GB2098272A - Portable two-stroke engine chain saw - Google Patents

Portable two-stroke engine chain saw Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2098272A
GB2098272A GB8114573A GB8114573A GB2098272A GB 2098272 A GB2098272 A GB 2098272A GB 8114573 A GB8114573 A GB 8114573A GB 8114573 A GB8114573 A GB 8114573A GB 2098272 A GB2098272 A GB 2098272A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cylinders
engine
frame
intake system
saw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8114573A
Other versions
GB2098272B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kioritz Corp
Original Assignee
Kioritz Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kioritz Corp filed Critical Kioritz Corp
Priority to GB8114573A priority Critical patent/GB2098272B/en
Priority to AU70531/81A priority patent/AU528351B2/en
Priority to FR8110538A priority patent/FR2506659B1/en
Publication of GB2098272A publication Critical patent/GB2098272A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2098272B publication Critical patent/GB2098272B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B17/00—Chain saws; Equipment therefor
    • B27B17/08—Drives or gearings; Devices for swivelling or tilting the chain saw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B17/00—Chain saws; Equipment therefor
    • B27B17/0033—Devices for attenuation of vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/02—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for hand-held tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/24—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
    • F02B75/243—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type with only one crankshaft of the "boxer" type, e.g. all connecting rods attached to separate crankshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/002—Integrally formed cylinders and cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0002—Cylinder arrangements
    • F02F7/0009—Crankcases of opposed piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0021—Construction
    • F02F7/0039—Casings for small engines, especially with crankcase pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • F01N2340/04—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of an exhaust pipe, manifold or apparatus in relation to vehicle frame or particular vehicle parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/06—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for hand-held tools or portables devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1808—Number of cylinders two

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Characterised By The Charging Evacuation (AREA)

Abstract

The two cylinders 2, 3 operating with simultaneous ignition are so arranged within the carrying frame 29 that spaces, accommodating the engine intake system leading to the crankcase inlet reed valve 6 and the exhaust system including the silencer M are provided on opposite sides of the engine within the frame. Casings (7, 8), Fig. 2 (not shown), forming crankcase walls house the drive chain clutch (9) and the flywheel magneto (19) and are connected by resilient members (30, 31, 32, 33), Fig. 3 (not shown), to the frame 29. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Portable chain saw The present invention relates to a portable chain saw and, more particularly, to a portable chain saw driven by an internal combustion engine unit of a small size with reduced level of vibration but having a sufficiently large driving power.
In general, portable chain saws are required to meet various demands such as reduced level of vibration, small size of the engine unit, and sufficiently large driving power. Practically, however, it is extremely difficult to satisfy all of these demands simultaneously.
Accordingly, a principal object of the invention is to provide a portable chain saw driven by an internal combustion engine unit which can provide sufficiently large driving power with reduced level of vibration, while decreasing the size of the portable chain saw as a whole.
To this end, according to the invention, there is provided a portable chain saw comprising a frame including a longitudinal handle, a fuel tank, an intake system chamber and a silencer chamber, a saw chain unit including a guide bar and a saw chain which runs around the guide bar, and an engine unit for driving the saw chain, characterized in that the engine unit includes a 2-cycle opposed twin cylinder engine of simultaneous ignition type, the cylinders of the engine being disposed such that the common axis of these cylinders extends in the longitudinal direction of the chain saw and that the common axis is inclined upwardly and forwardly, the ignition plug of at least one of the cylinders being disposed at an inclination to the common axis of the cylinders, the upper rear space formed between the engine unit and the frame as a result of inclination of the cylinders being used as an intake system chamber accommodating the intake system including a carburetor, the intake system chamber being communicated with a crank case of the engine through a reed valve, while the lower front space formed between the engine unit and the frame as a result of inclination of the cylinders accommodates the silencer connected in the exhaust system of the engine.
The 2-cycle opposed twin cylinder engine of the simultaneous ignition type inherently negates the inertia of masses of moving parts of the engine to sufficiently suppress the generation.
Accordingly, the vibration in the guide bar for guiding the saw chain is reduced remarkably to increase the stability in the cutting operation to contribute to the improvement in the cutting performance. In addition, this inclined arrangement permits to shorten the length of the chain saw as a whole in the longitudinal direction.
The inclination of the ignition plug to the axis of the cylinders permits a further reduction of the length. In addition, the inclination of the common axis of the cylinder to the horizontal plane creates an upper rear space and a lower front space between the engine unit and the frame. The upper rear space is effectively used as the suction space for accommodating the intake system including a carburetor to permit an efficient cooling of the fuel tank by the intake air, whereas the lower front space is utilized as the space for accommodating a silencer to make it possible to direct the exhaust gas outlet forwardly away from the operator to protect the operator from unpleasant exhaust noise and exhaust gas which would, for otherwise, seriously affect the health of the operator.In addition, it is possible to cool the silencer by the air after cooling of the cylinders, so that the exhaust gas can be safely discharged without to expose the silencer.
The above and other objects, as well as advantageous features of the invention will become more clear from the following description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a chain saw constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line Il-Il of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is an illustration of the arrangement of resilient members.
A preferred embodiments of the invention will be described hereinunder with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the invention, a chain saw has an engine unit which includes a 2-cycle opposed twin cylinder engine of simultaneous ignition type, having a total displacement substantially equal to an imaginary single cylinder engine which produces the same power required for driving the saw chain. The 2-cycle opposed twin cylinder engine of simultaneous ignition type is a 2-cycle internal combustion engine having two cylinders disposed substantially horizontally with 1 800 angular difference therebetween, i.e. such that the cylinders have a common axis which extends substantially horizontally, wherein the ignition takes place simultaneously in both cylinders.Thus, in this engine unit, the pistons and other movable parts associated with both cylinders act in synchronization but in the opposite directions to negate the inertia of masses of the moving parts to perfectly obviate the cause of the vibration.
According to the invention, the common axis of the two opposing cylinders is not laid perfectly horizontally but is slightly inclined upwardly and forwardly at an angle a to reduce the overall length of the chain saw as will be seen from Fig. 1.
A further reduction of the overall length is achieved by inclining the ignition plug P of the front side cylinder to the common axis of the cylinders.
The inclination of the cylinders creates an upper rear and lower front spaces between the engine unit and the frame. The upper rear space constitutes an intake system chamber accommodating an intake system of the engine unit including a carburetor, while the lower front space is used as a space for mounting an exhaust silencer of a sufficiently large capacity and having an exhaust outlet directed forwardly, i.e. away from the operator to protect the operator from the exhaust noise and noxious gases emitted from the engine.
More specifically, the 2-cycle engine generally represented by E has two cylinders 2 and 3 disposed to oppose to each other substantially in the horizontal plane across a crank case 1 disposed therebetween. The engine E has a crank shaft 4 having cranks of a 1 800 phase differential with a slight offset 0 (See Fig. 2) to permit the simultaneous ignition in both cylinders. The aforementioned guide bar 12 for guiding the saw chain is extended substantially in parallel with these cylinders.
The crank case 1 is provided in its upper side wall with a suction port 5 which is adapted to be opened and closed by a reed valve 6. As the pressure in the crank case is lowered to a level below the atmospheric pressure, the reed valve 6 is deflected to open the suction port 5 so that the space in the crank case is communicated with the intake system chamber to such the fuel mixture.
Thus, the engine is of the crank case intake and scavenging type 2-cycle engine. The crank case 1 is of the so-called split type one divided at an intermediate portion of the crank shaft in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the crank shaft.
As will be seen from Fig. 2, mounting cases 7, 8 for mounting auxiliary elements are formed as a unit with respective halves of the crank case to extend outwardly therefrom. One 7 of these mounting case houses a centrifugal clutch 9 on the extension of the crank shaft 4, as well as a clutch drum 11 integral with a chain sprocket 10 and a safety braking device (not shown). Also, the mounting seats 14 for the guide bar 12, a control lever device for the safety braking device 13 and so forth is provided on the mounting case 7. Also, a lubricating oil tank 1 5 is attached unitarily to the rear side of the mounting case 7. The clutch 9 and the associated parts, and the lubricating oil tank 15 are covered by means of covers 1 6 and 17, as will be seen from Fig. 2, to encase the essential part of the chain saw.
The other mounting case 8 houses a fly-wheel magneto 1 9 provided on the other extended end of the crank shaft 4 and unitarily carrying a cooling fan 18. An electromotive coil 20 and an ignition electronic unit 21 are mounted on the periphery of the fly-wheel magneto 1 9. The fly-wheel magneto 1 9 is concealed by a detachable cover 22, in which formed is an air intake opening 23.
A recoil starter 24 is integrally attached to the inner surface of the cover 22 substantially at the center of the latter. The arrangement is such that a transmission claw 25 provided on the fly-wheel engages a starting claw 26 formed on the recoil starter 24 to transmit the starting inertia or torque thereby to start the engine.
The mounting cases 7 and 8 surround the engine to constitute a part of the passage of the cooling air to ensure a higher cooling efficiency of the cylinders. The mounting cases 7 and 8 are mounted on a frame 29 having front and rear handles 27, 28 through the medium of resilient members 30,31,32 and 33. Fig. 3 illustrates the positions of these resilient members. These resilient members are effective in preventing the transmission of vibration to the handles 27,28.
More specifically, referring to Fig. 3, the resilient members are mounted along the inner peripheries of the mounting cases 7, 8 of the crank case 1, and upper half part and lower half part of the frame 29 are inserted from the upper and lower sides to oppose to the resilient members so as to be resiliently coupied to each other.
The upper half part of the frame 29 is provided at its front side with the fuel tank 34 and partly defines the aforementioned intake system chamber. In addition, this upper half part of the frame forms an air passage bore around the intake system chamber. On the other hand, the lower half part of the frame 29 is provided at its portion for accommodating the silencer with a rectangular vessel 35 having a substantial depth. The vessel 35 is perforated for ventilation and reduction in weight.
As stated before, the upper half part of the frame 29 is provided with a rear handle 28 extended rearwardly therefrom. The rear handle 28 has a grip around which mounted are throttle lever 36, a start and stop switch 37 and a throttle safety device 38. The opened front end of the frame 29 is covered by a front cover 39. A partition plate 40 is provided to insulate the cylinders 2, 3 from the heat radiated from the silencer M, and defines the passage for the cooling air.
In the portable chain saw of this embodiment, the vibration is remarkably suppressed because of the use of the 2-cycle opposed twin cylinder engine of simultaneous ignition type which inherently obviates the cases of the vibration thanks to the negation of inertia of the masses of movable parts. In addition, the upper rear space and the lower front space formed between the engine unit and the frame, thanks to the inclination of cylinders to the horizontal plane, are effectively utiiized as the intake system chamber accommodating the intake system of the engine and the silencer chamber for accommodating the exhaust silencer of a sufficiently large capacity. By disposing the fuel tank in the intake system chamber as in the described embodiment, it is possible to effectively cool the fuel tank by the intake air. Also, by directing the exhaust outlet forwardly away from the operator, it is possible to protect the operator from the exhaust noise and exhaust emissions which would adversely affect the operator's health.
Although the invention has been described with specific terms, it is to be noted here that the described embodiment is only for the illustrative purpose, and various changes and modifications may be imparted without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention which is limited solely by the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. A portable chain saw comprising a frame including a longitudinal handle, fuel tank intake system chamber and a silencer chamber, a saw chain unit including a guide bar and a saw chain adapted to run around said guide bar, and an engine unit for driving said saw chain, wherein said engine unit includes a 2-cycle opposed twin cylinder engine of simultaneous ignition type having two cylinders disposed such that the common axis of these cylinders extends in the longitudinal direction of said chain saw and inclined upwardly and forwardly, with the ignition plug of at least one of said cylinders inclined to said common axis of said cylinders, the upper rear space formed betweeen said engine unit and said frame, as a result of inclination of said cylinders, being used as an intake system chamber accommodating the intake system including a carburetor, said intake system chamber being communicated with a crank case of said engine through a reed valve, while the lower front space formed between said engine unit and said frame, as a result of inclination of said cylinders, is used as a silencer chamber accommodating an exhaust silencer connected in the exhaust system of said engine.
2. A portable chain saw substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
GB8114573A 1981-05-13 1981-05-13 Portable two-stroke engine chain saw Expired GB2098272B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8114573A GB2098272B (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-13 Portable two-stroke engine chain saw
AU70531/81A AU528351B2 (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-13 Opposed piston 2 cycle engine for chain saw
FR8110538A FR2506659B1 (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-27 PORTABLE CHAIN SAW

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8114573A GB2098272B (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-13 Portable two-stroke engine chain saw
AU70531/81A AU528351B2 (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-13 Opposed piston 2 cycle engine for chain saw
FR8110538A FR2506659B1 (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-27 PORTABLE CHAIN SAW

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2098272A true GB2098272A (en) 1982-11-17
GB2098272B GB2098272B (en) 1984-08-01

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ID=27155873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8114573A Expired GB2098272B (en) 1981-05-13 1981-05-13 Portable two-stroke engine chain saw

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU528351B2 (en)
FR (1) FR2506659B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2098272B (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2567199A1 (en) * 1984-07-05 1986-01-10 Stihl Andreas TWO-STROKE ENGINE
DE3713074A1 (en) * 1986-04-23 1987-10-29 Kioritz Corp CHAINSAW
US5099580A (en) * 1987-10-22 1992-03-31 Echo Incorporated Power saw structure
US5212886A (en) * 1991-01-23 1993-05-25 Kioritz Corporation Chain saw
US5243764A (en) * 1991-10-19 1993-09-14 Andreas Stihl Motor-driven chain saw
US6643939B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2003-11-11 Kioritz Corporation Chain saw with vibration-isolating devices
WO2012030261A1 (en) * 2010-09-01 2012-03-08 Husqvarna Ab Power tool exhaust cooling system
US20120073144A1 (en) * 2010-09-29 2012-03-29 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Portable Working Machine

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0277113A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1988-08-10 HAMLET, William, James A detachable receptacle and stripping apparatus for stripping lagging
SE508267C2 (en) * 1996-04-04 1998-09-21 Electrolux Ab Drive unit for a handheld work tool

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3006388A (en) * 1960-10-06 1961-10-31 Root Mfg Company Inc Adjustable balance for chain saw handle
US3252452A (en) * 1962-11-08 1966-05-24 Mcculloch Corp Balanced piston engine
DE1281138B (en) * 1965-12-24 1968-10-24 Solo Kleinmotoren G M B H Portable chain saw powered by an internal combustion engine
FR1570479A (en) * 1968-01-10 1969-06-13
JPS5435495U (en) * 1977-07-29 1979-03-08

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2567199A1 (en) * 1984-07-05 1986-01-10 Stihl Andreas TWO-STROKE ENGINE
DE3713074A1 (en) * 1986-04-23 1987-10-29 Kioritz Corp CHAINSAW
US5099580A (en) * 1987-10-22 1992-03-31 Echo Incorporated Power saw structure
US5212886A (en) * 1991-01-23 1993-05-25 Kioritz Corporation Chain saw
US5243764A (en) * 1991-10-19 1993-09-14 Andreas Stihl Motor-driven chain saw
US6643939B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2003-11-11 Kioritz Corporation Chain saw with vibration-isolating devices
WO2012030261A1 (en) * 2010-09-01 2012-03-08 Husqvarna Ab Power tool exhaust cooling system
US20120073144A1 (en) * 2010-09-29 2012-03-29 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Portable Working Machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2506659B1 (en) 1985-07-12
AU528351B2 (en) 1983-04-28
GB2098272B (en) 1984-08-01
AU7053181A (en) 1982-11-18
FR2506659A1 (en) 1982-12-03

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