GB2097071A - Gaskets - Google Patents
Gaskets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2097071A GB2097071A GB8208528A GB8208528A GB2097071A GB 2097071 A GB2097071 A GB 2097071A GB 8208528 A GB8208528 A GB 8208528A GB 8208528 A GB8208528 A GB 8208528A GB 2097071 A GB2097071 A GB 2097071A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- gasket material
- carrier sheet
- metal
- gasket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000009123 Fibrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010073385 Fibrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/12—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
- F16J15/121—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement
- F16J15/122—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement generally parallel to the surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0204—Elements
- C09K2200/0213—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0217—Salts
- C09K2200/023—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0243—Silica-rich compounds, e.g. silicates, cement, glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0607—Rubber or rubber derivatives
Abstract
A cylinder head gasket material is fabricated from a metallic core which is perforated from both sides to have protruding tangs or flashing on both sides. Layers of wire gauze are applied to the two sides of the sheet, and the assembly is passed through a roller so that the gauze is firmly adhered to the sheet. A curable filler of aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, rubber and curing agents may be pressed into the voids of the compound material, for example during the rolling process. A cylinder head gasket may be cut out from the gasket material and metal eyelets provided at the combustion chamber openings.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to a gasket material
Description of Invention
The present invention relates to gasket material, more particularly to a gasket material intended for the manufacture of cylinder head gaskets as used on internal combustion engines.
The invention also relates to a gasket made from such a material.
For a long time it has been known to provide cylinder head gaskets made of a twill weave metal gauze, optionally with the weft wires covered with spun asbestos, there being a mixture of asbestos fibres, fillers, binders and curing agents both to fill the voids in the gauze, and to provide a soft material constituting the surfaces of the gasket material. Also it has been proposed to utilise soft gasket materials consisting of asbestos sheets which are rolled or calendered onto a perforated metal carrier, and which are subsequently impregnated by a polymer. Such asbestos sheets may be made of a conventional paper making machine and may be rolled onto the perforated metal carrier on such machines, or alternatively the asbestos sheet may be made from a ductile mixture containing asbestos fibres and binders, and such an asbestos sheet may be directly calendered onto the carrier sheet.
All the above mentioned prior proposed gasket material contain quite a substantial amount of asbestos fibrins. The asbestos offers the required high temperature resistance, and also the fibres are relatively elastic, and thus contribute to the desired elastic behaviour of the gasket material and any gaskets made from the material.
Asbestos is now considered to be a health hazard, since it has been determined that fine airborne asbestos dust, which is inevitably generated in any manufacturing process utilising asbestos, can cause pulmonary diseases. Thus the use of asbestos is increasingly being limited or banned throughout the world. Also, since asbestos is a natural product, it is the subject of progressive price increases because of the depletion of
resources. Consequently, for some time efforts
have been made to locate a suitable substitute for asbestos for use in gasket materials, such as organic synthetic polyamide fibres, and organic natural fibres such as cotton and also non-organic fibres such as rock wool or fibre glass. However, at the present time no satisfactory substitute for asbestos has been developed.
Any material to be used satisfactorily as a cylinder head gasket must have appropriate compressibility and recovery characteristics under dynamic and thermal stress. In the final analysis, it is this correlation which determines the suitability and behaviour of a cylinder head gasket material as a component constituting a sealed clamped joint between a cylinder block and a cylinder head.
It is to be appreciated that the requirements for a suitable cylinder head material are now even more stringent, since many engine manufacturers now specify that the cylinder head gasket must perform satisfactorily even if there is no "retorque operation", that is to say even if the cylinder head nuts are not re-tightened after the engine has been run for a short period of time.
As has been indicated, the various materials made from fibres intended to replace asbestos have not been found to be satisfactory, primarily because the materials have an unsatisfactory compression and recovery characteristic.
The present invention seeks to provide a cylinder head gasket material which reduces or obviates the disadvantages of prior proposed such materials, but nevertheless offers the desired features relating to compressibility and recovery.
According to one aspect of this invention there is provided a method of making a gasket material, said method comprising the steps of perforating a metal carrier sheet from both sides so that the sheet has perforations associated with tangs, flashing or the like extending away from both sides of the sheet, and firmly bonding two metal gauze layers to the opposed faces of the metal carrier sheet by the application of pressure thereto.
Preferably the two metal gauze layers are bonded to the metal carrier sheet by passing the two gauze layers and the carrier sheet through a roll or calendar.
Conveniently a filler is applied onto the surfaces of the metal gauze layers before the application of pressure, and is thus forced into the voids therein, said filler being a curable filler constituted by aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, rubber and curing agents.
According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a compound gasket material for the manufacture of cylinder head gaskets for internal combustion engines, said gasket material comprising a metal carrier sheet perforated from both sides and two metal gauze layers firmly bonded on to the metal carrier sheet.
The invention also relates to a method of making a cylinder head gasket comprising the steps of cutting out the outline of the cylinder head gasket from a sheet of gasket material in accordance with the invention, and optionally including the step of providing metallic eyelets in the area around the combustion chamber or chambers.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, and so that further features thereof may be appreciated, the invention will now be described by way of example.
A gasket material in accordance with the invention comprises a metallic carrier sheet.
Perforations are formed in the carrier sheet, for example by a punching operation, the punching operation being performed on both sides of the carrier sheet. The perforations are associated with protruding tangs or flashing or the like formed during the punching process, and these tangs are thus directed outwardly on both sides of the carrier sheet. Two metal gauze layers, such as twill gauze, are applied to the carrier sheet, one gauze layer being applied to each side of the sheet. The two gauze layers and the perforated carrier sheet are passed together through a roller or calendar where they are pressed together under a certain pressure. During this process the tangs protruding from the carrier sheet penetrate the metal gauze and the tangs and gauze are compounded under pressure to form a solid composite material.
Investigations have shown that a combination comprised by two metal gauze layers and the perforated metal sheet, without an additional soft material, offer the same, and in some instances even better, compression and recovery characteristics as the conventional asbestos containing material that has been used for decades. This is a surprising result, as the experts tended to believe that the conventional soft material was indespensible on account of the needed compressibility and conformability.
it is preferred, when manufacturing a gasket material in accordance with the invention, to utilise a curable filler of aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, rubber and curing agents which is applied on to the surface of the metal gauze layers, and rolled into the voids as the layers are passed through the roller or calendar with the carrier sheet. The filler only serves to fill the voids in the gasket material, and so improves the crosssectonal imperviousness and also the surface finish. This leads to improved micro-sealing. If such a filler is utilised it is no longer necessary to provide for additional sealing means around any coolant or lubricant passages passing from the cylinder block to the cylinder head. The actual compression characteristic of the metal compound gasket material is not affected in any way by this filler material.
Once a sheet of gasket material has been made by the above described process, further processing of the sheets takes place in accordance with the traditional manufacturing method of a cylinder head gasket. Thus the outline of the cylinder head gasket is cut out, and the area around the combustion chambers is provided with metallic eyelets.
It has been found that cylinder head gaskets made from a gasket material in accordance with the invention exhibited, from the very beginning, in engine tests good compressibility and relaxation properties, as well as a good torque retention of the cylinder head bolts, and thus no retorque operations were necessary.
It is believed that this property of high torque retention is due to the fact that, in contrast to soft gasket materials, a cylinder head gasket in accordance with the present invention undergoes only a relatively low thickness decrease when under dynamic and thermal stress in the engine.
Not only does this invention provide an asbestos-free gasket material, but at the same time it offers a gasket material that can be manufactured economically. A number of costly procedures like impregnating and drying, which are present in the conventional gasket manufacturing process, are not present in a process utilised to manufacture gasket material in accordance with the invention. Thus the total amount of energy consumed in the manufacturing process is substantially lower than what is required in making traditional gasket materials with a high soft material content.
Claims (13)
1. A method of making a gasket material, said method comprising the steps of perforating a metal carrier sheet from both sides so that the sheet has perforations associated with tangs, flashing or the like extending away from both sides of the sheet, and firmly bonding two metal gauze layers to the opposed faces of the metal carrier sheet by the application of pressure thereto.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the two metal gauze layers are bonded to the metal carrier sheet by passing the two gauze layers and the carrier sheet through a roll or calendar.
3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein a filler is applied onto the surfaces of the metal gauze layers before the application of pressure, and is thus forced into the voids therein, said filler being a curable filler constituted by aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, rubber and curing agents.
4. A compound gasket material for the manufacture of cylinder head gaskets for internal combustion engines, said gasket material comprising a metal carrier sheet perforated from both sides and two metal gauze layers firmly bonded on to the metal carrier sheet.
5. A gasket material according to claim 1 wherein said metal core is perforated in both sides so that tangs, flashing or the like protrude from both sides and said gauze layers are firmly bonded by being firmly pressed into contact with the central carrier sheet.
6. A gasket material according to claim 4 or claim 5 wherein a curable filler of aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, rubber and curing agents have been pressed into the voids on the surfaces of the gasket material.
7. A method of making a cylinder head gasket comprising the steps of making a gasket material by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and cutting out the outline of the cylinder head gasket.
8. A method according to claim 7 comprising the further step of providing the area around the combustion chamber or chambers with metallic eyelets.
9. A gasket material whenever made by method according to claims 1 to 3.
10. A cylinder head gasket whenever made by a method according to claims 7 or 8.
11. A method of making a cylinder head gasket material as herein described.
12. A method of making a cylinder head gasket substantially as herein described.
13. A cylinder head gasket material substantially as herein described.
1 4. A cylinder head gasket substantially as herein described.
1 5. Any novel feature or combination of features described herein.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813115949 DE3115949A1 (en) | 1981-04-22 | 1981-04-22 | METAL COMPOSITE SEALING MATERIAL, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CYLINDER HEAD GASKETS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2097071A true GB2097071A (en) | 1982-10-27 |
| GB2097071B GB2097071B (en) | 1985-06-05 |
Family
ID=6130571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8208528A Expired GB2097071B (en) | 1981-04-22 | 1982-03-23 | Improvements in or relating to a gasket material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3115949A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2504637B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2097071B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2361750A (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Federal Mogul Technology Ltd | Gasket compression limiters |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3523151A1 (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1987-01-08 | Goetze Ag | Flat gasket made of soft material |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE720856C (en) * | 1936-12-24 | 1942-05-18 | Kupfer Asbest Co | Sealing plate, especially for internal combustion engines |
| FR1023716A (en) * | 1950-08-24 | 1953-03-23 | Kupfer Asbest Co | Elastic product in sheets for waterproof joints |
-
1981
- 1981-04-22 DE DE19813115949 patent/DE3115949A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1982
- 1982-03-23 GB GB8208528A patent/GB2097071B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-22 FR FR8206955A patent/FR2504637B1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2361750A (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Federal Mogul Technology Ltd | Gasket compression limiters |
| GB2361750B (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2003-05-21 | Federal Mogul Technology Ltd | Gasket compression limiters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2504637B1 (en) | 1985-12-20 |
| GB2097071B (en) | 1985-06-05 |
| FR2504637A1 (en) | 1982-10-29 |
| DE3115949A1 (en) | 1982-11-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4629199A (en) | Vortex gasket with composition for high-temperature and high-pressure application | |
| US4748075A (en) | Flat sealing material made of a soft substance, particularly for the production of gaskets that are to be subjected to high stresses | |
| US2992151A (en) | Gasketing material | |
| US4214761A (en) | Packing construction | |
| DE69515938T3 (en) | friction lining | |
| US5306553A (en) | Impregnated flat gasket and method of producing the gasket | |
| US3661401A (en) | Gasket | |
| CA2133084A1 (en) | Gasket material | |
| US2197916A (en) | Gasket | |
| US6121168A (en) | Wet type paper friction material with combined improved friction characteristics and compression fatigue strength | |
| US3158526A (en) | Reinforced gasket products | |
| EP0646101B1 (en) | Non-asbestos flexible sheet material | |
| GB2083062A (en) | Friction lining material | |
| US2151410A (en) | Art of making dust guards and/or packing | |
| US4834279A (en) | Gasketing material and method of making same by densifying adhesive bonded facing layers to a metallic core | |
| KR830010167A (en) | Friction lining and its manufacturing method | |
| GB2097071A (en) | Gaskets | |
| US4448431A (en) | Cylinder head gasket | |
| US2360830A (en) | Gasket | |
| US2424567A (en) | Packing and method of making the same | |
| GB2047298A (en) | Gasket Material | |
| US1863521A (en) | Gasket and packing material | |
| US4501791A (en) | Non-woven fabric for V-belt bead wrap and chafer | |
| JP3621231B2 (en) | Gasket material | |
| US2040348A (en) | Saturated asbestos sheet for gaskets and packing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19970323 |