GB2116301A - Combined heat pumps and i.c. engine installations - Google Patents
Combined heat pumps and i.c. engine installations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2116301A GB2116301A GB08130395A GB8130395A GB2116301A GB 2116301 A GB2116301 A GB 2116301A GB 08130395 A GB08130395 A GB 08130395A GB 8130395 A GB8130395 A GB 8130395A GB 2116301 A GB2116301 A GB 2116301A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat pump
- installation according
- coil
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
A heat pump installation for removing excess heat from an internal combustion engine (8) comprises an evaporator (6) of a heat pump for extracting heat from air drawn over the engine and a generator (11) enclosed in a common housing (12). Heat may also be extracted from the engine exhaust gases. The heat pump also includes a compressor (3) and a condenser (4). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Heat pump installation
This invention relates to heat pump installations.
A heat pump absorbs "low grade" heat at a relatively low temperature and converts it into "high grade" heat at a relatively high temperature.
The heat transfer is accomplished by the performance of work in a compressor acting upon refrigerant flowing in a closed circuit between the
low grade heat source and the high grade heat output.
It is characteristic of all heat pumps that as the temperature of the low grade source decreases the overall performance of the heat pump falls.
This invention seeks to provide a heat pump installation having a low grade heat source of relatively high temperature affording a stabilised and efficient heat input, for the economic production of useful heat or work.
About 65% of the energy input to an internal combustion engine is lost in the form of heat, and this heat is commonly dissipated uselessly by means of an air cooled radiator or by direct air flow. The object of the present invention is to utilise at least some of this heat as the low-grade source for a heat pump.
According therefore to the invention there is provided a heat pump installation utilising as a source of low-grade heat waste heat generated by an internal combustion engine.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the internal combustion engine is arranged in heat exchange relationship with an evaporator coil forming part of the heat pump.
The heat pump installation preferably includes as a source of low-grade heat a heat exchanger
arranged to extract heat from the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine. Preferably the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine are ducted through a water-filled tank constituting the said heat exchanger. In one embodiment the exhaust gases are ducted through an upper part of the water-filled tank, the lower part of which houses a condenser and compressor of the heat pump.
In a self-contained embodiment of the invention the engine drives an electrical generator.
The generator may in turn supply an electric drive motor of the heat pump compressor.
The water-filled tank and the internal combustion engine may be enclosed by thermally insulating material contained in a common housing.
A substantial proportion, typically 60%, of the waste heat produced by an internal combustion engine is discharged through the exhaust system.
Accordingly in a preferred embodiment of the invention the engine exhaust gases pass through a heat exchanger tank to heat water therein, the heat pump having an evaporator coil in heat exchange relation with the water in the tank.
Where the engine has a liquid coolant circuit this typically accounts for about 14% of the waste heat generated. The installation preferably, therefore, includes a dissipation coil immersed in the heat exchanger tank.
The present invention also comprehends, for the purpose of extracting heat from the engine exhaust gases, an evaporator coil of finned tubing located in a chamber through which the engine exhaust gases pass, for the purpose of collecting heat from the exhaust gases and reducing their temperature. Preferably the chamber is surrounded by a liquid-filled annular duct in which a second evaporator coil is located, which coil forms part of a second heat pump independent of the heat pump associated with the first evaporator coil.
The closed refrigerant circuit of the heat pump may include, in a water-filled heat pump tank separate from the heat exchanger tank, a condenser coil and a motor-driven compressor unit. The heat exchanger tank and the internal combustion engine may all be surrounded by thermally insulating material contained in a common housing.
The heat pump may, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, include an aircooled evaporator coil arranged adjacent the engine and impeller means are provided to establish an air flow over the engine and over the evaporator coil downstream of the engine.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention the heat pump has a compressor enclosed in a housing and a condenser in the form of a coil surrounding the housing, the coil comprising two coaxially nested tubes through which refrigerant vapour from the compressor and liquid to be heated pass in counterflow. The condenser coil may comprise an outer tube in which refrigerant flows and a coaxially nested tube in which the liquid to be heated flows, refrigerant entering at the upper end of the coil.
The accompanying drawings illustrate, purely diagrammatically and by way of example, typical practical embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
Figure 1 shows diagrammatically the arrangement of a heat pump installation according to one embodiment of the invention, connected to a central heating system;
Figure 2 shows diagrammatically and partly cut away a heat pump installation according to another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic cut-away view of an internal combustion engine and one of the evaporators of a heat pump installation according to the invention;
Figure 4 is a cut-away perspective view of another of the evaporators employed in an installation according to the invention, for use in extracting heat from the engine exhaust gases;;
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing a typical arrangement of an engine and heat pumps forming an installation according to the invention:
Figure 6 is a cut-away perspective view of the compressor and condenser of a heat pump forming part of an installation according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, and
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump installation utilising heat pumps of the kind illustrated in Figure 6.
The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to indicate the same or corresponding components parts.
The heat pump installation shown in Figure 1 has a water-filled heat pump tank 1, which supplies hot water to a heating system, for example, the radiators of a central heating system, and/or hot water pipes for heating a greenhouse (not shown). Hot water is withdrawn from the upper part of the tank 1 and the return flow of water enters the lower part of the tank 1.
A sealed electric motor-compressor unit 2 is housed in the bottom of the heat pump tank 1 and is surrounded by a refrigerant pre-cooling coil 3. A condenser coil 4 is housed in the upper part of the heat pump tank 1.
The heat pump has a closed refrigerant circuit.
Hot refrigerant vapour is delivered by the compressor unit 2 to the upper end of the condenser coil 4, in which the vapour condenses, giving up its heat to the water flowing in the heat pump tank 1. The cooled refrigerant liquid is then expanded through an expansion valve, capillary tube, or other pressure reducing device 5 and the resulting cooled refrigerant vapour, at low pressure, enters an evaporator coil 6 which, in this embodiment, is housed in the upper part of a separate heat exchanger tank 7. After picking up heat in the evaporator coil 6 the refrigerant gas, still at low pressure and at a relatively low temperature, flows through the pre-cooling coil 3 before re-entering the compressor unit 2. In effect,.
the heat pump transfers heat from a low grade source of heat at a relatively low temperature, that is, the warm water surrounding the evaporator coil 6, and delivers upgraded heat at a relatively higher temperature, that of the water surrounding the condenser coil 4.
The source of low grade heat from the heat pump installation consists in the present invention of an internal combustion engine 8, for example an Otto cycle engine running on propane gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stored under pressure in a tank 9, or methane derived from an effluent digester, according to the user's resources. The exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 8 are ducted through a pipe 10 which in this embodiment passes through the heat exchanger tank 7, imparting heat to the evaporator coil 6. In addition, the internal combustion engine 8 has a liquid coolant circuit which is connected to a heat dissipation coil 11 located in the bottom of the heat'exchanger tank 7.
The internal combustion engine 8 is enclosed in a sealed and acoustically insulated housing 1 2 and drives an electrical generator 13, also enclosed in the housing 12. Part of the output of the electrical generator 13 is used to drive the elecric motor of the compressor unit 2.
The engine/generator housing 12, the heat exchanger tank 6 and the heat pump tank 1 are all enclosed in a common sound-proofed housing 14, shown diagrammatically in broken outline.
The heat pump installation utilises a greater part of the heat generated by the internal combustion engine 8, which would otherwise be dissipated uselessly. In a typical practical installation a 500 cc gas driven engine 8 is used.
After a short running time the temperature of the water in the heat exchanger tank 7 would have risen to about 50 C, which will be the source temperature for the heat pump. The overall performance of the heat pump increases as the source temperature increases, and with a source temperature of about 500C a coefficient of performance of about 5:1 can be expected. If the engine 8 is running on liquid petroleum gas (Ipg) and using about three pounds of gas per hour, then the heat input to the engine would be about 60,000 btu per hour, given a calorific value of Ipg fuel of about 20,000 btu per pound. A typical internal combustion engine converts about 65% of its energy input into heat, so that in this case about 39,000 btu per hour would be dissipated as heat in the water in the heat exchanger tank 7.
Given a coefficient of performance of 5:1 the maximum theoretical heat output from the heat pump installation would be 195,000 btu per hour.
In practice a considerable proportion of the total heat output of the internal combustion engine 8 would not be recoverable. Even if, however, only 50% of the avai able heat can be recovered in the heat exchanger tank 7 the heat delivered by the heat pump would be about 95,000 btu per hour. This makes the installation extremely competitive compared with a central heating system of comparable size heated directly by the fuel used to power the internal combustion engine.
Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the evaporator coil 6 is a finned heat-exchanger matrix located alongside the internal combustion engine 8 in heat exchange relation therewith. After picking up heat in the evaporator coil 6 the refrige:'ant gas, still at low pressure and at a relatively low temperature, enters the compressor unit 2. The e exhaust gases of the engine 8 a so again ducted through a pipe 10 which passes through the upper part of the heat pump tank 1, imparting heat directly to the water therein.
Figure 3 shows an alternative to the arrangement illustrated in Figure 2, in which the engine 8 and geneator 13 are enclosed in a housing 12 lined with acoustically absorbent material. An electrically driven centrifugai impeller unit 15, powered by the generator 13, blows air over the generator 13 and the engine 8, and through the fins of an evaporator coil 6A, which is downstream of the engine 1. The evaporator coil 6A is part of a first heat pump 1 6A (Figure 5) which absorbs specifically the waste heat generated by the engine 8 and generator 1 3, including heat imparted to the engine lubricating oil.
Two further heat pumps 1 6B, 1 6C, essentially similar to the heat pump 1 6A, and each arranged in a manner similar to the heat pump system described with reference to Figures 1 or 2, are arranged alongside the heat pump 1 6A. The heat pumps 1 6B, 1 6C are arranged to extract heat from the engine exhaust gases, which account for about 60% of the total heat loss from the engine.
For the purpose of extracting heat from the engine exhaust gases an evaporator coil 6B of finned or'integron' (Trade Mark) tubing is provided in a cylindrical silencer chamber 1 7 through which the engine exhaust gases pass (Figure 4), the finned tubing being exposed to the exhaust gases and serving both to absorb heat and to reflect internally acoustic energy from these gases. The evaporator coil 6B is surrounded by a cylindrical liner 18 which, with the wall of the chamber 1 7, defines an annular duct which is filled with static liquid (e.g. water). A third evaporator coil 6C, associated with the heat pump 1 6C, is immersed in the liquid in this duct.The evaporation of refrigerant in the coils 6B, 6C may in practice bring the gas temperature down to a level comparable with, or less than, ambient temperature, thereby avoiding the exhaust noise which would otherwise arise from the shock waves produced by hot air meeting cold air. The evaporator coil 6B is of such a diameter that the chamber 17 affords adequate expansion space for the exhaust gases, thereby further improving silencing, while at the same time presenting minimal flow restriction and back pressure in the engine exhaust system. The tubing forming the evaporator coil 6C has a total length of about three times the length of the tubing forming the evaporator coil 6B.
The use of the three heat exchangers and heat pumps 1 6A, 1 6B, 1 6C in tandem ensures a substantially constant source of heat for the heat pump installation, with an output scaled to the engine speed, which can be kept at a constant low value in a static installation, to minimise engine wear. Because of the high source temperature of the heat pump 6C connected to the evaporator coil 6B (typically about 1 1 OOC) the heat pump 6C is able to operate with a high coefficient of performance, of about 5:1.
The three heat pumps 1 6A, 1 6B, 1 6C together form a heat pump installation for the virtually total extraction of heat from an internal combustion engine. Hot coolant liquid from the engine coolant system flows into a common reservoir or tank which also receives hot water from the heat pumps, analogously to the heat pump tank 1 of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
In the embodimer4s of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 , 2 and 5, the engine 8 and generator 13 may be specially adapted, with suitable distributor, air supply, and electrical supply leads, for complete immersion in liquid within a housing 12, the liquid preferably being water mixed with soluble oil to inhibit corrosion. Heat is extracted
from the liquid by a heat pump as earlier described. As well as improving heat transfer from the engine and generator, such an arrangement also affords a further improvement in sound insulation.
Figure 6 illustrates an alternative form of heat pump which may be used in installations according to the invention. The compressor unit 2 is surrounded by a condenser coil 4 which consists of two coaxially nested tubes, that is, an outer tube 4A and a coaxial inner tube 48. Hot refrigerant vapour from the compressor enters the upper end of the coil 4 and flows in the annular duct between the outer and inner tubes 4A, 4B, while water to be heated flows in the opposite direction through the inner tube 48. After condensing in the coil 4 the refrigerant, still under pressure, passes through an expansion device, in this case a capillary tube 5, and thence to an evaporator coil (not shown) which may be of the kind described previously with reference to
Figures 1 to 4. The heated water leaving the upper end of the tube 4B flows into a hot water tank (not shown).
The coils of the tube 4 are lagged by at least 2 inches of glass-fibre insulation covered by reflective metal foil.
Figure 7 shows a typical heat pump installation, similar to that shown in Figure 5, utilising heat pumps of the kind illustrated in Figure 6, the heat pumps being identified by the same reference numerals 1 6A, 1 6B, 1 6C as those employed in
Figure 5. The heated water from the respective condenser coils 4 of the heat pumps is collected in a common header tank 19 for distribution, for example to hot water pipes or radiators in a heating system of a greenhouse. Water returns from the heating system to the bottom of the tank 19 from which it is withdrawn to enter the lower ends of the condenser coils 4, forming with the tank 1 9 respective closed heat exchange circuits.
Claims (23)
1. A heat pump installation utilising a source of low-grade heat waste heat generated by an internal combustion engine.
2. An installation according to Claim 1 in which the internal combustion engine is arranged in heat exchange relationship with an evaporator coil forming part of the heat pump.
3. A heat pump installation according to Claim 1, including as a source of low-grade heat a heat exchanger arranged to extract heat from the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine.
4. An installation according to Claim 3, in which the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine are ducted through a water-filled tank constituting the said heat exchanger.
5. An installation according to Claim 4, in which the exhaust gases are ducted through an upper part of the water-filled tank, the lower part of which houses a condenser and compressor of the heat pump.
6. A heat pump installation according to Claim 3, in which the engine exhaust gases pass through a heat exchanger tank to heat water therein, the heat pump having an evaporator coil in heat exchange relation with the water in the tank.
7. A heat pump installation according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the engine drives an electrical generator.
8. A heat pump installation according to Claim
6, in which the engine has a liquid coolant circuit which includes a heat dissipation coil immersed in the heat exchanger tank.
9. A heat pump installation according to Claim
6 and Claim 7 in which the electrical generator is
liquid-cooled by coolant liquid flowing in a closed
circuit which includes a heat dissipation coil
immersed in the heat exchanger tank.
10. A heat pump installation according to Claim 6, Claim 8 or Claim 9, in which the heat pump has a closed refrigerant circuit including the said evaporator coil and further including, in a waterfilled heat pump tank, separate from the heat exchanger tank, a condenser coil and a motordriven compressor unit.
11. A heat pump installation according to Claim
10, in which the heat exchanger tank, the heat pump tank and the internal combustion engine are surrounded by thermally-insulating material contained in a common housing.
12. A heat pump installation according to
Claim 10 or Claim 1 in which the internal combustion engine drives an electrical generator which in turn supplies an electric drive motor of the compressor unit.
13. A heat pump installation according to Claim 12, in which the engine and generator are immeresed in a liquid-filled housing from which heat is extracted by a heat pump.
14. A heat pump installation according to Claim 3, including an evaporator coil of finned tubing located in a chamber through which the engine exhaust gases pass, for the purpose of collecting heat from the exhaust gases and reducing their temperature.
1 5. A heat pump installation according to Claim 14, in which the chamber is surrounded by a liquid-filled annular duct in which a second evaporator coil is located, which coil forms part of a second heat pump independent of the heat pump associated with the first evaporator coil.
1 6. A heat pump installation according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, in which the heat pump includes an air-cooled evaporator coil arranged adjacent the engine and impeller means are provided to establish an air flow over the engine and over the evaporator coil downstream of the engine.
17. A heat pump installation according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the internal combustion engine utilizes hydrocarbon fuel derived from liquefied petroleum gas or propane, or from an effluent digester plant.
18. A heat pump installation according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, or 14 to 16, in which the heat pump has a compressor enclosed in a housing and a condenser in the form of a coil surrounding the housing, the coil comprising two coaxially nested tubes through which the refrigerant vapour from the compressor and liquid to be heated pass in counterflow.
1 9. A heat pump installation according to Claim 18, in which the condenser coil is enclosed in thermal insulation.
20. A heat pump installation according to Claim 18 or Claim 19, in which the condenser coil comprises an outer tube in which refrigerant flows and a coaxially nested tube in which the liquid to be heated flows, refrigerant entering at the upper end of the coil.
21. Heat exchanger for extracting heat from a gas stream, comprising a coil of finned or corrugated tubing located in a chamber through which the gas stream flows, and a further coil located in a liquid-filled jacket surrounding the chamber.
22. A heat exchanger substantially as herein described with reference to and as shown in
Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
23. A heat pump installation substantially as herein described with reference to and as shown in Figures 1 to 3, Figure 5, Figure 6 or Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08130395A GB2116301A (en) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Combined heat pumps and i.c. engine installations |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8032414 | 1980-10-08 | ||
| GB08130395A GB2116301A (en) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Combined heat pumps and i.c. engine installations |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2116301A true GB2116301A (en) | 1983-09-21 |
Family
ID=26277144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08130395A Withdrawn GB2116301A (en) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Combined heat pumps and i.c. engine installations |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2116301A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2187827A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1987-09-16 | Fmc Corp | Heating aircraft deicer fluid |
| US4852366A (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1989-08-01 | Conserve, Inc. | Heat pump and system |
| US4940082A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1990-07-10 | Professional Chemicals Corporation | Cleaning system |
| US5802864A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-09-08 | Peregrine Industries, Inc. | Heat transfer system |
| US7170191B2 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2007-01-30 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Electricity generating and air conditioning system with water heater |
| US20160097573A1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-07 | General Electric Company | Damper valve and a heat pump water heater appliance |
-
1981
- 1981-10-08 GB GB08130395A patent/GB2116301A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2187827A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1987-09-16 | Fmc Corp | Heating aircraft deicer fluid |
| GB2187827B (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1989-11-22 | Fmc Corp | A system for heating aircraft deicer fluid |
| US4852366A (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1989-08-01 | Conserve, Inc. | Heat pump and system |
| US4940082A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1990-07-10 | Professional Chemicals Corporation | Cleaning system |
| US5802864A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-09-08 | Peregrine Industries, Inc. | Heat transfer system |
| US5901563A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1999-05-11 | Peregrine Industries, Inc. | Heat exchanger for heat transfer system |
| US6253564B1 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 2001-07-03 | Peregrine Industries, Inc. | Heat transfer system |
| US7170191B2 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2007-01-30 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Electricity generating and air conditioning system with water heater |
| US20160097573A1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-07 | General Electric Company | Damper valve and a heat pump water heater appliance |
| US9739392B2 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2017-08-22 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Damper valve and a heat pump water heater appliance |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |