GB2131556A - Apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2131556A GB2131556A GB08326547A GB8326547A GB2131556A GB 2131556 A GB2131556 A GB 2131556A GB 08326547 A GB08326547 A GB 08326547A GB 8326547 A GB8326547 A GB 8326547A GB 2131556 A GB2131556 A GB 2131556A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- golfclub
- supporting
- reaction force
- loading point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0078—Testing material properties on manufactured objects
- G01N33/008—Sport articles, e.g. balls, skis or rackets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft comprising: a laterally movable supporting frame (13) for fixedly supporting a golfclub (1) in its adjusted horizontal position relative to the main frame of the apparatus (18), a pressing mechanism (14) including an actuating rod (24) which is movable up and down and a pressing piece (23) mounted to the actuating rod (24) for depressing a shaft (11) of the supported golfclub (1) at a loading point (P) to forcibly bend down the shaft (11) by a predetermined distance (I), and a reaction force detecting device (15) for detecting reaction force developed in the shaft (11) at the loading point (P) when the shaft (11) is forcibly bent down by the predetermined distance (I). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft
This invention relates to improvements in an apparatus for measuring a degree of flexibility of a golfclub shaft.
With the conventional apparatus to which the invention relates, two typical models have heretofore been proposed. The first conventional model is a simpie weight-load type apparatus as illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, wherein a golfclub 1 is fixedly clamped at its grip end 10 to a supporting clamp 2, with its free end bent down by means of a constant weight 3 suspending from the club shaft 11 at a selected loading point P near the club head 9, and a section board 4 is vertically arranged at the back of the supported golfclub 1 so that the flexibility degree can be roughly recognized by eye-measurement of the curvature of the club shaft 11.
However, this conventional apparatus is not so reliable in accuracy because the eye-measurement leads to noticeable error.
On the other hand, the second conventional model is a spring-load type apparatus as illustrated in Figure 2, wherein a golfclub 1 is fixedly clamped at its grip end 10 to a supporting clamp 2, with its free end bent down by a constant spring load W applied to the club shaft 11 at a selected one of two preset loading points P near the club head 9, and a vertically extending meter board 6 is disposed in the vicinity of the club head 9 so that the flexibility degree can be measured by reading graduation on the meter board 6. The spring load W is applied to the shaft 11 by operating a lever 7 so that a pressing member 8, which is in cooperative engagement with a spring means (not shown), comes into press contact with the shaft 11 at the selected loading point P to forcibly bend it down.The selection of the two loading points is made in accordance with whether a golfclub whose flexibility degree is to be measured is a wood-type one or an iron-type one.
However, this second conventional apparatus is so designed as to permit only a limited selection of the loading points from one to the other. In other words, this apparatus does not permit the selection of the loading points in a wide range and, therefore, is not applicable to various lengths of club shafts, resulting in such a particular disadvantage that the apparatus cannot be utilized, in many cases, to determine an exact flexibility degree of each of the shafts of all the wood-type clubs or all the iron-type clubs belonging to the same club set because of the following reasons.
As is well known, a golfclub set includes a plurality of wood-type clubs such as no. 1 wood (driver), no. 2 wood (brassie), no. 3 wood (spoon), and no 4 wood (baffy), and also a plurality of irontype clubs such as no. 2 iron (midiron), no 5 iron (mashie) and no. 7 iron (pitcher). Each of all the shafts of those wood-type clubs belonging to the same set is different in length from others. More particularly, a higher number club is shorter in shaft-length than a lower number club. For example, the shaft of no. 3 wood is shorter than that of no. 1 wood and likewise, the shaft of no. 4 wood is shorter than that of no. 3 wood, as shown in Figure 3.
In manufacture, however, each of the shafts is made, in many cases, of a piece of slightly tapered bar material which is standardized in length, maximum diameter, minimum diameter, angle of taper, and material properties, and formed into a desired length by cutting away a certain predetermined length of forward end section of each material piece off the remainder section which constitutes a golfclub shaft. As a result, each of all the shafts of the wood-type clubs belonging to the same set is largest in diameter at its rearmost end and tapered down toward its foremost end, and all of these shafts are equal in maximum diameter.For instance, as illustrated in
Figure 3, the maximum diameters D1, D3 and D4 at the rearmost ends E of the shafts 11 of no. 1 wood, no. 3 wood, and no. 4 wood are all equal, and the diameters dl, d3, and d4 of the shafts 11 at the loading points P are also equal. This also goes for the case of the iron-type clubs belonging to the same set.
On the other hand, a higher number club is heavier in clubhead-weight than a lower number club, while natural frequency of a higher number club is greater than that of a lower number club, as shown in the graph of Figure 4. This is because a higher number club is shorter in shaft-length than a lower number club.
Consequently, in case where a loading point to which a predetermined load is applied is fixed, regardless of various lengths of the club shafts, accurate measurement of flexibility degree of the golfclub shafts cannot be expected.
In the second conventional apparatus of Figure 2, the loading point P is fixed and unadjustable in measurement of the same type (wood-type or iron type) of clubs, and therefore, a distance L from each shaft end E to the loading point P is always constant regardless of different lengths of the shafts 11. As a matter of course measured values (degree of flexibility) obtained by using this apparatus are all equal and useless in many cases when utilized to measure out the flexibility degree of each of the shafts of the same type clubs belonging to the same set. Further, this apparatus has such a specific disadvantage that it is not applicable to such a particular case where the highest number club is too short in shaft-length.
This is because the loading point P is adjustable only within a very limited range.
It is, therefore, an object of the invention to substantially reduce the above-discussed problems in the prior art apparatuses.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft, which is applicable to measurement of flexibility degree of various
lengths of club shafts, with desired accuracy.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft, which permits measurement of flexibility degree of club shafts of a plurality of different number clubs belonging to the same set, with desired accuracy.
According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft, comprising a supporting means for fixedly supporting a golf club for measurement at an adjusted horizontal position in accordance with its shaft length, a pressing means for depressing the fixedly supported shaft at a predetermined loading point to bend it down by a predetermined distance, a reaction force detecting means for detecting reaction force developed at the loading point when the shaft end is bent down by a certain predetermined distance, and a reaction force indication means for indicating a value of the detected reaction force.
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic front elevation showing one example of prior art apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft;
Figure 2 is a similar view to Figure 1, showing another example of prior art apparatus;
Figure 3 is a schematic representation showing a loading point on each club shaft of a plurality of different number clubs belonging to the same set;
Figure 4 is a graph showing natural frequency of each club shaft of a plurality of different number clubs belonging to the same set;
Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view illustrating one embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention; and
Figure 6 is a graph showing the result of measurement by using the apparatus shown in
Figure 5.
Referring now back to the accompanying drawings, an apparatus 1 2 for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft according to the present invention is illustrated in Figure 5 as having a supporting frame assembly 13 for fixedly supporting a golfclub 1 at an adjusted position, a pressing mechanism 14 for forcibly depressing the supported club shaft 11 to bend it down, and a
reaction force detecting device 1 5 for detecting
reaction force developed when the club shaft 11 is forcibly bent down.
The supporting frame assembly 13 includes a
clamp screw 1 6 which is adjustably engageable with a grip end 10 of the club 1 for depressing the
grip end 10 downwardly thereby to hold the club
1 in position. The frame assembly 1 3 is laterally
movabie back and forth in the directions of arrows
A, B by turning a knob 20 conventionally, so that
the forward end portion of its base 1 7 can come
into and out of a lower part of a mains frame 18 of the apparatus 12. The base 17 is adjustable to
take its exactly horizontal position by means of a
known adjustable stand 22.
The golfclub 1, fixed at its grip end 10 by the
clamp screw 16, is supported at a supporting
point 0 by a support member 19 mounted on the base 1 7 of the frame 13, so that the club shaft 11 extends horizontally in overhanging manner into the lower part of the main frame 18 of the apparatus 12. By adjusting the clamp screw 16, the club shaft 11 can take its exactly horizontal position.
The supporting frame assembly 13 has graduation 21 provided on an adequate portion thereof for the purpose of indicating a distance L between the supporting point 0 and a loading point P to which a load for depressing the shaft end is applied. The graduation 21 may be provided, for example, on the surface of the base 1 7 by cutting the marking lines therein or by placing a prepared scaie thereon. The graduation may be provided in various ways. For instance, two forms of the graduation may be separately provided for the wood-type clubs and for the irontypes clubs, if desired.
The pressing mechanism 14 includes a pressing piece 23 mounted to the lower end of an actuating rod 24 which is movable up and down within the main frame 18 in the directions of arrows C, D, by means of a suitable drive, for example a known electric motor (not shown). The pressing piece 23 is so arranged that it can depress the horizontally supported shaft 11 at the predetermined loading point P near the club head 9 in order to forcibly bend the shaft down at its free end by a certain predetermined distance I.
The electric motor may be driven by a starting switch 23 to lower the actuating rod 23 in the direction of the arrow D, so that the pressing piece 23 comes into press contact with the shaft 11 at the loading point P and makes the shaft 11 forcibly bent down by the predetermined distance I.
At the moment when the pressing piece 23 is lowered down by the predetermined distance I, the motor is stopped in operation by means of a known limit switch (not shown). Thus, the distance I is a maximum stroke of the pressing piece 23 and also the predetermined distortional distance of the club shaft 11 at the loading point P.
By means of a return switch 26, the motor is driven to raise the actuating rod 24 in the direction of the arrow C until the pressing piece 23 returns to take its original or starting position, resulting in that the shaft 11 is reieased from the depressing force imparted thereto at the loading point P and restores its original straight form by its own resiliency.
The distortional distance I may preferably be adjustable by means of a known adjusting screw 27 adapted to cooperate with the aforesaid limit switch. For instance, the adjusting screw 27 may be operatively connected with the limit switch via a suitable known connecting means, so that the limit switch can be adjustably moved in position whereby the lowermost position of the pressing piece 23, and hence the distance I, can be adjustably varied, conventionally. Incidentally, it has been proved by experiments that a value of the distance I may preferably be in the range of 50-80 mm for the wood-type clubs, while 30-40 mm for the iron-type clubs.
The reaction force detecting device 1 5 may be provided at the upper part of the main frame 18 of the apparatus 12, and includes a balance (for example a spring balance) which is operatively connected with the actuating rod 24 of the pressing mechanism 1 4. Thus, a reaction force of the shaft 11, developed when it is bent down by the distance I, is transmitted via the actuating rod 24 to the balance, and a value of the reaction force transmitted is indicated in the unit of kilogramme on a suitable indicator 28 which is disposed at a convenient location, for example in the front wall of the main frame 18. The full-scale value of the indicator 28 may preferably be in the range of 2 to 4 kg. In the illustrated embodiment, the full-scale value is 3 kg.
The flexibility degree of the golfclub shaft can be calculated from a value of the distortional distance I in view of an indicated value of the reaction force.
In operation, a golfclub 1 whose flexibility degree is to be measured is fixedly supported on the supporting frame assembly 13 by means of the clamp screw 1 6 and the support member 19, so that the club shaft 11 extends substantially horizontally in an overhanging manner, with its club head 9 directed toward the main frame 1 8 of the apparatus 12. In this stage, the overhanging free end section of the shaft 11 is in provisional contact with the pressing piece 23. By turning the knob 20, the supporting frame assembly 13 together with the club 1 carried thereon is adjustably moved in a lateral direction in order to predetermine a loading point P on the shaft 11 by measuring a distance L between the supporting point 0 and the loading point P by means of the graduation 21.The distance L, and therefore the loading point P, should be varied depending on the length of the club shaft to be measured. For instance, in case where the club is no. 3 wood, the distance L must be of such a value as suitable for measuring the flexibility degree of a shaft of a no.
3 wood.
When the loading point P is determined, the club shaft 11 is rigidly fixed in its exactly horizontal position by adjusting the clamp screw 1 6. Then, the screw 27, which is operatively connected to the limit switch, is so adjusted that the actuating rod 24, and hence the pressing piece 23, moves up and down within an adjusted stroke
I or the distortional distance of the shaft 11.
Thus, when the starting switch 25 is operated to drive the motor, the pressing piece 23 is lowered to depress the shaft 11 so that it is forcibly bent down from its original position shown in solid lines to the deformed position shown in phantom lines as illustrated in Figure 5.
A value of the reaction force indicated on the indicator 28 of the reaction force detecting device 1 5 is read at the moment when the pressing piece 23 takes its lowermost position. After the reading of the indicated value is finished, the return switch 26 is operated to drive the motor so that the
pressing piece 23 is raised up to its original
position.
Figure 6 shows an example of the measured values of the reaction forces indicated on the
indicator 28 with respect to wood-type clubs of
nos. 1, 3, 4 and iron-type clubs of nos. 3 to 9 of
each of two sets or Groups S and R of golfclubs, wherein the golfclubs of Group S are greater in
rigidity that those of Group R.
From the graph of Figure 6, it is found that, in
Group S, rigidity of no 3 wood is excessively greater than a desirable value, while, in Group R, rigidity of no. 3 wood is smaller than a desirable value. It is also found that all of the iron-type clubs of Group S are well balanced in rigidity, while, in
Group R, no. 4 iron and no. 8 iron are out of balance in rigidity. In this way, the obtained data can be utilized not only to determine the flexibility degree of golfclub shafts but also to find dispersion in rigidity of a group of clubs.
Further, the apparatus of the invention can be utilized not only for measurement of flexibility degree of a shaft of a finished golfclub but also for measurement of flexibility degree of a material shaft or rod. The apparatus can also be utilized for inspection of accuracy in flexibility degree of a shaft. Further, the apparatus can be utilized for assortment of golfclubs so that a set of different number clubs are well balanced in rigidity (or flexibility). Thus, it is possible to provide a set of clubs each having an adjusted flexibility (or rigidity) in accordance with a golfer's request. If the apparatus is installed in a retail store of golfclubs, a golfer can select at the spot a club or clubs whose rigidity is most suited to him.
In the illustrated embodiment described in the foregoing, it will be easily understood that construction of the supported frame assembly 1 3 may be modified into various forms. It is also apparent that the electric motor for driving the actuating rod 24 may be replaced by a pneumatic ora hydraulic drive, for example a combination of a cylinder and a reciprocating piston.
Further, it is also obvious that the reaction force detecting device 1 5 may be modified into a variety of forms. For example, an electronic balance may be utilized in place of a spring balance. The indicator 28 may be of an analog type or of a digital type.
According to the present invention, a distance
D between the supporting point 0 and the loading point P is selectively changeable in accordance with various lengths of the shafts, and a stroke I of the pressing piece 23, in other words, a distortional distance I of the depressed shaft 11, is selectively adjustable in accordance with mechanical properties of the shafts, resulting in that very accurate measurement of the flexibility degree of the shafts can be realized.
Claims (4)
1. An apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft, comprising a supporting means for fixedly supporting a golfclub (1) in its horizontal position, and a pressing means (14) for depressing a shaft (11) of the fixedly supported golfclub (1) at a loading point (P) to forcibly bend down the shaft (11) by a predetermined distance (I), characterized in that said supporting means is in the form of a supporting frame assembly (13) which is laterally movable back and forth with relative to a main frame (18) of the apparatus, and a reaction force detecting means (15) is provided for detecting reaction force developed in said shaft (11) at said loading point (P) when the shaft (11) is forcibly bent down by said predetermined distance (I), said reaction force detecting means (15) including an indication means (28) for indicating the detected reaction force.
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that said supporting frame assembly (13) includes a clamp screw (1 6) for depressing a grip end (10) of the golfclub (1), and a support member (19) for supporting said shaft (11) thereon at a supporting point (0) near said grip end (10), and said pressing means (14) includes a pressing piece (23) which is in contact with said shaft (11) at said loading point (P) and cooperates with said clamp screw (1 6) and said support member (19) to fixedly support said golfclub (1) in position.
3. An apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that said supporting frame assembly (13) includes graduation means (21) for determining a distance (L) between said supporting point (0) and said loading point (P).
4. An apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft, substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with reference to, and as illustrated in Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57174279A JPS5963548A (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | Measuring instrument for flexibility of club shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8326547D0 GB8326547D0 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
| GB2131556A true GB2131556A (en) | 1984-06-20 |
Family
ID=15975879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08326547A Withdrawn GB2131556A (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1983-10-04 | Apparatus for measuring flexibility degree of a golfclub shaft |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5963548A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2131556A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2148517A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1985-05-30 | Ruth Langer | Checking the loading capacity of flooring parts for scaffolding |
| GB2181258A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-15 | Mdg Crest Limited | Apparatus for testing welded joints between plastics profiled frame members |
| FR2997188A1 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-04-25 | Safran | Method for characterizing adhesion of ice layer on turbopropeller blade under aeronautical conditions, involves carrying out mechanical test for characterization of adhesion of ice layer on blade in cooled test vein |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2562308Y2 (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1998-02-10 | 起夫 西田 | Metal scourer |
| CN107084654A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-22 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of radome slow test load(ing) point determines method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB644381A (en) * | 1947-05-16 | 1950-10-11 | Charles William Glover | Beam testing machines |
| GB756790A (en) * | 1953-06-08 | 1956-09-12 | Mironoff Nicolas | Improvements in or relating to a universal apparatus for testing the mechanical properties of metals by alternative bending of a test piece |
| GB1015222A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1965-12-31 | Nat Res Dev | Grading of timber |
| GB1370530A (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1974-10-16 | Toft K H | Testing crush barriers |
-
1982
- 1982-10-04 JP JP57174279A patent/JPS5963548A/en active Pending
-
1983
- 1983-10-04 GB GB08326547A patent/GB2131556A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB644381A (en) * | 1947-05-16 | 1950-10-11 | Charles William Glover | Beam testing machines |
| GB756790A (en) * | 1953-06-08 | 1956-09-12 | Mironoff Nicolas | Improvements in or relating to a universal apparatus for testing the mechanical properties of metals by alternative bending of a test piece |
| GB1015222A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1965-12-31 | Nat Res Dev | Grading of timber |
| GB1370530A (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1974-10-16 | Toft K H | Testing crush barriers |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2148517A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1985-05-30 | Ruth Langer | Checking the loading capacity of flooring parts for scaffolding |
| GB2181258A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-15 | Mdg Crest Limited | Apparatus for testing welded joints between plastics profiled frame members |
| GB2181258B (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1989-09-20 | Mdg Crest Limited | Apparatus for testing welded joints between plastics profiled frame members |
| FR2997188A1 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-04-25 | Safran | Method for characterizing adhesion of ice layer on turbopropeller blade under aeronautical conditions, involves carrying out mechanical test for characterization of adhesion of ice layer on blade in cooled test vein |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5963548A (en) | 1984-04-11 |
| GB8326547D0 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |