GB2123309A - Tube filter - Google Patents
Tube filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2123309A GB2123309A GB08219529A GB8219529A GB2123309A GB 2123309 A GB2123309 A GB 2123309A GB 08219529 A GB08219529 A GB 08219529A GB 8219529 A GB8219529 A GB 8219529A GB 2123309 A GB2123309 A GB 2123309A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- tube
- support member
- support element
- filter according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021463 dry cake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
- B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/04—Supports for the filtering elements
- B01D2201/043—Filter tubes connected to plates
- B01D2201/0446—Filter tubes connected to plates suspended from plates at the upper side of the filter elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/70—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/76—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
- B01D29/78—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for washing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/76—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
- B01D29/80—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying
- B01D29/84—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A filter has one or more non-rigid filter tubes (3), preferably of braided wire, each attached at one end to a fixed tube plate (2, 6) and having an internal support tube or rod (9) attached thereto at the other end. The tube or rod (9) has a passage (10) for the removal of filtrate. Relative axial movement of the tube or rod (9) and the support element (2, 6), for example by hydraulic or pneumatic rams (16, 17), causes flexing of the filter tube, and removes accumulated filter cake. The filter is especially useful for aggressive environments, such as the high temperature filtration of coal extracts. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improved tube filter
This invention concerns an improved tube filter, more especially it concerns a filter in which the filter surface is a flexible tube.
United Kingdom Patent Specification No. 942,492 describes a tube filter or candle filter whose filtering walls are composed of wire and are adapted to perform a "breathing" movement in response to pressure change across the wall. That is, a braided wire sleeve is supported on an internal spring coil, and when the filter cake has built up on the outside of the sleeve, back-washing causes the sleeve to expand and individual wires or groups of wires to move, resulting in the filter cake breaking up and falling to the bottom of the filter vessel, wherefrom it is removed as a sludge. Such filters were commercialised, but the firm concerned has gone out of business.
It is an aim of the present invention to improve such flexible wall tube filters, especially since the construction described in the patent and used in the commercial filters did not lend itself to use under more exacting conditions. In particular, the construction was limited to a relatively low pressure drop across the tube wall during filtering; the higher the pressure, the more expensive the spring which had to be used. Moreover, whatever the form or strength of the spring, it was found that if the pressure drop exceeded about 25 psi, about 1.72 x 105Pa the flexible wall would deform into the interstices of the helix and penetration of the cake into filtrate would occur.In addition, there is a problem that if the slurry to be filtered is at high temperatures, the materials employed are totally inadequate, and in particular springs capable of withstanding high temperatures are extremely expensive and the cost of the filter is prohibitive.
The present invention provides a filter having a body and comprising one or more non-rigid filter tubes constructed of filamentary material each tube being firmly attached at an outlet end to a support element and carrying a substantially rigid internal rod or tube support member which is firmly attached to the other end of the filter tube, whereby relative movement between the support element and the support member causes movement of the filter tube to remove accumulated filter cake. Preferably, the support element is a plate rigidly connected to the body of the filter.
The support member may be a rod or tube and may contain one or more bores, passageways, to convey filtrate to a point from which it is removed from the filter. The outer wall surface of the support member, which will be in contact with the filter tube under normal conditions of filtration may be provided with grooves, which may be longitudinal or helical, or a combination thereof, to carry filtrate to the bore or bores by means of which the filtrate is conveyed out of the filter.There are many possible constructions which give passages for the movement of filtrate, for example there may be a perforated sleeve mounted between the support member and the filter tube, or there may be several filtrate collection points with radial bores to a main longitudinal passage, but it is necessary to provide adequate support to the filter tube to minimise distortion of the filter tube under pressure and to prevent dirt penetration after the initial layer of filter cake has built up.
The filter tubes are conveniently constructed in accordance with Patent Specification No. 942,492, and are preferably of braided wire form. Braided wire tubes can be made on known machinery which is used for production of braided wire sleeve "armour" for cables and hoses. The wire is suitably of stainless steel in the art, wires of other metals may be used. Depending upon the conditions within the filter, however, it is possible to envisage the use of synthetic plastics filaments or other materials.
One intended use for the filter of the invention is the filtration of coal extracts, which are filtered to remove undissolved coal and ash and are filtered at temperatures of about 200 to 350or. The filter offers many advantages which would not be attained with the previous design of tube filter. In particular, the passages for the removal of filtrate can be made of very small volume (whereas with a spring insert, essentially the whole of the volume of the filter tube was hollow), thereby minimising the volume of contaminated filtrate at the beginning of each filtration cycle. This is, of course, an advantage with any high value filtrate. Also, the support member can be constructed of any material capable of withstanding the conditions within the filter and can, in the case of coal extract, be made of mild steel.Accordingly instead of expensive springs, a simple and cheap extruded base metal rod or tube can be used.
Materials other than metal, e.g. plastics or ceramics can be considered, providing they exhibit the necessary mechanical and chemical stability properties for the intended purpose of the filter. A still further advantage which was not possible to attain with the previous design is that the filter cake can be washed and/or dried in position on the filter and discharged as a dry cake. A dry cake is easier to handle and does not lead to a loss of high value filtrate in the cake.
It has been found desirable in practice to ensure that each filter tube is tensioned correctly to avoid a "dirty" filtrate, and it is therefore preferred to engineer the filter as a whole to ensure that adequate control over the tensioning and flexing of the filter tube occurs.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which is a cross-section of a filter according to the invention. The filter has a tubular steel body 1, having a plate 2, which is perforated to allow filter tubes 3, to pass through into the slurry container 4.
Each filter tube is of braided stainless steel and is provided with a flange 5, by mean of which it is firmly clamped between the plates 2 and 6. At the other end of the filter tube it carries a sleeve 7, which is suitably tapered and fits on a correspondingly tapered end 8, of a rod-like mild steel support member 9, which fits snugly within the filter tube.
The support member9 has an internal bore 10, which is connected to the surface of the member by radial bores 11, adjacent the end 8. The outer surface of the member 9 has a plurality of longitudinal grooves 12. The member 9 extends beyond the end of the filter tube 3 and passes into a filtrate collector manifold 13, which has an outlet pipe 14.
Each support member 9 is attached to rod 16 connected to a double-acting air cylinder 17, and seals 18 preventing leakage of filtrate past rods 16.
Attached to the bottom of the body 1 is a means for removal of filter cake, conveniently a dump valve 19, of known type.
In use the slurry container 4 is filled with the slurry to be filtered. If desired, or necessary, a slurry of precoat filter aid may be filtered first, so as to build up a good filtration surface. The filter cake builds up on each filter tube as filtration progresses, and the filtration process is stopped before there is bridging of the cake between adjacent tubes. The feed of slurry is then stopped and filtrations of the slurry remaining in the slurry container is continued by feeding a high pressure gas e.g. nitrogen, into the container through a pipe (not shown). When the flow of filtrate has ceased, the flow of gas may be continued or a vacuum applied to dry the cake further. Washing of the cake with a liquid of higher volatility may precede the drying stage. To discharge the shells of cake around each filter tube, the air cylinders 17 withdraw rods 16, carrying with them the support members 9, which slide within each filter tube. Since the filter tubes are clamped in position relative to the support element 6, they are forced to flex to accommodate the movement of their other end with the support members, and the filter cake is caused to crack and fall off into the dump valve 19 by means of which it can be removed from the filter.
Claims (9)
1. A filter having a body and comprising one or more non-rigid filter tubes constructed of filamentary material, each tube being firmly attached at an outlet to a support element and carrying a substantially rigid internal rod or tube support member which is firmly attached to the other end of the filter tube, whereby relative movement between the support element and the support member causes movement of the filter tube to remove accumulated filter cake.
2. A filter according to claim 1, wherein the support element is a plate rigidly connected to the
body of the filter.
3. A filter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support member contains one or more passageways to convey filtrate to a point from which it is removed from the filter.
4. A filter according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the filter tube(s) is of braided wire.
5. A filter according to any one of the preceding claims wherein a pneumatic or hydraulic ram is used to cause movement between the support element and the support member.
6. A filter according to claim 5, wherein each filter tube has an associated ram.
7. A filter having one or more non-rigid filter tubes substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to the accompanying drawing.
8. A method of filtration comprising the use of a filter according to any one of the preceding claims.
9. A method of filtration of coal extract comprising the use of a filter according to any one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08219529A GB2123309B (en) | 1982-07-06 | 1982-07-06 | Tube filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08219529A GB2123309B (en) | 1982-07-06 | 1982-07-06 | Tube filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2123309A true GB2123309A (en) | 1984-02-01 |
| GB2123309B GB2123309B (en) | 1985-08-14 |
Family
ID=10531499
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08219529A Expired GB2123309B (en) | 1982-07-06 | 1982-07-06 | Tube filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2123309B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11679347B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2023-06-20 | McFarlen Engineering Ltd. | Filter support element and method of using same |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB278349A (en) * | 1926-09-30 | 1928-07-05 | Nouvelles Inv S Mecaniques Et | Improvements relating to liquid filters |
| GB294501A (en) * | 1927-04-23 | 1928-07-23 | Felix Frederic Ruau | Improvements in or relating to dust extractors |
| GB555609A (en) * | 1942-02-26 | 1943-08-31 | Cecil Gordon Vokes | Improvements relating to filters provided with cleaning means |
| GB598427A (en) * | 1945-09-03 | 1948-02-18 | Horace Reginald Hutchings | Improvements in or relating to dust filters |
| GB1234595A (en) * | 1967-01-09 | 1971-06-03 | ||
| GB1375628A (en) * | 1971-10-15 | 1974-11-27 |
-
1982
- 1982-07-06 GB GB08219529A patent/GB2123309B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB278349A (en) * | 1926-09-30 | 1928-07-05 | Nouvelles Inv S Mecaniques Et | Improvements relating to liquid filters |
| GB294501A (en) * | 1927-04-23 | 1928-07-23 | Felix Frederic Ruau | Improvements in or relating to dust extractors |
| GB555609A (en) * | 1942-02-26 | 1943-08-31 | Cecil Gordon Vokes | Improvements relating to filters provided with cleaning means |
| GB598427A (en) * | 1945-09-03 | 1948-02-18 | Horace Reginald Hutchings | Improvements in or relating to dust filters |
| GB1234595A (en) * | 1967-01-09 | 1971-06-03 | ||
| GB1375628A (en) * | 1971-10-15 | 1974-11-27 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11679347B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2023-06-20 | McFarlen Engineering Ltd. | Filter support element and method of using same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2123309B (en) | 1985-08-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 746 | Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977) | ||
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20020705 |