GB2130524A - Collapsible structure and method of using such a structure - Google Patents
Collapsible structure and method of using such a structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2130524A GB2130524A GB08310696A GB8310696A GB2130524A GB 2130524 A GB2130524 A GB 2130524A GB 08310696 A GB08310696 A GB 08310696A GB 8310696 A GB8310696 A GB 8310696A GB 2130524 A GB2130524 A GB 2130524A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- collapsible
- membrane
- building
- coating
- collapsible structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000717 Visqueen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
- E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
- E04C2/365—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels by honeycomb structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/60—In a particular environment
- B32B2309/68—Vacuum
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A collapsible structure comprises a separating arrangement (3) collapsible under a predetermined pressure sandwiched between two sheets (1, 2) of material, the collapsible structure being surrounded on all sides by a moisture proof membrane (8) so that moisture is prevented from entering the collapsible structure. The invention also includes a method of building using such a structure. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Collapsible structure and method of using such a structure
This invention relates to a collapsible strcture which is suitable for use in building construction and to a mehod of building using such a structure.
With present day building methods and in particular the construction of concrete structures at substantially ground level, and below, problems have occurred as a result of ground movement due to the occurrence of moisture in the soil and this is particularly noticeable where the concrete is being laid in or on soils which are predominantly of a clay nature. In this case, the problem which arises depends upon the fact that the clay will swell when moisture is introduced and will shrink when moisture is removed. With clay situated under a house or other building, the difference in level between dry clay and wet clay may be as much as 30 mm.
Such a variation in ground level can have very serious effects on any structure which is laid directly thereon or therein and can cause severe damage not only to the structure itself, but to any other building parts which are supported thereby.
Various proposals have been made for overcoming this problem in the sense that ways have been found to arrange a cast structure so that there is, in the final article, a void or a collapsible structure surrounding the cast material so as to take up the expansion and/or contraction of the surrounding soil without there being any danger of action taking place on the structure itself.
One such proposal which has been highly satisfactory is the provision of the structure which is relatively rigid when dry but which collapses when reached by moisture.
Nevertheless, this type of collapsible structure is not altogether suitable for a number of applications since either early disintegration may not be desired or because, due to the surrounding conditions at the time of use, disintegration sets in before the case work has become properly set.
The present invention seeks to provide a structure which will enable the satisfactory use of casting techniques for casting concrete in situ under many circumstances.
According to the invention there is provided a collapsible structure comprising a separating arrangement collapsible under a predetermined pressure sandwiched between two sheets of material, the collapsible structure being surrounded on all sides by a moisture proof membrane so that moisture is prevented from entering the collapsible structure.
The material of the membrane may be a non-liquid degradable plastics material such as polythene sheeting which may form a closed bag around the structure. However, the entire exterior of the collapsible structure may be coated with a coating of an insoluble material.
The invention also includes a method of building using such a structure.
The invention will now be described, in greater detail by way of example with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view partly broken away of part of a collapsible structure in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the collapsible structure in accordance with Fig. 1;
Figure 3 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2 in which a collapsible structure is shown coated with a water insoluble plastics material;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the use of a collapsible structure as shown in
Figs. 1 to 3 in use in building construction.
Referring firstly to Fig. 1, a collapsible structure comprises two sheets 1 and 2 of a suitable rigid material such as chipboard, composition board, hardboard or the like separated by a separating arrangement or separator 3 in the form of a honeycomb of paper of cardboard, particularly of regenerated cardboard. The outer sheets 1 and 2 may suitably be glued to the separator 3. Fig. 2 shows the structure of Fig. 1 in a sectional view in which the entire structure is entirely covered with an impermeable and non-liquid destructible plastics material 8, e.g. polythene sheet wrapped around the structure. Such a sheeting may be that sold under the registered trade mark VISQUEEN. The covering sheet prevents there being any access of moisture to the structure when the structure is laid, particularly in wet conditions.
Fig. 3 shows a second form of colllapsible structure in which the main structure is constructed in the same way as Figs. 1 and 2.
However, in this case the wrap around feature of the plastics sheet 8 is not present. In the case of the embodiment of Fig. 3, the entire structure, when completed, is provided with an impermeable coating 10 which is impermeable to water and is not attacked thereby.
Fig. 4 shows diagrammatically the use of the structure in producing a building. As will be seen from this Figure, after the area in which the collapsible structure is to be used is prepared, the collapsible structure 11 is laid on or in the ground 1 2 to provide a structure on top of which or into which concrete can be poured. Thus the desired construction can be produced by either laying concrete on top of the collapsible structure 11 where a horizontal construction 1 7 is to be produced or the collapsible structure 11 may be used vertically for example in trenches as shuttering e.g. for foundations 18. (Of course any other orientation of the collapsible structure is possible).
Having regard to the nature of the collapsi ble structure itself, it will be appreciated that for it to function adequately, the strength of the structure is critical though over a fairly large range. Thus it is necessary, if the soil in which the structure is being used expands, for the collapsible structure to collapse before causing any damage to the building structure thereabove or adjacent thereto.Where, for example, the collapsible structure is being used underneath a floor, not only is it essential that the force P, per unit area exerted by rising of the soil shall not be sufficient to cause the concrete slab of the floor to break up (i.e. sum of P, must not be greater than the force P3 per unit area at which the floor will break up) but equally the pressure transmitted to floor must not be sufficient raise the floor from its anchoring points at its edges, i.e. the sum of P, must not be greater than the sum of P2-the anchoring forces and P4-the weight of the floor) and thus destroy the building as a whole.However, since, to use the present invention, the stressing which the collapsible structure is called upon to support during the building operation must always be considerably less than the stresses required to break up the structure which it is supporting, the strength of the collapsible material can be such that it will always collapse before sufficient force can be transmitted to the building structure to cause serious damage. Thus, the stress resistance of the collapsible structure must be greater than the stresses covered by P4 in order to support the casting operation but must be less than the stress needed to overcome the sum of P2 and P4 and also less than the stress needed to overcome P3 to prevent damage to the building.
Similar considerations apply to the use of the structure in vertical or inclined positions and it will also be appreciated that the collapsible structure can be used to take movements of adjacent materials, other than movements of the soil, if required.
It will be understood that various modifico- tions may be made to the above described embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, the wrapping material can be of any suitable material provided that it is impervious and indestructable by water or any other liquid which it is desired to keep out of the structure. While it is useful to have the material transparent so that the product can be inspected before laying, transparency is not essential to the invention. In the case of the second embodiment, transparency is no longer of assistance since the coating clings directly to the structure and the structure can thus be inspected for defects without the need to see through the coating. Various methods of applying the coating may be used in addition to dipping.
For example, vacuum shrinkage of sheet ma
terial on to the structure could be used.
Spraying is another possibility provided that a
continuous coating is formed.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that the
invention provides, in its specific embodi
ments, a collapsible structure for use in build
ing which can be used in many applications to
take up movement of surrounding material
whether in wet or dry conditions.
Claims (12)
1. A collapsible structure comprising a
supporting arrangement collapsible under a
predermined pressure sandwiched between
two sheets of material, the collapsible struc
ture being surrounded on all sides by a mois
ture proof membrane so that moisture is pre
vented from entering the collapsible structure.
2. A structure as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the membrane comprises a non liquid
degradable plastics material.
3. A structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
wherein the membrane comprises sheet ma
terial forming a closed bag around the structure.
4. A structure as claimed in claim 1, 2 or
3, wherein the membrane comprises polyth
ene sheeting.
5. A structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
wherein the collapsible structure is coated
with an insoluble material.
6. A structure as claimed in claim 5,
wherein the coating is a plastics material.
7. A structure as claimed in claim 5 or 6
wherein the collapsible structure is dipped
into a liquid which when set forms an insol
uble coating.
8. A collapsible structure as claimed in
claim 1 or 2, wherein the membrane is
formed by vacuum shrinking sheet material on
to the collapsible membrane.
9. A structure as claimed in claim 4 or 5,
wherein the structure is sprayed with a liquid
which when set forms an insoluble coating.
to. A collapsible structure substantially as
described herein with reference to the draw
ings.
11. A method of building comprising
forming shuttering and/or support surfaces
from boards of a structure as claimed in any
one of claims 1 to 10 and casting concrete
into the construction so formed.
12. A method of building substantially as
described herein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08310696A GB2130524B (en) | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-20 | Collapsible structure and method of using such a structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8211449 | 1982-04-21 | ||
| GB08310696A GB2130524B (en) | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-20 | Collapsible structure and method of using such a structure |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8310696D0 GB8310696D0 (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| GB2130524A true GB2130524A (en) | 1984-06-06 |
| GB2130524B GB2130524B (en) | 1986-04-03 |
Family
ID=26282600
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08310696A Expired GB2130524B (en) | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-20 | Collapsible structure and method of using such a structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2130524B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2183282A (en) * | 1985-11-14 | 1987-06-03 | Jeffrey Charles Arthur Forkes | Building element |
| GB2186313A (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1987-08-12 | Dufaylite Dev Ltd | Spacing components usable as temporary formwork for casting concrete |
| GB2206637A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-11 | Cordek Ltd | Collapsible shuttering to absorb ground heave |
| GB2241976A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1991-09-18 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering for use in casting slabs or beams |
| WO1992014004A1 (en) * | 1991-02-12 | 1992-08-20 | Robert Michael Sloma | Building method and apparatus |
| WO1995025646A1 (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-28 | Besin B.V. | Honeycomb structure for crash protection structures |
| GB2486723A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-27 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1031301A (en) * | 1963-02-01 | 1966-06-02 | Bayer Ag | Building and structural elements based on synthetic plastic materials |
| GB1354172A (en) * | 1971-07-20 | 1974-06-05 | Monsanto Chemicals | Plastics materials |
| GB1410910A (en) * | 1971-09-30 | 1975-10-22 | Bpb Industries Ltd | Treatment of wood-wool slabs |
| GB1429657A (en) * | 1973-06-25 | 1976-03-24 | Monsanto Ltd | Insulation materials |
| GB2055620A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-03-11 | Dribond Roofing Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to building panels |
| GB2064989A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-06-24 | Statens Skogsind Ab | Tongue and groove particle board |
| GB2084511A (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1982-04-15 | Dillon Edward | Building material |
-
1983
- 1983-04-20 GB GB08310696A patent/GB2130524B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1031301A (en) * | 1963-02-01 | 1966-06-02 | Bayer Ag | Building and structural elements based on synthetic plastic materials |
| GB1354172A (en) * | 1971-07-20 | 1974-06-05 | Monsanto Chemicals | Plastics materials |
| GB1410910A (en) * | 1971-09-30 | 1975-10-22 | Bpb Industries Ltd | Treatment of wood-wool slabs |
| GB1429657A (en) * | 1973-06-25 | 1976-03-24 | Monsanto Ltd | Insulation materials |
| GB2055620A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-03-11 | Dribond Roofing Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to building panels |
| GB2064989A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-06-24 | Statens Skogsind Ab | Tongue and groove particle board |
| GB2084511A (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1982-04-15 | Dillon Edward | Building material |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2183282A (en) * | 1985-11-14 | 1987-06-03 | Jeffrey Charles Arthur Forkes | Building element |
| GB2186313B (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1989-11-01 | Dufaylite Dev Ltd | Spacing components |
| GB2186313A (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1987-08-12 | Dufaylite Dev Ltd | Spacing components usable as temporary formwork for casting concrete |
| GB2206637B (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1992-01-08 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering for use in casting slabs or beams |
| GB2241976A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1991-09-18 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering for use in casting slabs or beams |
| GB2241976B (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1992-01-08 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering for use in casting slabs or beams |
| GB2206637A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-11 | Cordek Ltd | Collapsible shuttering to absorb ground heave |
| WO1992014004A1 (en) * | 1991-02-12 | 1992-08-20 | Robert Michael Sloma | Building method and apparatus |
| US5426896A (en) * | 1991-02-12 | 1995-06-27 | Void Formers Limited | Building method and apparatus |
| WO1995025646A1 (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-28 | Besin B.V. | Honeycomb structure for crash protection structures |
| NL9400461A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-11-01 | Besin Bv | Honeycomb construction for impact protection structures. |
| EP0940297A3 (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1999-09-29 | Besin B.V. | Honeycomb structure for crash protection structures |
| GB2486723A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-27 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering |
| GB2486723B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2017-08-23 | Cordek Ltd | Shuttering |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8310696D0 (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| GB2130524B (en) | 1986-04-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20030419 |