CA1168449A - Undergrate air blast on gas producers - Google Patents
Undergrate air blast on gas producersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1168449A CA1168449A CA000359323A CA359323A CA1168449A CA 1168449 A CA1168449 A CA 1168449A CA 000359323 A CA000359323 A CA 000359323A CA 359323 A CA359323 A CA 359323A CA 1168449 A CA1168449 A CA 1168449A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- producer
- feed
- air
- undergrate
- grate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
- C10J3/36—Fixed grates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
- C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
- C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This invention is directed to a gas producer that is charac-terised in that it includes a system of gas conduits by means of which the air feed to the producer may be divided into a first volume of air which is fed into the producer via a central grate assembly and a second volume of air which is delivered to the producer via the side walls thereof and substantially on a level with the grate assembly.
This invention is directed to a gas producer that is charac-terised in that it includes a system of gas conduits by means of which the air feed to the producer may be divided into a first volume of air which is fed into the producer via a central grate assembly and a second volume of air which is delivered to the producer via the side walls thereof and substantially on a level with the grate assembly.
Description
4~3 UNDERGRATE AIR BLASI' . ON G~.S PRODUCE_ THIS invention relates to gas producers and more particularly it relates to the undergrate air bla~t arrangement of coal gas producers.
Conventional gas producers are normally of the type comprising an elongated cylindrical structure of refractory material having at the upper region thereof coal feed arrangement and gas take-off arrange~ent and having at the lower end thexeof a metal seal skirt which extends into an annular trough which is filled with water. ~his trough acts as a seal to prevent producer gas from escaping from the producer and it also acts as an ash collecting zone. ~ grate structure, usually conical in shape is mounted over the area defined by the anDular inner ~lall of the trough. Below the grate a conduit asssmbly, ofte~ called the grate air blast is located through which steam saturated air is fed into the producer ~ia the grate.
To ensure proper removal of ash fro~ the producer the trough and grate assembly is rotated and accordingly a seal is required between the grate assembly and the grate air blast as the matter is stationary.
Various disadvantages exist in known arrangements ~ for delivering air to the producer and some of .: " "
' ' . ~
--2-- .
~, .. .. . . .
.
~L~6~45~
these will hecome apparent from the discuss.ion ~elow.
It is an o~ject of the invention at least to minimi:se some of these dis-advanta~es-.
The existing meth.od of introducing the ~lhole of the air for combustion of the coal th.rough the grate is extremely poor as the area of the grate ïs normally only in the region of 40~ of the total cross s-ectîonal area of the firebed.
~ecause of this the volume o.f air per unit area of firebed be.comes increasingly les:s towards the outside of the firebed and the highest concentration of air is in the centxe which has the smallest unit firebed area.
Thi:s not only results in un.even f;rebed conditions with consequent une~en treatment o the coal in the producer, but also results in the highest firebed temperatures being in the centre and the formation of clinker at this point.
For perfect operation of a gas producer, the flow of air should be constant over the whole of the firebed, thus reducing the temperature at the centre and permitting constant conditions for gasification to the whole of the coal a~ove the firebed.
According to th.e invention a gas producer is provided in which coal is oxidized in the presence of air and steam to produce gas. The producer comprises a side ;~i ~68~L9 , , wall for containing the burnlng coal at the upper portion of the producer and ash at its lower portion. An undergrate is positioned substantially in the center of the lower portion, and a main air feed flows a mixture of air and steam toward the producer. An undergrate feed is connected between the main air feed and the producer for flowing air and steam to the undergrate. An ash zone feed is connected between the main air feed and the producer for flowing air and steam from the main air feed to the producer. An undergrate damper control is located in the undergrate feed, and an ash zone damper control is in the ash zone feed. A plurality of apertures in the side wall at substantially the same level as the under-grate communicates directly with the lower porti.on of the gas producer at the periphery thereof and is connected with the ash zone feed, so that air and steam from the main air feed can be allocated between the undergrate feed and the ash zone feed by the dampers. The air and steam flowing through the undergrate feed enter the gas producer in the lower zone -thereof, which during the operation is filled with ash, and the air and steam flowing through the ash zone feed all enter the producer in the lower zone adjacent to the side wall and flow upwardly to assure that the air and steam will all enter the producer through the ash zone substantially uniformally over the cross section of the producer.
This invention thus provides for the injection of air around the outside of the firebed into the area known as the ash space which is the larger area in the firebed. The total volume of air remai~s the s!a~e a~ the conYentional undergrate ai.r b`last, ~ut the volume of aLr delivered to the undergrate i.s decreased~ Therefore th.e temperat~re in the centre. of the ~irehed i.s consi`derably reauced thus permi`tting thR use of a larger range of fuels than has been previously possible especi:ally wh.ere ash. fusion temperatures have to he taken i`nto account~ Also the quality of the gas produced will improve due to the eyen treatment of the coal being gas.ifi.ed., and control of the operat;on of the producer wi.ll be. simplIfied.
In addition the even burning of the firebed will reduce or eli`mi`nate the quantity of unburnt fuel which is invariably removed with the ash. from the producer.
To achieve hetter distrib.ution of air in and through the grate an air diYerter i.s located inside the grate carrier adjacent t-he i.nlet to the grate assembly. The air diverter may comprIse a conical element arranged to have its apex pointïng upstream.
It is necessary in a gas producer to have a rotating seal between the grate which revolves and the undergrate air blast tube ~hIch is stationaryO The conventional method of doing this is with a water seal of sufficient depth to -~6E~49L9 seal the air pressure ïn the undergrate from the. atmosphere~
Mechanical seals are not sat;$~actory due to the tolerances required for out-of~line movement o~ the grateO
The depth of water seal must of course be greater than the air pres.s:ure of the undergrate air blast and this: creates prob.lems due to the neces~sity of forming a pit under the producer to accommodate the seal or raisin~ the producer by the s~me height~ This problem becomes more $ï.gni.ficant with generati.ng gas at lQ hi:gher pressures. as the depth of water seal h.as to be increased proportionately~ For instance when the pressure at the outlet of the producer is 30" water gauge this requires an undergrate pressure of 6Q"
water gauge necessitatïng a water seal of about 66"
în depth.
~ccording to another a~pect of the present invention the seal between th.e grate and the undergrate air blast tub.e. comprises a depending cylindrical skirt secured about the ;nlet to the grate carrier and extending into a mercury filled annular trough carried on th.e upper extremity of th.e undergrate air blast tube.
~615 445~
To a~oid oxidation of the. mercur~ a la~er of oil is floated on the mercury~.
Another pro~lem often encountered wlth.gas producers results~ from i`nterrupti.ons due to mechanical or eIectrical fai.lures. Sucfi.i`nterruptions necessitate purging the equipment ~efore placing the producer back on li`ne, ~ producer sh.ould alwaYs be .under a positi~e pressure to prevent ingress of air at any point, and during shutdown it will come under a negative pressure thus necessitating purging.
The purging is particularly necessary where electro-static precipi.tators are installed such as on hot detarred and cold cleaned gas plants. Pur~ing is both a long and arduous. procedure but the danger of an explosion occurring after the producer has come under a negati.ve pressure, makes it a very necessary procedure.
According to a further aspect of the present inven-tion the undergrate air feed is fitted with an emergency fan activated by an independent power source and arranged to come into operation automatic-ally upon the pressure in the producer dropping to below a predetermined minimum positive pressure, ~, ~c ~
the fan beïng adapted to mainta1~n. a ~osi`ti~e press:u.re in the producer~
Th.us a small engi`ne dr$ven fan with.an electrï.c starter operated by storage batteries which.~ill start up immedi`.ately the mai`n air blast fans cease to operate is: fi`tted to the main air b.last conduit.
The alternative to the engine driven fan is a small D.C~ motor dri.ven fan operated by storage batteries maintained by a trickle charger to operate the fan for any~predetermined time.
The effect of this fan wi.11 be that the whole of the gas producing equlpment will be maintained at a small positive pressure should the main fans stop ~or any reason whatsoever and the production of gas can b.e continued immediately any fault or electrical failure has been recti.fied without the delays and work required to purge the system.
~ithout limi.ting the scope of the present invention a preferred embodiment will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a partly sectioned elevation of a gas producer incorporating the various features of the present invention.
~6~3~4L9 Referri~ng to t~e accompanying drawIng a gas producer comprises a side ~all primaxily of refractory material (not shown~ the bo-ttom sectIon of whi`ch side wall con~titutes a water ~ac~et 1 and a seal skirt 2. The seal skirt 2 depends into an annular trough 3 which is filled witEI water. ~ platform 4 extends over the space defïned bAy~ the inner wall 3a of the trough and a grate carri`er 5 is mounted on the platform 4.
In turn the conical grate 6 is mounted on the grate carrier 5. A number of the apertures through the grate 6 is schematically shown at 6a. The traugh 3 and grate assembly 5 and 6 are rotated on bearings 7 in any known manner.
Steam saturated air is fed into the producer in t~o ways. The main air feed 8 is branched into an undergrate feed 9 and an ash zone feed 10. In the undergrate feed an air diverter 11 is located for even distribution of the air which passes through the grate.
The diverter comprises two cones which are secured 2Q together at their bases.
The seal b~etween the rotating grid assembly and the stationary undergrate aïr blast pipe is constituted ~ 3L6~
by a depending skirt 12 which is located about an inlet opening through the platform 4 and which depends into a trough 13 which is filled with mercury (Dot shown) on top of which a layer of oil is floated.
The undergrate feed system described above has the advantage of better air distribution through the grate and a seal which is effective and which permits a certain degree of out of iine movement of the rotating asse~bly. As mercury is used as a sealing medium the seal may be relatively small in dimensions.
'.
~he ash zone feed conduit 10 discharges air into a manifold structure 14 comprising an annular pipe 15 extending about the producer aDd having a plurality of d1scharge~tubes 16 through which air is delivered through the side wall of the producer via apertures 16a in-to the so-called ash zone. It will be notGd that the apertures 16a are substantially on the same level as the lower apsrtures 6a of the ~rat^ 6.
The feed conduits 9 and 10 are each provided with a damper control 17 which in use are adausted to e~sure even distribution of ~ir through the firebed.
'.
As pointed out above a mercury seal (12 and 13~ is -1d-" - .
.
~ 34~
carried on top of the stationary undergrate air blast tube 18. ~he tube 18 is open at both ends and the undergrate air blast delivers its load into tube 18 intermediate its ends.
.
Air is removed fro~ the tube 18 by ~eans of a screw conveyor which is described in greater detail in our co-pendiDg application e~titled "Urldergrate air blas-t ash removal system".
An emergency ~aD as discussed in the general description above is also provided but not shown iD the drawings. This fan would be arranged to discharge before the branching of conduits 9 and 10.
I .
Many variations of detail may be thought of without departing from the spirit of the inverltion and it is not the intention to limit the scope of the invention -to the pzrticular e~bodiment described hereln.
.
-11 -, . ' .
Conventional gas producers are normally of the type comprising an elongated cylindrical structure of refractory material having at the upper region thereof coal feed arrangement and gas take-off arrange~ent and having at the lower end thexeof a metal seal skirt which extends into an annular trough which is filled with water. ~his trough acts as a seal to prevent producer gas from escaping from the producer and it also acts as an ash collecting zone. ~ grate structure, usually conical in shape is mounted over the area defined by the anDular inner ~lall of the trough. Below the grate a conduit asssmbly, ofte~ called the grate air blast is located through which steam saturated air is fed into the producer ~ia the grate.
To ensure proper removal of ash fro~ the producer the trough and grate assembly is rotated and accordingly a seal is required between the grate assembly and the grate air blast as the matter is stationary.
Various disadvantages exist in known arrangements ~ for delivering air to the producer and some of .: " "
' ' . ~
--2-- .
~, .. .. . . .
.
~L~6~45~
these will hecome apparent from the discuss.ion ~elow.
It is an o~ject of the invention at least to minimi:se some of these dis-advanta~es-.
The existing meth.od of introducing the ~lhole of the air for combustion of the coal th.rough the grate is extremely poor as the area of the grate ïs normally only in the region of 40~ of the total cross s-ectîonal area of the firebed.
~ecause of this the volume o.f air per unit area of firebed be.comes increasingly les:s towards the outside of the firebed and the highest concentration of air is in the centxe which has the smallest unit firebed area.
Thi:s not only results in un.even f;rebed conditions with consequent une~en treatment o the coal in the producer, but also results in the highest firebed temperatures being in the centre and the formation of clinker at this point.
For perfect operation of a gas producer, the flow of air should be constant over the whole of the firebed, thus reducing the temperature at the centre and permitting constant conditions for gasification to the whole of the coal a~ove the firebed.
According to th.e invention a gas producer is provided in which coal is oxidized in the presence of air and steam to produce gas. The producer comprises a side ;~i ~68~L9 , , wall for containing the burnlng coal at the upper portion of the producer and ash at its lower portion. An undergrate is positioned substantially in the center of the lower portion, and a main air feed flows a mixture of air and steam toward the producer. An undergrate feed is connected between the main air feed and the producer for flowing air and steam to the undergrate. An ash zone feed is connected between the main air feed and the producer for flowing air and steam from the main air feed to the producer. An undergrate damper control is located in the undergrate feed, and an ash zone damper control is in the ash zone feed. A plurality of apertures in the side wall at substantially the same level as the under-grate communicates directly with the lower porti.on of the gas producer at the periphery thereof and is connected with the ash zone feed, so that air and steam from the main air feed can be allocated between the undergrate feed and the ash zone feed by the dampers. The air and steam flowing through the undergrate feed enter the gas producer in the lower zone -thereof, which during the operation is filled with ash, and the air and steam flowing through the ash zone feed all enter the producer in the lower zone adjacent to the side wall and flow upwardly to assure that the air and steam will all enter the producer through the ash zone substantially uniformally over the cross section of the producer.
This invention thus provides for the injection of air around the outside of the firebed into the area known as the ash space which is the larger area in the firebed. The total volume of air remai~s the s!a~e a~ the conYentional undergrate ai.r b`last, ~ut the volume of aLr delivered to the undergrate i.s decreased~ Therefore th.e temperat~re in the centre. of the ~irehed i.s consi`derably reauced thus permi`tting thR use of a larger range of fuels than has been previously possible especi:ally wh.ere ash. fusion temperatures have to he taken i`nto account~ Also the quality of the gas produced will improve due to the eyen treatment of the coal being gas.ifi.ed., and control of the operat;on of the producer wi.ll be. simplIfied.
In addition the even burning of the firebed will reduce or eli`mi`nate the quantity of unburnt fuel which is invariably removed with the ash. from the producer.
To achieve hetter distrib.ution of air in and through the grate an air diYerter i.s located inside the grate carrier adjacent t-he i.nlet to the grate assembly. The air diverter may comprIse a conical element arranged to have its apex pointïng upstream.
It is necessary in a gas producer to have a rotating seal between the grate which revolves and the undergrate air blast tube ~hIch is stationaryO The conventional method of doing this is with a water seal of sufficient depth to -~6E~49L9 seal the air pressure ïn the undergrate from the. atmosphere~
Mechanical seals are not sat;$~actory due to the tolerances required for out-of~line movement o~ the grateO
The depth of water seal must of course be greater than the air pres.s:ure of the undergrate air blast and this: creates prob.lems due to the neces~sity of forming a pit under the producer to accommodate the seal or raisin~ the producer by the s~me height~ This problem becomes more $ï.gni.ficant with generati.ng gas at lQ hi:gher pressures. as the depth of water seal h.as to be increased proportionately~ For instance when the pressure at the outlet of the producer is 30" water gauge this requires an undergrate pressure of 6Q"
water gauge necessitatïng a water seal of about 66"
în depth.
~ccording to another a~pect of the present invention the seal between th.e grate and the undergrate air blast tub.e. comprises a depending cylindrical skirt secured about the ;nlet to the grate carrier and extending into a mercury filled annular trough carried on th.e upper extremity of th.e undergrate air blast tube.
~615 445~
To a~oid oxidation of the. mercur~ a la~er of oil is floated on the mercury~.
Another pro~lem often encountered wlth.gas producers results~ from i`nterrupti.ons due to mechanical or eIectrical fai.lures. Sucfi.i`nterruptions necessitate purging the equipment ~efore placing the producer back on li`ne, ~ producer sh.ould alwaYs be .under a positi~e pressure to prevent ingress of air at any point, and during shutdown it will come under a negative pressure thus necessitating purging.
The purging is particularly necessary where electro-static precipi.tators are installed such as on hot detarred and cold cleaned gas plants. Pur~ing is both a long and arduous. procedure but the danger of an explosion occurring after the producer has come under a negati.ve pressure, makes it a very necessary procedure.
According to a further aspect of the present inven-tion the undergrate air feed is fitted with an emergency fan activated by an independent power source and arranged to come into operation automatic-ally upon the pressure in the producer dropping to below a predetermined minimum positive pressure, ~, ~c ~
the fan beïng adapted to mainta1~n. a ~osi`ti~e press:u.re in the producer~
Th.us a small engi`ne dr$ven fan with.an electrï.c starter operated by storage batteries which.~ill start up immedi`.ately the mai`n air blast fans cease to operate is: fi`tted to the main air b.last conduit.
The alternative to the engine driven fan is a small D.C~ motor dri.ven fan operated by storage batteries maintained by a trickle charger to operate the fan for any~predetermined time.
The effect of this fan wi.11 be that the whole of the gas producing equlpment will be maintained at a small positive pressure should the main fans stop ~or any reason whatsoever and the production of gas can b.e continued immediately any fault or electrical failure has been recti.fied without the delays and work required to purge the system.
~ithout limi.ting the scope of the present invention a preferred embodiment will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a partly sectioned elevation of a gas producer incorporating the various features of the present invention.
~6~3~4L9 Referri~ng to t~e accompanying drawIng a gas producer comprises a side ~all primaxily of refractory material (not shown~ the bo-ttom sectIon of whi`ch side wall con~titutes a water ~ac~et 1 and a seal skirt 2. The seal skirt 2 depends into an annular trough 3 which is filled witEI water. ~ platform 4 extends over the space defïned bAy~ the inner wall 3a of the trough and a grate carri`er 5 is mounted on the platform 4.
In turn the conical grate 6 is mounted on the grate carrier 5. A number of the apertures through the grate 6 is schematically shown at 6a. The traugh 3 and grate assembly 5 and 6 are rotated on bearings 7 in any known manner.
Steam saturated air is fed into the producer in t~o ways. The main air feed 8 is branched into an undergrate feed 9 and an ash zone feed 10. In the undergrate feed an air diverter 11 is located for even distribution of the air which passes through the grate.
The diverter comprises two cones which are secured 2Q together at their bases.
The seal b~etween the rotating grid assembly and the stationary undergrate aïr blast pipe is constituted ~ 3L6~
by a depending skirt 12 which is located about an inlet opening through the platform 4 and which depends into a trough 13 which is filled with mercury (Dot shown) on top of which a layer of oil is floated.
The undergrate feed system described above has the advantage of better air distribution through the grate and a seal which is effective and which permits a certain degree of out of iine movement of the rotating asse~bly. As mercury is used as a sealing medium the seal may be relatively small in dimensions.
'.
~he ash zone feed conduit 10 discharges air into a manifold structure 14 comprising an annular pipe 15 extending about the producer aDd having a plurality of d1scharge~tubes 16 through which air is delivered through the side wall of the producer via apertures 16a in-to the so-called ash zone. It will be notGd that the apertures 16a are substantially on the same level as the lower apsrtures 6a of the ~rat^ 6.
The feed conduits 9 and 10 are each provided with a damper control 17 which in use are adausted to e~sure even distribution of ~ir through the firebed.
'.
As pointed out above a mercury seal (12 and 13~ is -1d-" - .
.
~ 34~
carried on top of the stationary undergrate air blast tube 18. ~he tube 18 is open at both ends and the undergrate air blast delivers its load into tube 18 intermediate its ends.
.
Air is removed fro~ the tube 18 by ~eans of a screw conveyor which is described in greater detail in our co-pendiDg application e~titled "Urldergrate air blas-t ash removal system".
An emergency ~aD as discussed in the general description above is also provided but not shown iD the drawings. This fan would be arranged to discharge before the branching of conduits 9 and 10.
I .
Many variations of detail may be thought of without departing from the spirit of the inverltion and it is not the intention to limit the scope of the invention -to the pzrticular e~bodiment described hereln.
.
-11 -, . ' .
Claims (9)
1. A gas producer in which coal is oxidized in the presence of air and steam to produce gas comprising:
a side wall for containing the burning coal at the upper portion of the producer and ash at its lower portion;
an undergrate positioned substantially in the center of said lower portion;
a main air feed for flowing a mixture of air and steam toward said producer;
an undergrate feed connected between said main air feed and said producer for flowing air and steam to said undergrate;
an ash zone feed connected between said main air feed and said producer for flowing air and steam from said main air feed to said producer;
an undergrate damper control in said undergrate feed;
an ash zone damper control in said ash zone feed; and a plurality of apertures in said side wall at sub-stantially the same level as said undergrate communicating directly with the lower portion of said gas producer at the periphery thereof and being connected with said ash zone feed;
so that air and steam from said main air feed can be allocated between said undergrate feed and said ash zone feed by said dampers, the air and steam flowing through said undergrate feed entering the gas producer in the lower zone thereof, which during the operation is filled with ash, and the air and steam flowing through said ash zone feed all entering said producer in said lower zone adjacent to the side wall and flowing upwardly to assure that the air and steam will all enter said producer through said ash zone substantially uniformally over the cross section of said producer.
a side wall for containing the burning coal at the upper portion of the producer and ash at its lower portion;
an undergrate positioned substantially in the center of said lower portion;
a main air feed for flowing a mixture of air and steam toward said producer;
an undergrate feed connected between said main air feed and said producer for flowing air and steam to said undergrate;
an ash zone feed connected between said main air feed and said producer for flowing air and steam from said main air feed to said producer;
an undergrate damper control in said undergrate feed;
an ash zone damper control in said ash zone feed; and a plurality of apertures in said side wall at sub-stantially the same level as said undergrate communicating directly with the lower portion of said gas producer at the periphery thereof and being connected with said ash zone feed;
so that air and steam from said main air feed can be allocated between said undergrate feed and said ash zone feed by said dampers, the air and steam flowing through said undergrate feed entering the gas producer in the lower zone thereof, which during the operation is filled with ash, and the air and steam flowing through said ash zone feed all entering said producer in said lower zone adjacent to the side wall and flowing upwardly to assure that the air and steam will all enter said producer through said ash zone substantially uniformally over the cross section of said producer.
2. The producer defined in Claim 1 wherein the grate assembly includes a grate and a grate carrier and an air diverter located inside the grate carrier adjacent the inlet to the grate assembly.
3. The producer of Claim 2 wherein the air diverter comprises a conical element arranged to have its apex pointing upstream.
4. The producer defined in Claim 3 further comprising a seal between the grate and the undergrate feed having a depending cylindrical skirt secured about an inlet to the grate and extending into a mercury filled annular trough carried on the upper extremity of the undergrate feed.
5. A seal according to Claim 4 wherein a layer of oil is floated on the mercury.
6. The gas producer defined in Claim 1 wherein the undergrate feed is fitted with an emergency fan activated by an independent power source and arranged to come into operation automatically upon the pressure in the producer dropping to below a predetermined minimum positive pressure, the fan being adapted to maintain a positive pressure in the producer.
7. The gas producer defined in Claim 2 wherein the undergrate feed is fitted with an emergency fan activated by an independent power source and arranged to come into operation automatically upon the pressure in the producer dropping to below a predetermined minimum positive pressure, the fan being adapted to maintain a positive pressure in the producer.
8. The gas producer defined in Claim 4 wherein the under-grate feed is fitted with an emergency fan activated by an independent power source and arranged to come into operation automatically upon the pressure in the producer dropping to below a predetermined minumum positive pressure, the fan being adapted to maintain a positive pressure in the producer.
9. The gas producer of Claim 6, Claim 7 or Claim 8 wherein the main air feed conduit is fitted with an engine driven fan with an electric starter operated by storage batteries and arranged to start up immediately the main air feed ceases to operate.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA00803179A ZA803179B (en) | 1979-03-01 | 1980-05-28 | Undergrate air blast ash removal system on gas producers |
| CA000359323A CA1168449A (en) | 1980-05-28 | 1980-08-29 | Undergrate air blast on gas producers |
| AU77634/81A AU7763481A (en) | 1980-05-28 | 1981-11-19 | Undergrate air blast ash removal system on gas producers |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA00803179A ZA803179B (en) | 1979-03-01 | 1980-05-28 | Undergrate air blast ash removal system on gas producers |
| CA000359323A CA1168449A (en) | 1980-05-28 | 1980-08-29 | Undergrate air blast on gas producers |
| AU77634/81A AU7763481A (en) | 1980-05-28 | 1981-11-19 | Undergrate air blast ash removal system on gas producers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1168449A true CA1168449A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
Family
ID=32853867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000359323A Expired CA1168449A (en) | 1979-03-01 | 1980-08-29 | Undergrate air blast on gas producers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU7763481A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1168449A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-08-29 CA CA000359323A patent/CA1168449A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-11-19 AU AU77634/81A patent/AU7763481A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7763481A (en) | 1983-05-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4896497A (en) | PFBC power plant | |
| US8197564B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for cooling syngas within a gasifier system | |
| KR100334744B1 (en) | Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant and its Operation Method | |
| EP1959002B1 (en) | Method of gasification burner online feeding | |
| EP0054400B1 (en) | Gas turbine fuel supply system | |
| CN102016415B (en) | Method of supplying carbon dioxide to oxygen combustion boiler and apparatus for supplying carbon dioxide | |
| US20100307392A1 (en) | Method and installation for the generation of effective energy by gasifying waste | |
| US20150008670A1 (en) | Methods for monitoring a seal assembly | |
| KR101598768B1 (en) | Gasification apparatus | |
| CN106906004A (en) | Coal gasification control method and gasifying powder coal device | |
| US3449908A (en) | Gas-steam turbine plant | |
| US4457764A (en) | Two-stage gasifier | |
| CA1168449A (en) | Undergrate air blast on gas producers | |
| EP0071420A1 (en) | Dual fuel injection nozzles | |
| GB2087252A (en) | Combined gas and steam turbine plant | |
| US4546710A (en) | Burner head | |
| CN104528851A (en) | Black water treatment device for coal gasification system of entrained flow | |
| JPS5834756B2 (en) | Under-grate air blast supply equipment for gas generators | |
| US1107917A (en) | Suction gas-producer. | |
| US1115268A (en) | Gas-generator. | |
| US4484930A (en) | Gas producer | |
| CN117387084B (en) | Ground torch burner | |
| US833673A (en) | Means for maintaining heat in gas-producers. | |
| US1772642A (en) | Gas producer | |
| KR850000950B1 (en) | Control method for a heater with fluidised bed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |