GB2115435A - Gas producer - Google Patents

Gas producer Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2115435A
GB2115435A GB8205265A GB8205265A GB2115435A GB 2115435 A GB2115435 A GB 2115435A GB 8205265 A GB8205265 A GB 8205265A GB 8205265 A GB8205265 A GB 8205265A GB 2115435 A GB2115435 A GB 2115435A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gas
water
vessel
gas generator
bell housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8205265A
Other versions
GB2115435B (en
Inventor
Willy Isidore Amand Jos Evrard
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB8205265A priority Critical patent/GB2115435B/en
Publication of GB2115435A publication Critical patent/GB2115435A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2115435B publication Critical patent/GB2115435B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10KPURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/723Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/74Construction of shells or jackets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/82Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916Biomass
    • C10J2300/092Wood, cellulose
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093Coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943Coke
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956Air or oxygen enriched air

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)

Abstract

In order to ensure a comparatively high purification of gas, a gas producer is provided with a gas treatment stage consisting of a water tank 1 having a gas inlet pipe 5 terminating in a vertical section 7 opening upwards under a bell housing 6 floating on the water by means of a floating system 8 provided with annular ribs 9. The flotation system further includes a projecting flange 10 just above the water surface. Once the gas has passed from beneath the bell housing 6 to an upper part of the tank 1 it is drawn off by a blower 14 and discharged, e.g. to a gas engine. A valve controlled recirculation line 15 is provided between the blower 14 and the upper part of the tank. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Gas producer The present invention relates to improvements in the apparatus producing a combustible gas and more particularly in apparatus called gazogenes or gas producers and especially those producing socalled poor gas. The poor gas produced can be used for different applications. One very interesting apparatus for fueling engines used not only for static but also for mobile applications, e.g. on vehicles.
The utilisation of these gas producers to fuel engines has been known for a long time. The basic fuels used are various: for example charcoal, peat, lignite, coal (example anthracite), coke and even wood and agricultural wastes.
The obtained gas is normally produced by an incomplete combustion of the carbon in an air draught crossing through a substantial thickness of combustible.
This gas commonly called "gas by air" principally contains hitrogen, carbon monoxide and, incidentally, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, and possible a very small quantity of ethane.
The classic gas producers are fundamentally constituted by a chamber for the combustible material, of which chamber the lower part is constituted by a frustum of a cone closed at its lower part by a grill, an induction system for combustion air to the gas producer possibly by suction and an arrangement for treatment of the obtained gas. For fueling the engines, a gas of the highest quality has to be obtained; for this reason this has to be purified as much as possible.
Developments have been concerned with mechanical improvement of the apparatus to increase the reliability and the flexibility of the production and with improvements of the treatment of the produced gas. For the production of the poor gas used for fueling engines the gas producer needs to be followed by different accessories such as a cooler, a mechanical cleaner, a scrubber and so forth.
The present invention concerned an improved arrangement for the purification of the gas for an economical fueling of the engine without any danger of blocking the filtration parts. It is self-regulating so as to deliver all the time the adequate quantity of gas needed by the engine.
The improved gas producer according to the present invention comprises successively a chamber for the combustible material, a furnace fed with air, means for treating the gas produced and means for feeding a gas engine and is characterised in that the gas treatment means comprises a watertight vessel partially filed with water, a pipe for introducing gas into the said vessel, the section of the pipe near the exit of the gas being substantially cylindrical and in a substantially vertical position, the exit being upwardly directed, a bell housing having its longitudinal axis substantially vertical being disposed above the top opening of the said pipe, the internal cross section of the said bell housing being largerthanthe external cross-section of the said pipe the said bell housing being provided around its base with means for floating of the bell on the surface of the water contained in the said vessel, the said vessel being in addition provided with means for the introduction and discharge of water, and at the top with means for drawing off the gas.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system for treating the gas comprises a device for maintaining the water at a constant level in the vessel; this device may be for example constituted by a pipe having one exit situated inside the vessel, at the height of the desired water level and having the second exit outside the vessel, at a level lower than the desired water level.
According to another embodiment of the invention the bottom surface of the floating means of the bell, which comes into contact with the water contained in the vessel is flat; nevertheless it is within the scope of the invention that this contact surface is provided with protuberances for example annular ribs of a diameter greater than the diameter of the feeding gas pipe.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the bell is provided at the part of its base which is the furthest from the longitudinal axis, with means for holding the water, for example a flat ring situated on the bell just near and above the water surface level.
In a particular realisation of this last embodiment, the means for holding the water are situated at a sufficient distance from the surface of the water to ensure a contact between the water flow held by the said means and failing down into the vessel, and the gas going up. The means for treating the gas may comprise at the exit of the vessel, means for mechanical purification of the gas, for example by centrifuging, by abrupt deviation of the gas flow, and so forth.
The gas treatment means can be provided with means to send back the unused gas to the vessel.
Following an advantageous form of this invention, the means for recirculating the gas includes a valve system in which the opening and closing positions are regulated by the pressure variations in the top part of the exterior water tank.
The apparatus is preferably provided with guide means for the bell housing which is entered by the gas inlet pipe.
The water tank may comprise two coaxial enclosures namely an interior enclosure, having a circular horizontal section, containing the gas inlet pipe and the floating bell housing, and an exterior water tank, in which the precleaned gas is thrown down at a low speed into the water contained in the tank and so treated mechanically before being sent to the engine. The two enclosures may be connected in the inferior part of the tank. Under these conditions, the fan establishes a depression in the interior enclosure and a pressure in the exterior enclosure.
The improved gas treatment system which is the first object of this invention, combines the lamellar filtration of the gas (when the gas, coming from inlet gas pipe is constrained by the bell housing, to take a downward direction following the preferably ribbed surface of the bell housing), the washing of the gas (by the through passage of the water retaining device situated on external side of the bell housing) and a centrifuging system (for instance, by passage through a cyclone situated on the outside of the water tank). This system thus enables production of clean gas.
It must be noted that this system is free from blocking or obturation because the principal zone of treatment is formed by mobile surfaces namely the water surface and the floating bell housing surface).
The treating water is simply regenerated, when charged by dust and other element taken out of the gas, by emptying and refilling. This system is self regulating due to the fact that the bell housing which when the water level is too low closes the gas inlet pipe. If the water flow is excessive so that the self-levelling device cannot maintain the water level, then the bell housing eventually sinks relative to the water and effectively increases the resistance to gas glow, so cutting off the gas supply to the engine, which eventually stops.
Finally, the system enable such control of feed to the engine due to the fact that the regulation of the gas flow is possible and the flexibility of running is completed.
The present invention also comprises improvements in the feeding of the gas generator itself.
According to this aspect of the invention, a first improvement consists in giving the combustible material chamber a transverse interior section which is square or rectangular in which the corners are formed by interiorly recess corners having vertical axes.
A second improvement consists in providing the gas generator's air induction system protection against the flames possibly coming from the air induction system. According to an advantageous form of this invention, this means may be constituted by a preformed anti-flamge iron sheet, preferably removable, through which the air must go. It must be noted that due to the provision of the gas treatment system and due to the improvement of the air and combustibles feeding means which are parts of the improved gas producer, it is possible to use as fuel, various different materials, such as the natural fibrous materials (wood, straw, vegetable wastes) possibly compacted or densified.
The accompanying single Figure of drawing is a vertical section through a gas treatment means for use in a gas generator in accordance with a preferred form of the invention.
This drawing shows an impermeable water tank 1 partly filled with water 2 up to the level 3 constantly maintained by a maximum level and surplus water evacuation device 4. A gas inlet pipe 5 introduces the gas above the water level 3 and, above the gas exit orifice of pipe 5, there is situated a bell housing 6 having a longitudinal axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the upper part of the inlet pipe 5. The base of the bell housing 6 is provided with a annular floating system 8 of which the interior surface in contact with the water is equipped with annular ribs 9. A flat annular flange 10 is situated around the bell housing floating system just above the water level 3.
The tank 1 is also equipped with a pipe 13 for the exit ofthe gas. The pipe 13 is connected with a fan or blower 14which is followed buy a pipe 15 sending the gas to the engine.
The pipe 15 is equipped with a diversion system 16 permitting the recirculation of the gas to the water tank 1, the access to this deviation system being controlled by a valve 17 of which the opening is regulated by the fueling needs of the engine or by the depression in the water tank.
The arrows on the drawing illustrate the paths of the gas in the gas treatment system. The arrows drawn in dotted lines show the path of the gas recirculated to the water tank 1.
In the bottom part of the water tank 1, there is an enclosure 19 collecting the water coming from the overflow 4. Means 20 are placed to collect the wastes which come from the water tank and from the enclosure 19.
In the version shown in the drawing, the bell housing 6 is guided by a iron screw device 21.
Further, the water tank is constituted by two coaxial enclosures. These two enclosures are connected by their lower parts.

Claims (14)

1. Gas generator comprising successively a chamber for combustible material, a furnace fed with air, means for the treatment of gas and means for fueling a gas engine, in which the gas treatment means comprises a watertight vessel partially filled with water, a pipe for introducing gas isnto the said vessel, the section of the pipe near the exit of the gas being of substantially cylindrical section and in a substantially vertical position and opening upwards, a bell housing having a longitudinal axis substantially vertical being disposed above the top opening of the said pipe and the internal cross section of the said bell housing being larger than external cross section of the said pipe, the said bell housing being provided around its base with means for floating of the bell on the surface of the water contained in the said vessel, the said vessel being further provided with means for the introduction and draining of water and, at the top, with means for drawing off the gas.
2. Gas generator as claimed in claim 1, in which the gas treatment means comprises a device for maintaining the water at a constant level in the vessel.
3. Gas generator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the water contacting surface of the floating means for the bell housing is provided with protuberances such as rings with diameter greater than the diameter of the inlet gas pipe.
4. Gas generator as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3, in which the bell housing is provided at the part of its base at the furthest distance from the longitudinal axis with means for holding the water, for example a flat ring projecting from the bell housing and situated just near and above the floating surface.
5. Gas generator as claimed in claim 4, in which the means for holding the water are situated at a sufficient distance above the water surface to ensure a contact between the water flow held by the said means and falling down into the vessel and the gas rising past this means.
6. Gas generator as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the gas treatment means comprises at the exit from the vessel, means for mechanical purification of the gas, for example by abrupt deviation of the gas flow.
7. Gas generator as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the gas extraction means to the outside of the vessel is in the form of a blower or fan.
8. Gas generator as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the gas treatment means includes means for recirculating the vessel, the gas coming from the vessel and which is not passed on to the engine.
9. Gas generator as claimed in claim 8, in which the recirculating means for the gas in the vessel comprises a valve of which the opening and closing positions are regulated by the pressure variations in the top partofthewatertank.
10. Gas generator as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, comprising a bell housing guide means to ensure a permanent location from the bell housing above and around the top of the inlet gas pipe in the vessel.
11. Gas generator as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the water tank comprises two coaxial enclosures, preferably with circular cross-section, the interior of which enclosure comprises the gas inlet pipe and the bell housing, and the two enclosures being connected by their lower parts which are filled with water.
12. Gas generator as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the chamber for combustible material has a square or rectangular transverse interior section formed by interiorly recessed corners having vertical axes.
13. Gas generator as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the air inlet pipes are provided with anti-flame means ensuring both heating of the air and a protection from flames coming from the air inlet pipes.
14. A gas generator substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB8205265A 1982-02-23 1982-02-23 Gas producer Expired GB2115435B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8205265A GB2115435B (en) 1982-02-23 1982-02-23 Gas producer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8205265A GB2115435B (en) 1982-02-23 1982-02-23 Gas producer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2115435A true GB2115435A (en) 1983-09-07
GB2115435B GB2115435B (en) 1986-02-26

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Family Applications (1)

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GB8205265A Expired GB2115435B (en) 1982-02-23 1982-02-23 Gas producer

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109321283A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-02-12 吕博轩 A kind of environment-friendly type stalk gasifier
CN118374300A (en) * 2024-04-22 2024-07-23 南京林业大学 Biomass carbonization coupling volatile matter vapor reforming co-production charcoal-hydrogen device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109321283A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-02-12 吕博轩 A kind of environment-friendly type stalk gasifier
CN118374300A (en) * 2024-04-22 2024-07-23 南京林业大学 Biomass carbonization coupling volatile matter vapor reforming co-production charcoal-hydrogen device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2115435B (en) 1986-02-26

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee