GB2114464A - Air pollution control apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Gas scrubbing apparatus comprises stages for mixing, washing, chemically neutralizing, and filtering, arranged in a helical passage within a hollow cylinder. Toxic or exhaust gases are first mixed with and neutralized by warm water with chemical solutions from nozzles 1121, 1122 to form a gas-liquid mixture, which is passed through parallel filtering plates 1131-33, washed by hot water sprayed from nozzles 1141, 1142, and passed through a further filter 115. A similar second stage follows. In the third stage the gases are sprayed by fresh water, filtered by a filter and a series of filtering plates, washed again by water, and passed through a plate having a sponge filter attached thereto. In the fourth stage, after mixing, washing and filtering, the gases pass into a chamber with cooling tubes 144 and are finally filtered by a filtering plate and a cloth filter. Clean gas is exhausted from the outlet 20 of the apparatus 111 and 141 are rotary impellers. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Air pollution control apparatus This invention relates to an air pollution control apparatus for reducing air pollution level and is especially suitable for use in industry.

We will be acknowledged that air pollution becomes worse day by day in highly industrialised country than in other parts of the world. This invention is developed in ordertofightagainstthe pollution which affects our health. The air pollution control system of this invention is intended to be mounted at the exhaust outlet of a plant such as a chemical plant or a power plant, the former producing low temperature toxic gases, such as H2SO4, HNO3, HCL, etc., the latter producing carbonmonoxide gas. After the toxic gases exhaust from the plant and pass into the air pollution control apparatus of this invention, the gases, which exhaust from the apparatus of this invention, will be finely cleaned. This is the main object of this invention.

According to the invention there is provided an air pollution control apparatus for processing toxic or exhaust gases having a series of stages for mixing, washing, chemically neturalizing, and filtering with different types of filters, which stages are arranged in a helical passage within a hollow cylinder, comprising a first stage in which the toxic or exhausted gases are first mixed and neutralized by warm water with chemical solutions from nozzles to form a carrier which is passed through parallel filtering plates, washed by hot water sprayed from nozzles, and passed through a further filter, a second stage following the same process as in said first stage, a third stage in which the gases are first mixed, then washed by fresh water sprayed out from the nozzles, and filtered by a filter and a series of filtering plates, and again washed by water, and a fourth stage in which mixing, washing and filtering takes place after which the gas passes into a cooling chamber to condense the particles in the gas.

The air pollution control apparatus of this invention therefore carries out a series of processes of mixing, neutralizing, washing and filtering of toxic gases or exhausted air.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which: Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus of the invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the helical inner structure of the apparatus, shown in part, Figure 3 shows the first stage of the inner structure, Figure 4 shows the second stage of the inner structure, Figure 5shows the third stage of the inner structure, and Figure 6 shows the fourth stage of the inner structure of the apparatus.

With reference to Figure 2, the outer shape of the air pollution control system apparatus of the invention is a hollow cylinder 1, in the central part of the cylinder 1, is a hole 100, which is through the two ends of the cylinder 1. Inside the cylinder 1,there is a continuous helical exhausting pipe with several stages 11, 12, 13, 14. At the top of the cylinder, there is an exhausting outlet 20, which is connected with the exhausting pipe. Inside the exhausing outlet 20, there is an exhausting fan 21 with motor 22. The inlet of each stage of helical exhausting pipe is formed with tapering air collecting holes 110,120,130,140.

On the bottom of the cylinder 1, extends an exhaust inlet 10, which is connected with the first stage 11 of the helical pipe.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, behind the air collecting hole 110, there is a mixer 111, behind which there is a set of mist spraying nozzles 1121, 1122. There then follows a series of parallel filtering plates 1131, 1132, 1133 on each of parallel filtering plate, there are holes 11311,11312,11321, 11322,11323,11331,11332.The holes are offset to each other from plate to plate. Behind the plates 1131, 1132, 1133 there is also a pair of mist spraying nozzles 1141, 1142, followed by a filter 115 arranged between the first stage 11 and the second stage 12 of the exhausting pipe.

Referring again to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, behind the air collecting hole 120 of the second stage of the helical exhausting pipe, there are also a mixer 120, a set of spraying nozzle 1221, 1222, and a series of parallel filtering plate 1231,1232,1233,1234. On the filtering plate 1231, 1232, 1233, 1234, there are also many holes 12311, 12312, 12321, 12322, 12331, 12332, 12341, 12342, The holes on the side plates 1231, 1232, 1235. 1236 are all smaller than the holes on the central plate, and the holes on the two plates are offset with each other. Before the series of parallel filtering plate 1231-1236, there is a filter 1230 in net type and a pair of mist spraying nozzle 1241, 1242 then is another filter 125 in the form of a net, and then follows the third stage of the helical exhausting pipe.

With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 5, which shows the third stage of the helical exhaust pipe, the structure of the third stage is similar to that of the second stage 12. It contains a tapered air collecting inlet 130, a mixer 131, mist spraying nozzle pairs 1321, 1322, 1341, 1342, a filter in net style 1330 and a series of filtering plates 1331,1332. But at the end of the third stage of helex exhausting pipe is an air filter 1351 and a sponge plate 1352.

Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 6, the inner structure of the front half circle of the fourth stage of the helical exhausting pipe is similar to that of the second and third stages of the exhausting pipe 12, 13. It also contains an air collecting inlet 140, a mixer 141 and a pair of mist spraying nozzles 1421, 1422.

Just behind the parallel filtering plates 1431, 1432, there is a cooling chamber 144, having cooling pipes 1441, 1442 provided therein. Behind the cooling chamber 144 there are installed plates 1451, 1452 and cloth filter 1455. The plates have large holes 13511, 13512, 13521, 13522, and those holes are offset from each other from plate to plate. After the cloth filter, the exhausting pipe is coupled to the exhaust outlet 20.

Themixerslll,121,131,l4lcanbedrivenbythe same motor 150, by the mechanic connection of belts 151,152,153, 154, which can be seen in Figure 1. The group of mist spraying nozzle pairs then can be connected to different water or neutralizing chemical solution source. For example, the two pairs of nozzles 1121,1122,1141,1142 are used to spray out a hot water mist, and are connected to a hot water supply source. But between the hot water supplying source and the front nozzles 1121, 1122, there are provided neutralizing solution bottles 1123, 1124. The nozzles 1341, 1342 in the third stage 13 of the exhausting pipe and nozzles 1421, 1422 in the fourth stage 14 of the exhausting pipe are used to spray out a cool water mist.Therefore, these two pairs of nozzles can connect to the water pipe 1443, extended from the cooling chamber. The nozzles 1221,1222,1241,1242 in the second stage 12 and the nozzles 1321, 1322 in the third stage 13, then can be connected to the same cool water source, but the nozzles 1221, 1222 in the second stage of exhausting pipe are used to spray out the neutralizing chemical solution. Therefore, between each of the nozzles 1221, 1222, is a bottle 111223, with with neutralizing chemical solution.

The operation of this air pollution control apparatus is as the following: When the air pollution control system is connected to the exhaust outlet of the plant, the toxic gases or exhaust air from the exhaust outlet of the plant will pass through the air collecting hole 110 of the helical exhausting pipe and enter into the first stage 11.

These toxic gases or exhaust air will be mixed by the mixer 111 with the neutralizing mist and warm water sprayed from nozzle pairs 1121, 1122. As a result, the molecules of the toxic gases or exhaust air will be expanded and form bubbles, which will travel into a series of parallel filtering plates 1131, 1132,1133.

Because the holes on each plate is offset to each other, this will cause the collision and mixture of air molecules. Then the mixed -gases will be washed by the hot water sprayed out from nozzles 1121, 1122 to reduce the air bubbles. After that, the gases pass through the filter.

The gases then enter into the second stage 12 of the exhausting pipe. The repeated process is obtained by mixing by mixer 121 and mist spraying with neutralizing chemical solution sprayed out from nozzles 1221, 1222. After that, the air will filter through the filter 1230, and then through the parallel filtering plates 1231,1232,1233,1234. Because the filtering plates 1231,1232,1233, 1234 consist of holes with different sizes and offset from plate to plate, the collison of the air particles takes place, and the air particles are depressed and captured by the parallel filtering plates, which will be washed by water sprayed out from nozzles 1241, 1242. After that, the air travels through the filtering 125, then this air will enter into the third stage 13 of the helex exhausting pipe.The same processes are taken place as it was done in previous stages, the air is mixed by mixer 131 and with mist water sprayed out by mist spraying nozzles 1241, 1242, then through filter 1330. Again the air is processed through a series of parallel filtering plates 1331,1332, which is the same as the series of parallel filtering plates in the second stage 12 of the exhausting pipe. The collision of air particles is dispersed and the air particles are captured again by the parallel filtering plates. The mist spraying nozzles 1241, 1242 wash the air with cool water.

This process serves to eliminate any bad smell caused by the air particles entering the system. The gas passes through an air mixing plate 1351,which carries a sponge 1352, and enters into the fourth stage 14 of the exhausting pipe. In the fourth stage, the air is mixed by the mixer 141 and mist spraying with cool water sprayed from the nozzles 1421,1422.

This repeated washing process is to ensure that the air is free of bad smells. The air passes the parallel filtering plates 1431, 1432, 1433 in an identical manner to the filtering carried out in previous stages. After that, the air passes to the condensor 144,where some chemical molecules in the airwill be condensed into solids and roll down the exhausting pipe to the cloth filter 1455. The air exhausting out through the outlet 20 is clean and fresh.

Claims (8)

1. An air pollution control apparatus for processing toxic or exhaust gases having a series of stages for mixing, washing, chemically neutralizing, and filtering with different types of filters, which stages are arranged in a helical passage within a hollow cylinder, comprising a first stage in which the toxic or exhausted gases are first mixed and neutralized by warm water with chemical solutions from nozzles to form a carrier which is passed through parallel filtering plates, washed by hot water sprayed from nozzles, and passed through a further filter, a second stage following the same process as in said first stage, a third stage in which the gases are first mixed, then washed by fresh water sprayed out from the nozzles and filtered by a filter and a series of filtering plates, and again washed by water, and a fourth stage in which mixing, washing and filtering takes place after which the gas passes into a cooling chamber to condense the particles in the gas.

2. An air pollution control apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein inside the first stage there are a mixer, two pairs of mist spraying nozzles and parallel filtering plates with big holes said holes being offset from plate to plate.

3. An air pollution control apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein inside the second stage, there are a mixer, two pairs of nozzles and series of parallel filtering plate, the plates in the middle having bigger holes and the plates at the two sides having small holes, said holes being offset from plate to plate.

4. An air pollution control apparatus as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3, wherein in the third stage a filter downstream of the second pair of nozzles is formed by a plate with holes and a sponge.

5. An air pollution control apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the fourth stage the condenser is located just downstream of the parallel filtering plates, and takes the form of a cooling chamber containing a fine cloth filter.

6. An air pollution control apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein all mixers in the Four stages are driven by the same motor with mechanical connection.

7. An air pollution control apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mist spraying nozzle pairs supply different mist spraying solutions.

8. An air pollution control apparatus substantially as described hereinwith reference to the accom panying drawings.