GB2137547A - Joints between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion - Google Patents

Joints between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2137547A
GB2137547A GB08308394A GB8308394A GB2137547A GB 2137547 A GB2137547 A GB 2137547A GB 08308394 A GB08308394 A GB 08308394A GB 8308394 A GB8308394 A GB 8308394A GB 2137547 A GB2137547 A GB 2137547A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
articles
indium
joint
article
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08308394A
Other versions
GB2137547B (en
Inventor
Ian Gardner Cassels
Hugh Peter Reid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferranti International PLC
Original Assignee
Ferranti PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferranti PLC filed Critical Ferranti PLC
Priority to GB08308394A priority Critical patent/GB2137547B/en
Publication of GB2137547A publication Critical patent/GB2137547A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2137547B publication Critical patent/GB2137547B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
    • C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/04—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer
    • C03C27/042—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
    • C03C27/046—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts of metals, metal oxides or metal salts only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • C03C27/08—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of intervening metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/003—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
    • C04B37/006—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts consisting of metals or metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C04B2237/121—Metallic interlayers based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C04B2237/124—Metallic interlayers based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C04B2237/125—Metallic interlayers based on noble metals, e.g. silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/40—Metallic
    • C04B2237/405—Iron metal group, e.g. Co or Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/52—Pre-treatment of the joining surfaces, e.g. cleaning, machining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
    • C04B2237/708—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/72—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising at least two interlayers directly next to each other

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

A method of providing such joint includes coating one article, for example, of a metal such as Nickel-Iron alloy, with electroplated Silver or Indium, and then heating a preform of Indium between the articles. Another, or the other, article may be of a glass ceramic, and may be coated with a layer of a Nickel-Chromium alloy, with a layer of Gold evaporated thereon. A satisfactory joint is provided without employing complex cleaning of the co-operating surfaces of the constituent parts of the joint. In order to ensure a required, effective, minimum thickness of 0.2 millimetre of Indium between the articles, one of the articles may be formed with a small, spacing, projection.

Description

SPECIFICATION Joints between articles of material of different coefficients of thermal expansion This invention relates to joints between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion, for example, relating to seals between two glass or ceramic articles, or between a glass or ceramic article and a metal article.
One of the articles may be of a glass ceramic; and the other article, to be joined thereto, may be of a Nickel-Iron alloy.
It is usually required that the joint provided is mechanically strong; and provides an hermetic seal between the two articles.
It is desirable that such a joint is able to accommodate any differential thermal expansion between the materials of the articles joined together thereby. It is known for such a joint to include the malleable metal Indium. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel and advantageous method of providing such a joint. It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a joint between two articles in which the effective thickness of the Indium is such that the advantageous maileability of the metal is employed.
According to the present invention a method of providing a joint between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion includes initially coating a surface of at least one of the articles with Silver or Indium, the coated surface, and a surface of each other article being required to be joined together, the co-operating surfaces being at least substantially free of impurities when prov iding Indium between the articles, the Indium being melted, and then resolidified, in order to provide the required joint.
Conveniently, the Silver or Indium coating on said at least one article is provided in an electroplating process step.
Such a Silver or Indium coating may be provided on a metal article.
Indium wets the electroplated Silver or Indium coating on said at least one article more readily than, say, a coating of Gold provided by an electroplating process step.
The other, or at least one of the other articles, may be coated initially, by providing a layer of a Nickel Chromium alloy, with a layer of Gold evaporated thereon, and at least substantially free of impurities, when providing Indium between the two articles.
According to another aspect of the present invention comprises a joint between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion, when provided by any one of the methods referred to above.
Preferably, the effective thickness of the Indium between the articles is at least 0.2 millimetre.
At least one of the articles may be formed with a projection, or projections, arranged to ensure that the major portions of the coated parts of the articles co-operating with each other are spaced apart by an amount at least equal to the desired minimum, effective, thickness for the Indium therebetween.
The present invention will now be described by way of example.
Example An article of a glass ceramic, having a low coefficient of linear expansion of 0.03 x 1 of6 per degree Kelvin at 20 C, is cleaned and degreased in any known way, and then has evaporated thereon a layer of a Nickel-Chromium alloy, 0.01 micrometre thick. Then a layer 0.1 micrometre thick of Gold is vacuum evaporated onto the layer of the Nickel Chromium alloy, the deposited Gold layer being at least substantially free from impurities. In this manner a desired coating is provided on the glass ceramic article.
A second article of a Nickel-Iron alloy, having a low coefficient of linear expansion of less thant 1 x 10-6 per degree Kelvin at 20 C, also is cleaned and degreased in any known way. Before becoming contaminated, and immediately before being joined to the glass ceramic article, the Nickel-Iron article is electroplated with Silver, in a known process step, to provide a coating thereon.
Only the article surfaces to be joined together are provided with such coatings.
Before the Silver coating can become contaminated, and after keeping the Gold layer of the coating on the glass ceramic article clean, the two articles are assembled with a preform of Indium held between the two coatings. The articles and the Indium preform are held together under slight spring pressure.
Any surface oxide film is removed from the Indium preform immediately before it is placed between the two articles. The surface oxide film is removed by dipping the preform in dilute (50%) Hydrochloric acid for 2 to 3 seconds, and then rinsing with distilled water.
The assembly is placed in a bell jar, which is flushed out with Hydrogen, for 10 minutes, to ensure that no Oxygen is present.
An eddy current heating coil is placed as close as possible to the Indium preform, and the Indium is melted. The Indium is heated for a period sufficient to ensure that the meltthroughly and evenly wets the Gold layer, and the Silver coating, the period being determined empirically. The clean Gold layer, and the Silver coating, are readily wetted by the molten Indium. The Indium is heated upto a temperature of 300 C, at which temperature, advantageously, the Hydrogen of the atmosphere becomes a reducing agent.
It is required that the Indium between the two articles is at least 0.2 millimetre thick, so that the advantageous malleability of the Indium is employed. Whilst the co-operating surfaces of the articles are required to be at least substantially planar, in order to ensure that there is this spacing effectively between the two articles in the completed joint, the metal article is provided with a small projection of this height, and capable of causing the major portions of the coated parts of the articles co-operating with each other to be spaced apart by this amount. Thus, when the Indium melts, the space so provided between the two articles is filled with Indium. When the Indium resolidifies, to form the required joint, the desired thickness of Indium, effectively, is between the two articles.
The joint so provided between the two articles is mechanically strong, but the effective thickness of the Indium provided therebetween, and its malleability, ensures that the joint is able to accommodate any differential thermal expansion between the materials of the articles.
An hermetic seal is provided between the two articles.
Such a method, in accordance with the present invention, of providing a joint between the two articles, is advantageous because it does not require high pressures or temperatures when being formed, and it is not required to form the joint in a vacuum furnace. Further, the complexity of the method is less than for at least some known methods of forming such joints, because the cleaning process steps employed are less complex, and the cooperating surfaces of the constituent parts of the assembly from which the joint is formed do not require any special treatments.
Various modifications of the method described above are possible.
The atmosphere in which the Indium is heated may be of any inert gas, or Nitrogen, instead of Hydrogen.
The Gold layer may be replaced by an evaporatedlayer of Silver, Indium, Aluminium or Copper. If the article upon which such a layer is provided is not likely to be damaged by the firing temperatures required, any such layer, including a Gold layer, may be provided by firing a suitable paste on the Nickel-Chromium layer.
The Silver coating may be replaced by a coating of Indium provided in an initial electroplating process step.
The joint may be between more than two articles; and the articles provided may be of more than two materials.
Such a joint may be provided in relation to articles of other materials than those described above, the materials of the articles associated with each such joint having different coefficients of thermal expansion, for example, the joint being between two glass or ceramic, or metal articles, or an article wholly of glass or ceramic material and a metal article.
However, in accordance with the present invention, it is required that at least one of the articles is coated with Silver or Indium, before providing Indium between the articles. The Silver or Indium coating may be provided in any convenient way. it may not be required that the other article, or any of the other articles, is coated before providing Indium between the articles, if the material of the other article, or articles, is wet by the Indium.

Claims (10)

1. A method of providing a joint between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion, the method including initially coating a surface of at least one of the articles with Silver or Indium, the coated surface, and a surface of each other article being required to be joined together, the co-operating surfaces being at least substantially free of impurities when providing Indium between the articles, the Indium being melted, and then resolidified, in orderto provide the required joint.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 in which the Silver or Indium coating on said at least one article is provided in an electroplating process step.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which the Silver or Indium coating is provided on a metal article.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3 in which the metal article is of a Nickel-Iron alloy.
5. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in which the other, or at least one of the other articles, is coated initially, by providing a layer of a Nickel-Chromium alloy, with a layer of Gold evaporated thereon, and at least substantially free of impurities when providing Indium between the two articles.
6. A joint between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion, when provided by a method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
7. A joint as claimed in claim 6 in which the effective thickness of the Indium between the articles is at least 0.2 millimetre.
8. A joint as claimed in claim 6 or claim 7 in which at least one of the articles is formed with a projection, or projections, arranged to ensure that the major portions of the coated parts of the articles co-operating with each other are spaced apart by an amount at least equal to the desired minimum, effective, thickness for the Indium therebetween.
9. A method of providing a joint between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion substantially as described herein with reference to the Example.
10. A joint between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion substantially as described herein with reference to the Example.
GB08308394A 1983-03-26 1983-03-26 Joints between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion Expired GB2137547B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08308394A GB2137547B (en) 1983-03-26 1983-03-26 Joints between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08308394A GB2137547B (en) 1983-03-26 1983-03-26 Joints between articles of materials of different coefficients of thermal expansion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2137547A true GB2137547A (en) 1984-10-10
GB2137547B GB2137547B (en) 1986-10-22

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB846448A (en) * 1957-12-09 1960-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Improvements in or relating to tantalum electrodes for semiconductor devices
GB937712A (en) * 1961-04-07 1963-09-25 Ericsson Telephones Ltd Electrical connections to electroluminescent panels
GB977648A (en) * 1962-01-04 1964-12-09 Corning Glass Works Flux free bonded article and method
GB987601A (en) * 1961-10-18 1965-03-31 Photocircuits Corp Printed circuit structure and method of making same
GB1468973A (en) * 1975-07-18 1977-03-30 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Microcircuit packages
GB2053763A (en) * 1979-06-08 1981-02-11 Demetron Soldering a non-solderable sputtering target to a metallic support
GB2070487A (en) * 1980-02-19 1981-09-09 Secr Defence Low Temperature Soldering
EP0089044A2 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-21 Nec Corporation A semiconductor device having a container sealed with a solder of low melting point

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB846448A (en) * 1957-12-09 1960-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Improvements in or relating to tantalum electrodes for semiconductor devices
GB937712A (en) * 1961-04-07 1963-09-25 Ericsson Telephones Ltd Electrical connections to electroluminescent panels
GB987601A (en) * 1961-10-18 1965-03-31 Photocircuits Corp Printed circuit structure and method of making same
GB977648A (en) * 1962-01-04 1964-12-09 Corning Glass Works Flux free bonded article and method
GB1468973A (en) * 1975-07-18 1977-03-30 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Microcircuit packages
GB2053763A (en) * 1979-06-08 1981-02-11 Demetron Soldering a non-solderable sputtering target to a metallic support
GB2070487A (en) * 1980-02-19 1981-09-09 Secr Defence Low Temperature Soldering
EP0089044A2 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-21 Nec Corporation A semiconductor device having a container sealed with a solder of low melting point

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2137547B (en) 1986-10-22

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732 Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee