2550837A1 (en) | 1985-02-22 |
| DE3430609A1 (en) | 1985-03-07 |
| GB8421087D0 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
| IT1179052B (en) | 1987-09-16 |
| IT8467822A1 (en) | 1986-02-17 |
| FR2550837B1 (en) | 1989-07-28 |
| IT8467822A0 (en) | 1984-08-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU654675B2 (en) | A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an article of a composite material, an article, disc brake, a commutator and a commutator brush made by the method | |
| US4536230A (en) | Anisotropic permanent magnets | |
| EP0687829A1 (en) | Reinforced friction material | |
| GB1451788A (en) | Compsoite friction plate | |
| KR920006078A (en) | Synthetic Diamond Polishing Green Powder | |
| GB2148424A (en) | Friction pad and its manufacture | |
| US2887454A (en) | Light weight magnet and method of making | |
| CA2101265A1 (en) | Pultruded brake linings and method of making | |
| GB2148423A (en) | Brake lining and its manufacture | |
| AU7147591A (en) | Brake discs for automobiles and methods for their manufacture | |
| US4384053A (en) | Product for manufacturing clutch or brake linings, and method of preparing same | |
| GB2346107A (en) | Resin mould | |
| WO1996030668A1 (en) | Backplate for friction material | |
| JPS6427022A (en) | Magnetic recording medium and its production | |
| JPH0229497B2 (en) | ||
| JPS63210065A (en) | Carbon-carbon fiber composite material | |
| JPH02176224A (en) | Friction plate and manufacture thereof | |
| KR900700285A (en) | Robust magnetic recording disc production method | |
| JPH03255235A (en) | Clutch driven plate | |
| JPS60240112A (en) | Metal mold for compression forming in magnetic field | |
| JPH08277866A (en) | Brake pad | |
| JPS62193568A (en) | Ultrasonic motor | |
| JPH022102Y2 (en) | ||
| JPS61113737A (en) | Manufacture of composite object porous body utilizing magnetism | |
| JPH1163042A (en) | Disk brake friction pad |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |