GB2128696A - Brake-booster master cylinder arrangement - Google Patents

Brake-booster master cylinder arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2128696A
GB2128696A GB08322872A GB8322872A GB2128696A GB 2128696 A GB2128696 A GB 2128696A GB 08322872 A GB08322872 A GB 08322872A GB 8322872 A GB8322872 A GB 8322872A GB 2128696 A GB2128696 A GB 2128696A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
booster
master
brake
ofthe
cylinder arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08322872A
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GB8322872D0 (en
GB2128696B (en
Inventor
Gruenberg Hubertus Von
Peter Boehm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co oHG
Original Assignee
Alfred Teves GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfred Teves GmbH filed Critical Alfred Teves GmbH
Publication of GB8322872D0 publication Critical patent/GB8322872D0/en
Publication of GB2128696A publication Critical patent/GB2128696A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2128696B publication Critical patent/GB2128696B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/46Vacuum systems
    • B60T13/52Vacuum systems indirect, i.e. vacuum booster units
    • B60T13/567Vacuum systems indirect, i.e. vacuum booster units characterised by constructional features of the casing or by its strengthening or mounting arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/46Vacuum systems
    • B60T13/52Vacuum systems indirect, i.e. vacuum booster units
    • B60T13/565Vacuum systems indirect, i.e. vacuum booster units characterised by being associated with master cylinders, e.g. integrally formed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement (1,2) for an automotive vehicle comprises a master cylinder (2) seated in an opening (30) of the booster housing (4,5) and (4,5), secured to a wall (3) of a vehicle by means of a single retaining element (38) acting on the master cylinder (2) and in order to achieve an arrangement as light-weight and, structurally, as simple as possible and hardly prone to disturbances the retaining element (38) is passed outside around the booster housing (4,5) and no further connecting elements are provided between the master cylinder (2) and the booster housing (4,5). Alternatively (Fig. 6) the master cylinder and booster are held against the fire wall (3) by a single bolt (65) mounted in a bracket (63) and engaging the end of the master cylinder. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Brake-booster master cylinder arrangement This invention relates to a brake-booster master cylinderarrangementforan automotive vehicle of the kind having a booster housing, a partition wall arranged axially movably in the booster housing and dividing the booster housing into a vacuum chamber and a working chamber, and a master cylinder seated in an opening ofthe booster housing and, via the booster housing, clamped to a wall of a vehicle by means of a clamping device acting on the master cylinder and comprising at least one clamping element.
In the case of vacuum brake boostersforautomotive vehicles, the master brake cylinder is attached to one frontsideofthe boosterhousingwhiletheotherfront side is fastened to the automotive vehicle, preferably atthe splash wall. The braking forcestransmitted to the actuating piston of the master brake cylinder during braking must again be transmitted as reaction forces from the master brake cylinderto the point of attachment to the automotive vehicle. In view ofthe transmission of these relatively great tensile forces via the booster housing, the vacuum housing used to be relatively thick-walled which, however, was in opposi tiontothegeneral aim of effecting a weight reduction ofthe brake booster.
By means of a brake-booster master cylinder arrangement of the kind referred to above and as known from the German laid-open print (DE-OS) No.
2830262 itwas possible to achieve a considerable weight reduction, resulting from a thin-walled construction ofthe housing, due to the fact that the tensile forces are transmitted via separate clamping elements which, via the booster housing, clamp the master cylinder seated in a front side opening of the booster housing to a wall of a vehicle. As in this arrangement the clamping elements are passed through the booster housing and the partition wall, this requires a relatively large constructional effortfor sealing which also means a potential source of trouble. Further, the costs of manufacture of this relatively voluminous design are high.
Thus it is an object of this invention to provide a brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement which enablesweightsavingsofthe order of magnitude of the known arrangements with internal force transmission,yet is less voluminous as far as its construction is concerned and thus less prone to disturbances, and the manufacture of which is less expensive.
Accordingtotheinvention in its broadestaspect, a brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement of the kind referred to is characterised in that the clamping element is passedoutsidearoundthe booster housing and in that no further connecting elements are provided between the master cylinder and the booster housing.
Thanks to the inventive solutions it is advantageously provided that, on the one hand, brake booster and master cylinder will be kepttogether and fastened jointlytothe vehicle and that, on the other hand, thetensileforceswill be taken up which will result form thefastening forces. There will only have to be a suitably stable dimensioning ofthe brake booster in respect ofthe ensuing vacuum forces.
There will not be required any screwed connections between master cylinder and brake booster, on the one hand, and between brake booster and vehicle wall, on the other hand, as provided in the known arrangements. As likewise, internal clamping devices such as tie rods etc., are not provided, this will result in a significant weight-saving.
An advantageous embodiment of this invention provides that at least one tightening strap will be used as the clamping element. The clamping elementwill expediently be passed around the front side ofthe master cylinder which, to this end, is provided with a recess four receiving and holding the clamping element.
Thefasteningofthevehiclewill be effected ina simple and expedient way by passing the tightening strap through openings inthewall ofthevehicle and by fastening it by holding elements behindthe wall of the vehicle on the side ofthe brake pedal. In order to tighten the clamping element, the latter may be provided with an adjustable tightening means, one of the holding elements expediently being adjustable for tightening.
This may be effected in a simple manner by means of a rotatable pin around which the clamping element is wound.
The non-adjustable holding element mayadvantageously be designed as a simple pin passed through a loop of the clamping element and supported at the wall ofthevehicle.
Another advantageous embodiment ofthe invention provides that the tightening means ofthe clamping element is arranged atthefrontside ofthe master cylinder. In particular, two tightening straps may be provided.
For guiding and holding the clamping elements, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is possible to provide the booster housing with grooves and to reduce thereby a force deviation through the clamping elements.
In another inventive solution featuring a tensioning block attached to the vehicle. thetensioning block will expediently be provided with an adjustabletightening means, in particular with a set screw.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided thatthe wall of the vehicle provided forthe fastening ofthe brake booster has reinforcing elements in the area offastening of the booster housing and ofthe clamping device.
In a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention it is provided thatthe housing ofthe master cylinder and the housing shell facing the latter are constructed in one piece.
Embodiments ofthe invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. lisa top view of a brake-booster mastercylinder arrangement attached to a splash wall of a vehicle; Fig. 2 is a partial front view ofthe booster housing with a recess receiving a clamping element, as seen in direction X; Fig. 3 is a top view of the end part ofthe master cylinder with a recessforguiding and holding a clamping element; Fig. 4 is a front view of a holding element as seen in the direction Y; Fig. 5 is a partial top view of an arrangement with no tightening straps and an adjustable tightening means provided at the master cylinder;; Fig. is a side view of another brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement fastened to a spash wall of a vehicle.
Atfirst, reference will be made to Figs. 1 - 4 showing a brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement with a brake booster 1 fastened to a splash wall 3 of an automotive vehicle and with a tandem master cylinder 2.
The brake booster 1 has a booster housing formed bytwo housing shells 4,5. Housing shell 4 has a front end wall essentially running in parallel with splash wall 3 and passing over into a conical wall section 7. A vacuum port 8 is provided in the conical wall section 7.
The conical wall section 7 is followed by a cylindrical wall section 9 ending with a flange 10 The cylindrical wall section 9 of the housing shell 4 preferably extends axially and directly up to the splash wall 3 of the vehicle. Thus, it is possible to supportthe vacuum forces directly atthe splash wall 3,the connection of the housing shells 4, not being stressed bythese forces, which enables a further wall thickness reduc= tion and hence a weight saving. The wall thickness o: the housing shells e.g. constructed in steel is so rated asto exclude an implosion upon evacuation.
The housing shell 5 facing the splash wali 3 likewis has a flange 11 arranged opposite the flange 10.
Bordering upon flange 11 is a beaded section 12, passing over into a conical wall section 13. The conical wall section 13 ends at a rear end wall 14 running in parallel with the front end wall 6.
Insidethe booster housing there is an axially movable wall 15 dividing the interior space into a working chamber 16 and a vacuum chamber 17. The axially movable wall 15 consists of a diaphragm plate 18 deep-drawn from sheet metal and of a flexible diaphragm 19 resting at diaphragm plate 18 and forming a rolling diaphragm 20 between the outside circumference ofthe diaphragm plate 18 and the cylindrical wall section 9, the rolling diaphragm 20 acting as seal.
A control valve 22 operable by a piston rod 21 has a control valve piston 23 connected with piston rod 21 and releasing valve openings in a control valve housing 24 in such a mannerthat, in the non-operated position represented in Fig. 1, the working chamber 16 communicateswiththevacuum chamber 17 via ventilation channels 25 extending laterially in the valve housing 24 and ending on the front side at the circumference ofthe control valve housing 24. Upon actuation ofthe control valve 22, i.e. upon axial displacement of the piston rod 21 by a brake pedal (not shown), there will be an interruption ofthe communication from the vacuum chamber 17 to the working chamber 16. The working chamber 16 will have communication with the atmosphere, the movable wall 1 5 thus moving towards the vacuum chamber 17.
The braking force will be transmitted to an actuating piston ofthe mastercylinder2via an elastic rubber reaction disk 26 received in a front-side recess ofthe control valve housing 24 and via a push rod 27 having a head 28. A compression spring 29 keeps the movable wall 15 in the illustrated initial position.
The tandem master cylinder 2 is seated in a central opening 30 of the front end wall 6 of the brake booster, resting with a flanged part 31 illustrated in the upper part of Fig. 1 atthe outside ofthefront end wall 6. A cylindrical section 32 of the tandem master cylinder 2 extends in a tubular end section 33 ofthe front end wall 6. A ring seal 35 is provided in a groove 34 provided in the cylindrical section 32. The ring seal 35 rests at a conical surface 36 of the end section 33, at the sametime forming a transit security device. Inside the brake booster a reinforcement 37 rests atthe front end wall 6.
A clamping element 38 in the form of a tightening strap is placed around the front side 39 ofthe tandem master cylinder 2. To this end, the tandem master cylinder 2 has a recess 40 into which the clamping element is inserted. Proceeding from the front side 39, sections 41,42 ofthe clamping element 38 extend at an angle overthe circumferential edge 43 of the housing shell 4 in indentations44, in in the cylindrical wall portion 9ofthe housing shell 5toopenings46,47 in the splash wall 3. The ends 48, 49 of the clamping eiement 38 are passed Phrough the openings 46,47 and held by means of holding elements 50, 51 atthe splash wall 3 ofthe vehicle or rather at partial reinforcements 52, 53 in these areas.The reinforcements 52, 53 may also expediently be constructed in one piece as surrounding reinforcing ring. The holding element 50 is adjustable. To this end, it has a rotatable pin 54 around which the end 48 ofthe clamping element 38 is wound. The other holding element 51 is formed by a pin 55 inserted into a loop 56 ofthe clamping element 38. In one embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the lower part of Fig. 1, the housing of the tandem master cylinder2 is constructed in one piece togetherwith the housing shell 4.
In afurtherembodiment itis provided thatthe housing shell 5 informed bythe splash wall 3 of the vehicle.
In Fig. 5 another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in whichtwo tightening straps 57, 58 are provided, one end (not shown) of each being fastened to the splash wall and their other ends being connected and held by means of an adjustable tightening means59atthefrontsideofthemaster cylinder 2. The attachment (notshown) ofthe ends of the tightening straps 57,58 to the splash wall may e.g.
be effected in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4.
However, it is also possible to use ways of attachment in which attachment is performed from the booster side ofthe splash wall. It is possible to provide a screw as the tightening means, the ends of the tightening straps 57, 58 being wound around the stem ofthe screw and being secured against twisting after the tightening action.
The brake booster 61 illustrated in Fig. 6 essentially correspondsto that of Figs. 1 to 4so far as its structure and operation are concerned. The same applies to the tandem master cylinder 62 of Fig. 6. As far as the parts are identical they have been assigned the same reference numerals in Figs. I to 6. As regards the brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4the solution illustrated in Fig. 6 differs only in the way of clamping. The clamping arrangement of Fig. 6 has a tensioning block 63 rigidly connected with a vehicular element 64. Arranged at the tensioning block 63 is an adjusting device in the form of a set screw 65 which may be secured by a lock nut 66. With the end its stem 67 the set screw 65 presses againstthe front side 68 of the tandem master cylinder 62.

Claims (19)

1. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement for an automotive vehicle ofthe kind having a booster housing, a partition wall arranged axially movably in the booster housing and dividing the booster housing into a vacuum chamber and a working chamber, and a mastercylinderseated in an opening ofthe booster housing and, via the booster housing, clamped to a wall of a vehicle by means of a clamping device acting on the master cylinder and comprising at least one clamping element, characterised in thatthe clamping element (38) is passed outside around the booster housing (4,5) and in that no further connecting elements are provided between the master cylinder (2) and the booster housing (4,5).
2. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterised in thatthe clamping element (38) is a tightening strap.
3. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or in claim 2, characterised in that the clamping element (38) is passed aroundthefront side (39) of the master cylinder (2).
4. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterised in thatthefront side (39) of the master cylinder (2) has a recess (40) for receiving and mounting the clamping element (38).
5. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in thatthe clamping element (38) is passed through openings (46,47) inthewall (3) of the vehicle and is fastened by holding elements (50,51) arranged behind the wall of the vehicle on the side of the brake pedal.
6. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims, characterised in that the clamping element (38) has an adjustable tightening means (54).
7. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that at least one ofthe holding elements (50) is adjustablefortightening.
8. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 7, characterised in thatthe adjustable holding element (50) has a rotatable pin (54) around which the clamping element (38) is wound.
9. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 7 or8, characterised in that the non-adjustable holding element (51) is a pin (55) passed through a loop (56) ofthe clamping element (38) and supported at the wall ofthe vehicle.
10. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in thatthetightening means of the clamping element (38) is provided on thefront side (39) ofthe master cylinder (2).
11. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 2to 10, characterised inthattwotightening straps(57,58) are provided, one end of each being fastened at the wall (3) of the vehicle and their other ends being fastened by means of an adjustable tightening means (59) atthe master cylinder (2).
12. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims, characterised in thatthe clamping element (63) is a tensioning block rigidly fixed to the vehicle.
13. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 12, characterised in thatthe tensioning block (63) has an adjustable tightening means (65,66).
14. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 13, characterised inthatthe tightening means has a setscrew (65).
15. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims, characterised inthatthewall (3) ofthevehicle has reinforcing elements (52,53) in the area offastening of the booster housing (4,5) and of the clamping device.
16. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in claim 15, characterised in that the reinforcing elements (52,53) have the design of a surrounding reinforcing ring.
17. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims, characterised in that the housing ofthe master cylinder (2) and the housing shell (4) ofthe booster housing facing the master cylinder housing are constructed in one piece.
18. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims, on the side ofthe master cylinderthe booster housing having a housing shell with a cylindrical wall section, characterised in thatthe cylindrical wall section (9) is passed upto the wall (3) ofthevehicle.
19. A brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB08322872A 1982-10-14 1983-08-25 Brake-booster master cylinder arrangement Expired GB2128696B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823238031 DE3238031A1 (en) 1982-10-14 1982-10-14 BRAKE POWER AMPLIFIER MAIN CYLINDER ARRANGEMENT FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8322872D0 GB8322872D0 (en) 1983-09-28
GB2128696A true GB2128696A (en) 1984-05-02
GB2128696B GB2128696B (en) 1986-06-11

Family

ID=6175667

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08322872A Expired GB2128696B (en) 1982-10-14 1983-08-25 Brake-booster master cylinder arrangement
GB08516862A Expired GB2159900B (en) 1982-10-14 1985-07-03 Brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08516862A Expired GB2159900B (en) 1982-10-14 1985-07-03 Brake-booster master-cylinder arrangement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3238031A1 (en)
ES (1) ES274940Y (en)
FR (1) FR2534539B1 (en)
GB (2) GB2128696B (en)
IT (1) IT1172426B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2566354A1 (en) * 1984-06-22 1985-12-27 Teves Gmbh Alfred BRAKING UNIT FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
GB2194008A (en) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-24 Teves Gmbh Alfred Automotive vehicle braking device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3420896A1 (en) * 1984-06-05 1985-12-05 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Mount for a mechanically actuated brake device
JPH0449022Y2 (en) * 1986-08-29 1992-11-18
DE3930240A1 (en) * 1988-10-22 1990-04-26 Teves Gmbh Alfred Vacuum operated brake servo - has thrust rod located in support sleeve to reduce risk of damage to valve

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2070171A (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-09-03 Aisin Seiki Brake servo assembly

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FR624007A (en) * 1925-11-25 1927-07-06 Improvements to motive force actuators
US2814419A (en) * 1954-08-04 1957-11-26 Lipman Elmer Liquid dispenser
US3203495A (en) * 1961-03-16 1965-08-31 Lindberg Nils Einar Weight-recording weighing machines
US3359869A (en) * 1961-03-21 1967-12-26 Royal Industries Fluid operated brake
US3203496A (en) * 1963-07-24 1965-08-31 Sperry Rand Corp Weighing head for weighing machine and method
JPS5642138Y2 (en) * 1977-07-09 1981-10-02
GB2001403B (en) * 1977-07-20 1982-01-27 Girling Midland Ross Air Act Master cylinder and actuator assemblies
DE2814372C2 (en) * 1978-04-04 1986-04-24 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Mechanically controlled braking device for a motor vehicle
DE2814419C2 (en) * 1978-04-04 1986-04-10 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Mechanically controlled braking device for a motor vehicle
FR2476574A1 (en) * 1980-02-22 1981-08-28 Dba BRAKE ASSIST SERVOMOTOR WITH LOW STRUCTURE
DE3010684A1 (en) * 1980-03-20 1981-09-24 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt BRAKE POWER AMPLIFIER FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
DE3203496A1 (en) * 1982-02-03 1983-08-04 FAG Kugelfischer Georg Schäfer & Co, 8720 Schweinfurt DEVICE FOR FASTENING A BRAKE AMPLIFIER AND A MAIN BRAKE CYLINDER

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2070171A (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-09-03 Aisin Seiki Brake servo assembly

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2566354A1 (en) * 1984-06-22 1985-12-27 Teves Gmbh Alfred BRAKING UNIT FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
GB2194008A (en) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-24 Teves Gmbh Alfred Automotive vehicle braking device
US4819996A (en) * 1986-07-30 1989-04-11 Alfred Teves Gmbh Automotive vehicle braking device
GB2194008B (en) * 1986-07-30 1990-08-15 Teves Gmbh Alfred Automotive vehicle braking device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES274940U (en) 1984-04-16
DE3238031A1 (en) 1984-04-19
ES274940Y (en) 1984-12-01
GB8516862D0 (en) 1985-08-07
FR2534539B1 (en) 1985-09-27
IT8323264A0 (en) 1983-10-12
IT1172426B (en) 1987-06-18
GB8322872D0 (en) 1983-09-28
GB2159900A (en) 1985-12-11
IT8323264A1 (en) 1985-04-12
GB2159900B (en) 1986-06-11
FR2534539A1 (en) 1984-04-20
GB2128696B (en) 1986-06-11

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