GB2091984A - Method and apparatus for producing rod-shaped elements - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing rod-shaped elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2091984A GB2091984A GB8138687A GB8138687A GB2091984A GB 2091984 A GB2091984 A GB 2091984A GB 8138687 A GB8138687 A GB 8138687A GB 8138687 A GB8138687 A GB 8138687A GB 2091984 A GB2091984 A GB 2091984A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- shaping
- conveyor
- region
- rod
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/0229—Filter rod forming processes
- A24D3/0233—Filter rod forming processes by means of a garniture
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- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Abstract
In the continuous production of rod-shaped elements, e.g. cigarette filters, which are resistant to deformation, from a filamentary and/or fibrous material which is interlaced and glued together, a strand shaping part (16) which completely surrounds the strand extends in the longitudinal direction of an endless conveyor and forming belt (6), and is arranged after a pressure air transport nozzle (7) which combines the strand; a hot gaseous and/or vaporous medium such as steam is introduced in the strand shaping part (16), before the strand is shaped to its final diameter, to penetrate the entire strand, and the strand is delivered with a reduced diameter from the shaping part in an approximately tension-free crimped state to the conveyor and forming belt (6), the resulting rod then being cut into rod-shaped elements. Cigarette filters thus produced may contain compartments or recesses. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to methods of and apparatus for producing rod-shaped elements
The invention relates to a method of the continuous production of rod-shaped elements, which are resistant to deformation, from a filamentary and/or fibrous material which is interlaced and glued together, in which a continuous strand consisting of a loose, crimped filamentary and/or fibrous material is fed by means of a pressure gas transport nozzle, which combines and conveys the latter forwards, to an endless, continuously circulating conveyor and forming belt, the strand material is fixed together and the resultant rod, which is resistant to deformation, is divided by means of a cutting device into rod-shaped sectional elements.The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing such a method, to cigarette filter units produced according to this method, and to uses of this method.
The American patent specification 3.111.702 discloses a method of producing rod-shaped elements, which are resistant to deformation, from material which is interlaced and glued together, in which a continuous strand of a fibrous material is impregnated with a binding agent and then pulled through a funnel-shaped compression member, thus compressing the strand material. The compressed strand is subsequently pulled through a steam inlet member and the entire circumference of the uncoated exterior of the strand slides directly over the inside of the steam inlet member. The crimping of the filaments or fibres is, however, reduced in an undesirable manner by the pulling which is necessary for drawing the strand through these parts.
According to another method known from the
American patent specification 3.050.430, the strand is delivered by a pressure gas transport nozzle to wrapping paper disposed on a conveyor belt and subsequently enveloped by the paper. It is not possible to fix the filaments or fibres together in this method.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of continuous production of rod-shaped elements which are resistant to deformation from a filamentary and/or fibrous material which is interlaced and glued together, in which a continuous strand of a loose, crimped filamentary and/or fibrous material is fed by means of a pressure gas transport nozzle, which combines and conveys the strand forward, to an endless continuously circulating conveyor and forming belt, and in which the strand material is fixed together and the resultant rod, which is resistant to deformation, is divided by means of a cutting device into rod-shaped sectional elements, wherein the strand, after leaving the pressure gas transport nozzle, is fed to a strand shaping part which is provided with a convergent strand shaping region, whose longitudinal axis extends in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor and forming belt, which strand shaping part completely surrounds the strand immediately after it leaves the pressure gas transport nozzle; is permeated with a hot gaseous and/or vapourous medium in the enclosed region of the shaping part before the delivery of the strand in at least an approximately tension-free crimped state to the conveyor and forming belt from the side of the strand surface facing the conveyor and forming belt to at least the centre of the strand cross section, and reduces, together with the conveyor and forming belt, the diameter of the delivered strand, a hot gaseous and/or vapourous medium is introduced before the strand is given its definite diameter and before the delivery by the strand shaping part from the side of the strand surface distance from the conveyor and forming belt to at least approximately the centre of the strand cross section, so that the entire strand cross section is penetrated by the said medium, and subsequently the strand which is thus treated is compressed to its definite cross section to obtain the rod, which is resistant to deformation, by means of the conveyor and forming belt.
It is thus possible to provide a method which, even in the case of strand speeds of up to 400 m/min and above, permits the continuous production of rod-shaped elements which, even without wrapping paper, are resistant to deformation, from filamentary and/ or fibrous material which is interlaced and glued together and which, upon glueing, was at least approximately in a tension-free, crimped state.
For the production of rod-shaped sectional elements provided with recesses or compartments, for example for the production of socalled "Cross-Flow" cigarette filters, it is advisable to engage the strand consisting of a loose filamentary and/or fibrous material, at least in the strand shaping region of the strand shaping part, with engagement elements, formed as compartment or recess forming elements, of a continuously circulating conveyor element.In this respect it is of advantage if the strand is wrapped in an approximately uniformly distributed manner about the compartment or recess forming elements in at least an approximately tensionfree, crimped state such that the material thickness is at least approximately the same in the compartment or recess forming region of the strand when viewed over the entire strand cross section and, after the strand has received its definitive cross section and the strand material has been fixed together, the compartment or recess forming elements are moved out of the rod which is resistant to deformation.
It is advisable to use a strand whose filaments and/or-fibres can be glued together by means of a binding agent which is contained in the strand and can be activated by heat. In this respect it is of advantage to use a strand whose filaments and/or fibres consist of cellulose acetate and to moisten the surface of these filaments and/or fibres with a softener.
It is also advisable to permeate the strand in the strand shaping region of the strand shaping part with steam having a temperature between 1 10 and 130 and, after the final strand cross sectional shape has been obtained, to pass a cooling gas, preferably air, through the strand material to fix the latter.
It is advisable, when producing "Cross
Flow" cigarette filters with two or more compartments or recesses, to engage the strand, consisting of a loose filamentary and/or fibrous material, with the compartment or recess forming elements, which follow one another in a mutually alternating manner and are arranged at least at two transport elements disposed in planes which are inclined with respect to one another and extend in the compartment or recess forming region through the longitudinal axis of the strand, so that compartments or recesses are formed whose compartment or recess openings are likewise disposed in an alternating manner on different sides of a plane extending through the longitudinaa axis of the strand.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention, comprising supply means for supplying a continuous strand consisting of loose crimped filamentary and/or fibrous material, a pressure gas transport nozzle for combining and conveying the strand forward, an endless continuously circulating conveyor and forming belt for enveloping and shaping the strand to its final cross section and including means for fixing the strand material together in the fianl cross sectional shape of the strand, and a cutting device for dividing the resultant rod, which is resistant to deformation, into rodshaped sectional elements, a strand shaping part being arranged downstream of the pressure gas transport nozzle, in the strand conveying direction and being provided with a strand shaping region extending with its longitudinal axis in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor and forming belt, the strand shaping part being provided in its strand inlet region with an inlet part which completely surrounds the entering strand, extends directly to the strand receiving point of the conveyor and forming belt, and is provided on its side facing the conveying and forming belt with a first introduction point, extending at least approximately over half the circumference of the strand to be shaped and comprising a plurality of surface distance from the conveyor and forming belt to at least approximately the centre of the strand cross section, so that the entire strand cross section is penetrated by the said medium, and subsequently the strand which is thus treated is compressed to its definite cross section to obtain the rod, which is resistant to deformation, by means of the conveyor and forming belt.
To prevent the heated gaseous and/or vapourous medium which is supplied to the first introduction point from losing too much heat in the supply line and for the rapid reduction of the excess pressure produced inside the strand by the hot medium introduced into the strand, it is of advantage if the pressure medium transport nozzle projects with play into the interior of the strand inlet region of the following strand shaping part. In this respect it is advisable, to prevent the surface of the strand from adhering in the inlet part, for the supply duct for supplying the hot medium to the first introduction point for heating the inlet part to extend along the outside of this inlet part.It is also advantageous, for the purpose of preventing the surface of the strand from adhering to the sliding surface of the adjacent remaining part of the strand shaping part, for at least a part of the outside of the strand shaping part to be covered by a covering part, thus forming a hot medium leakage gap, for a supply arrangement for supplying hot gaseous and/or vapourous heating medium to this leakage gap to be provided and for the second intorduction point to be formed by outlet bores leading on the one hand into this leakage gap and on the other hand into the strand shaping region formed by the strand shaping part.
To prevent an undesirable excess pressure building up inside the strand, it is advisable for the conveyor and forming belt to be permeable to gas, preferably porous.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the formation of a pronounced bulge on the external surface of the deformation-resistant rod between the facing longitudinal edges of the conveyor and forming belt, it is preferable to provide a slide member directly after the strand shaping part, when viewed in the conveying direction, which passes with no play, as far as possible, between the side edges of the conveyor and shaping belt, surrounding the continuous strand in this region in the manner of a tube, and which can be placed on the surface of the continuous strand and preferably to provide adjusting means for the accurate adjustment of the slide part with respect to the continuous strand.
If a pressure gas transport nozzle is used which comprises a convergent inlet part, then an opening for the passage of the strand, which is at least approximately cylindrical, and, between these two parts, a preferably annular pressure gas introduction nozzle directed in a conical manner towards the inter ior of the opening for the passage of the strand, it is advantageous for the opening for the passage of the strand to lead into a second convergent inlet part of the transport nozzle, the ratio of the inlet diameter of the second convergent inlet part to the diameter of the opening for the passage of the strand being in the region of 1.2 to 1.8 and preferably at least approximately 1.5.In this respect it is advisable for the surface line of the second convergent inlet part to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the latter by an angle of between 6" and 14", preferably at least approximately 10 . It is also advisable for the outlet diameter of the second convergent inlet part to be greater than the diameter of the opening for the passage of the strand, preferably by approximately 10%.
In order to obtain an optimum transport effect, it is of advantage for the conical jet, formed by the mean jet direction, of the pressure gas leaving the pressure gas introduction nozzle and the cylindrical surface area of the opening for the passage of the strand to intersect at an angle of between 19 and 25 after the outlet opening of the second convergent inlet part, when viewed in the conveying direction of the strand, but in front of the first introduction point provided in the strand shaping part.
In order to reduce as quickly as possible the excess pressure produced in the strand by the action of the transport nozzle, it is advisable for the outlet cross section formed between the pressure gas transport nozzle and the strand inlet region, surrounding the latter, of the following strand shaping part to be at least twice as large as the outlet cross section of the pressure gas introduction nozzle.
In order to obtain a transition from the transport nozzle to the conveyor and forming belt which has the lowest possible resistance, it is advisable for the longitudinal axes of the pressure gas transport nozzle, of the strand shaping part and the subsequent conveying direction of the strand or rod to extend in a common, straight line.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cigarette filter unit produced by the method according to the invention.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided an use of the method according to the invention for producing cigarette filters comprising at least two separate compartments or recesses.
The invention will be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for producing "Cross-Flow" cigarette filters provided with compartments;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through a cigarette filter with "Cross-Flow" effect produced by the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;
Figure 3 is a section along the line Ill-Ill of
Fig. 2;
Figures 4 to 11 are different sections along the line IV to Xl of Fig. 1;
Figure 12 is a longitudinal section through the part A of Fig. 1 on an enlarge scale;
Figure 13 is a section similar to Fig. 7 to show the arrangement of two forming chains in the production of "Cross-Flow" cigarette filters with two compartments;
Figure 14 is a plan view onto the filter rod produced according to Fig. 13;;
Figure 15 is a longitudinal section similar to
Fig. 2 through a "Cross-Flow" cigarette filter procied with two compartments;
Figure 16 is a longitudinal section similar to
Fig. 1 2 through a second embodiment of the strand supply and shaping part of an apparatus according to the invention for producing cigarette filter units which are not enveloped by paper;
Figure 1 7 is a section along the line
XVII-XVII of Fig. 16; and
Figure 18 is a section along the line
XVII-XVII of Fig. 16.
As can be seen from Fig. 1, a cellulose acetate strand 1 is drawn off a ball 2 in the illustrated device and then fed to a crimping and stretching device 3 and moistened with softener in a chamber 4.
The flat strand 1 which is thus treated is subsequently divided in a unit 5 and, so that the strand fibres can be combined in a uniform manner to form a loose strand with a circular cross section and so that the latter can be conveyed and forming belt 6, it is conveyed to a pressure air transport nozzle 7, the arrangement and construction of which is also shown in Fig. 1 2 on an enlarged scale.
As can be seen in particular from Fig. 12, the pressure air transport nozzle 7 has a first convergent inlet part 8, followed by a cylindrical opening 9 for the passage of the strand and, disposed between these two parts, an annular pressure air introduction nozzle 10, which is operatively oriented in a conical manner in the strand conveying direction towards the interior of the opening 9 for the passage of the strand. In order to increase the conveying effect of the transport nozzle 7 so that the strand is delivered to the conveyor and forming belt 6 in the loosest possible state, the opening 9 for the passage of the strand leads into a directly adjacent second convergent inlet part 11 of the transport nozzle 7 and the ratio of the inlet diameter d2 of the second convergent inlet part 11 to the diameter d, of the opening 9 for the passage of the strand is approximately 1.5.This sudden diameter difference between d, and d2 gives rise to strong air turbulences at the inner wall of the second convergent inlet part
11 which serve as an air cushion for the continuous strand 1 and also prevent this strand 1 coming into contact with this inner wall of the second convergent inlet part 11.
The surface lines 1 2 of the second convergent inlet part 11 are inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the latter by an angle of fi of approximately 10 .
The outlet diameter d3 of the second convergent inlet part 11 is approximately 10+ greater than the diameter d1 of the opening 9 for the passage of the strand. In order to obtain the best possible conveying effect, the conical jet 13, formed by the mean jet direction, of the pressure air leaving the pressure air introduction nozzle 10 and the cylindrical surface area 14 of the opening 9 for the passage of the air intersect at an angle a of approximately 22" after the outlet opening 1 5 of the second convergent inlet part 11, when viewed in the conveying direction of the strand 1, but in front of the first steam introduction point 1 7 provided in the strand shaping part 1 6.
The strand shaping part 16, which is provided with a convergent strand shaping region 1 8 extending with its longitudinal axis in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor and forming belt 6, is provided in its strand inlet region with an inlet part 1 9 which completely surrounds the entering strand 1 and extends directly as far as the strand receiving point 20 of the conveyor and forming belt 6.The inlet part 1 9 of the strand shaping part 1 6 is provided on its lower half, facing the conveyor and forming belt 6, of the inwardly directed strand guide surface with a first introduction point, extending approximately over half the circumference of the strand 1 to be shaped and comprising a plurality of outlet openings 17, for supplying steam heated to a temperature of approximately 1 20 C to the lower strand cross sectional part, which is initially in engagement with the conveyor and forming belt 6 and then covered by the latter. The following part of the strand shaping part 16 forms, together with the conveyor and forming belt 6, which in this section forms a part of the outside of the strand shaping region, the actual strand strand shaping region 18.
Following half the length of the strand shaping part 16, the latter is provided in the circumferential part of the continuous strand surface not yet covered by the outlet openings 1 7 of the first steam introduction point with a steam introduction point, provided with a plurality of outlet openings 21, for introducing steam heated to a temperature of approximately 1 20 C into the remaining lower cross sectional part of the strand which has not yet been treated, so that, before it receives its definitive cross section and before it is completely surrounded by the conveyor and forming belt 6, the entire strand cross section is completely permeated with steam.
In order to reduce, as quickly as possible,
the undesirable excess pressure which is in
the strand immediately after leaving the trans
port nozzle 7 and in order for the lower half of
the strand to be permeated, as far as possible, with fresh, hot steam, the pressure air trans
port nozzle 7 extends with play into the strand
inlet region of the following strand shaping
part 1 6. The outflow cross section 54 formed
between the pressure air transport nozzle 7
and the strand inlet region of the following
strand shaping part 1 6 surrounding the nozzle
7 is at least twice as large as the outflow
cross section of the pressure air introduction
nozzle 10.
In order that the strand 1, which is
moistened with the softener, may slide over
the inside of the strand shaping part 1 6 with
the least possoble frictional resistance, the
strand shaping part 16 is heated. This is
achieved in that the supply duct 50 for sup
plying hot steam to the first introduction point 1 7 for heating the inlet part 1 9 of the strand
shaping part 1 6 extends in the latter along its
entire circumference. Furthermore, the re
maining part of the outside of the strand
shaping part 1 6 is covered by a cover part
52, thus forming a steam leakage gap 51,
and a supply line 53 is provided for introduc
ing heated steam into this leakage gap 51.
The second steam introduction point is formed
by outlet bores 21 which lead on the one
hand into this leakage gap 51 and on the
other hand into the strand shaping region 1 8 formed by the strand shaping part 16. Owing to the flow of steam caused by this leakage
gap 51, the steam entering the strand 1 via
the bores 21 is always sufficiently hot, even
without a large volumetric flow through the
strand 1. In order to further reduce the excess
pressure in the strand 1 before the latter is
compressed to the definitive cross section, a
porous conveyor and forming belt 6 is used
and the bearing surface for the latter is pro
vided with relief bores 56 in the region of the
strand shaping part 16, i.e. in the region
where the loose strand 1 is compressed to the
definitive cross section.
As can be seen from Figs. 1, 6 and 12, for
the purpose of producing so-called "Cross
Flow" cigarette filters the strand 1 which is
thus treated is in this way continuously
brought, in its loose state, into engagement
with the compartment or recess forming ele
ments 23, which are secured to a conveyor
belt 22 and continuously circulate with the
latter. The conveyor belt 22 can, for example,
consist of a reinforced toothed wheel belt, to
which the compartment forming elements 23
are secured and which simultaneously exter
nally closes the strand shaping region 18, as
can be seen particularly from Fig. 6.
The strand fibres are uniformly placed
around the compartment forming elements 23
by the strand shaping part 16, are held with
out tension in absolute synchronisation with the conveyor and forming belt 6 on account of the compartment forming elements, are gradually pressed closer around the compartment forming elements 23, are reduced to a smaller strand diameter, the strand 1, which is thus formed around the compartment forming elements 23, is then enveloped by the conveyor and forming belt 6 and gradually compressed further to the required definitive diameter.
A cooling part 24 (see also Fig. 8) is arranged at the end of the forming stretch for the purpose of conveying cold air through the finished strand 1, in order to fix the individual fibres of the strand in position with respect to one another.
Once the rod shape is fixed, the compartment forming elements 23 are withdrawn from the compartments 25 which they have formed. Owing to the fact that, even when the strand feed speeds are 300 m/min and above, the compartment forming elements 23 are embedded in the strand material for a relatively long time while the position of the latter is being fixed and are only released from the deformation-resistant rod, which is thus formed, when the fibre fixing operation has been completed, a very dimensionally stable and geometrically true rod 1', provided with compartment 25, is obtained.
The rod 1', which is thus formed, is then conveyed to an enveloping station 26 where, by means of a continuous pressure belt 27, lying on the upper side of the rod 1', any fibres projecting upwards as a result of the withdrawal of the compartment forming parts 23 from the compartments 25 formed by the latter are again pressed against the surface of the rod, so as to give the rod 1' a neat, uniform exterior. An enveloping strip 28, the width of which is slightly greater than the circumference of the rod 1' which it is to envelop and which strip 28 may also be porous, is simultaneously supplied from below and was provided at the adhesive application station 29 on the side which comes into contact with the surface of the rod with an adhesive which can be softened by heat.This adhesive is heated in the enveloping station 26 by means of a heating part 30, which can be pressed from below against the rod 1', and the enveloping strip 28 is thus glued to the lower side of the rod 1'.
It is of course also possible to dispense with this enveloping strip 28, as the rod 1' is sufficiently inherently stable per se.
The rod 1', which is thus formed and partially enveloped, is then conveyed to a forming part 32 by a further conveyor belt 31, in which part 32 the enveloping strip 28 is placed around the rod 1' in a known manner in the form of a closed tube.
In order to connect the enveloping strip edges, which now overlap one another, the adhesive of the part of the enveloping strip 28 which has not yet been glued to the rod 1 is then softened in a heating station 33, also in a known manner, by a heating part 34 which bears on the entire upper half of the rod in order to obtain an accurate outer diameter, the adhesive is set in a subsequent cooling station 35 by means of a cooling part 36 cooled, for example, by water and the enveloping strip 28 is thus completely glued to the outside of the rod 1'.
The heatable element 34 is secured so that it can be pivoted upwards and can therefore be raised from the stationary enveloping strip 28 when the device is at a standstill.
Once the filter strand has been glued together, it is conveyed to a separating device 37, where it is divided such that the length of the filter structure is four or six times the length of a single filter unit intended for one cigarette, as is generally the case.
As can be seen from Fig. 13, it is also possible, for the production of "Cross-Flow" cigaretter filters with two compartments or recesses 25, 25' which are, for example, formed differently (see Fig. 1 4), to form compartments or recesses 25, 25 by means of two conveyor elements 23, 23', which are arranged in planes which are inclined with respect to one another and extend through the longitudinal axis of the strand in the compartment or recess forming region, the openings 38, 38' of which compartments or recesses 25, 25' thus being also disposed in an alternating manner, on different sides of a plane extending through the longitudinal axis of the strand.
In an embodiment of this type of the rod 1' provided with two compartments 25, 25' it is also possible, for example, to fill consecutive compartments 25 and 25' with different granulated material by filling the first material through the compartment filling holes 38, disposed on a first strand surface line 39 and formed by the first conveyor belt 22 provided with the compartment forming elements 23, and the second material through the compartment filling holes 38' disposed on a second strand surface line 40 and formed by the second conveyor element 22' provided with compartment forming elements 23'. This method is particularly suitable if one wishes to use two filter materials which, in order to make optimum use of their effectiveness, should not be mixed.
Figs. 1 6 to 1 8 show a second embodiment, given by way of example, of the strand supply and forming arrangement of a device for producing "Cross-Flow" cigarette filter units, which are not enveloped by a wrapping paper and do not have compartments, so-called "Non-wrapped" cigarette filters.
The parts similar to the first exemplary embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 1 2 are provided in Figs. 1 6 to 1 8 with the same reference numbers, so that a repeated descrip tion of these analogous parts is unnecessary.
In order to avoid the formation of an outwardly projecting ridge extending along the filter element rod in this embodiment, a slide part 43, which can be disposed between the side edges of the conveyor and shaping belt 6 on the upper side of the solidifying rod 1' and can be accurately adjusted by means of adjusting and stop screws 41 and 42, respectively, is provided in the region of the 600 mm long cooling stretch.
The rod 1', without compartments, which is produced with this arrangement at strand feed speeds of up to 400 m/min., is conveyed in a known manner, after the cooling stretch, to a separating device and divided into individual cigarette filter sections.
Claims (26)
1. A method of continuous production of rod-shaped elements which are resistant to deformation from a filamentary and/or fibrous material which is interlaced and glued together, in which a continuous strand of a loose, crimped filamentary and/or fibrous material is fed by means of a pressure gas transport nozzle, which combines and conveys the strand forward, to an endless continuously circulating conveyor and forming belt, and in which the strand material is fixed together and the resultant rod, which is resistant to deformation, is divided by means of a cutting device into rod-shaped sectional elements, wherein the strand, after leaving the pressure gas transport nozzle, is fed to a strand shaping part which is provided with a convergent strand shaping region, whose longitudinal axis extends in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor and forming belt, which strand shaping part completely surrounds the strand immediately after it leaves the pressure gas transport nozzle; is permeated with a hot gaseous and/or vapourous medium in the enclosed region of the shaping part before the delivery of the strand in at least an approximately tension-free crimped state to the conveyor and forming belt from the side of the strand surface facing the conveyor and forming belt to at least the centre of the strand cross section, and reduces, together with the conveyor and forming belt, the diameter of the delivered strand, a hot gaseous and/or vapourous medium is introduced before the strand is given its definite diameter and before the delivery by the strand shaping part from the side of the strand surface distance from the conveyor and forming belt to at least approximately the centre of the strand cross section, so that the entire strand cross section is penetrated by the said medium, and subsequently the strand which is thus treated is compressed to its definite cross section to obtain the rod, which is resistant to deformation, by means of the conveyor and forming belt.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which, in order to produce rod-shaped sectional elements provided with compartments or recesses, the strand, consisting of the loose filamentary and/or fibrous material, is brought into engagement at least in the strand shaping region of the strand shaping part with engagement elements, formed as compartment or recess forming elements, of continuously circulating conveyor element.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, in which the strand is wrapped in at least an approximately uniform manner about the compartment or recess forming elements in at least an approximately tension-free, crimped state such that the material thickness is at least approximately the same in the compartment or recess forming region of the strand when viewed over the entire strand cross section and, after the strand has received its definitive cross section and the strand material has been fixed together, the compartment or recess forming elements are moved out of the rod which is resistant to deformation.
4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which a strand is used whose filaments and/or fibres are capable of being glued together by means of a binding agent which is contained in the strand and can be activated by heat.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, in which a strand is used whose filaments and/ or fibres consist of cellulose acetate and are moistened on their surface by a softener.
6. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the strand is permeated in the strand shaping region of the strand shaping part with steam having a temperature of between 110 and 130"C and, after the final strand cross sectional shape has been obtained, a cooling gas, preferably air, is passed through the strand material to fix the strand material.
7. A method as claimed in claim 2 or 3, in which the strand, consisting of a loose, filamentary and/or fibrous material, is engaged with the compartment or recess forming elements, which follow one another in a mutually alternating manner in the compartment or recess forming region and which are arranged on least at two transport elements disposed in planes which are inclined with respect to one another and extend in the compartment or recess forming region through the longitudinal axis of the strand, thus forming compartments or recesses whose compartment or recess openings are disposed in an alternating manner on different sides of a plane extending through the longitudinal axis of the strand.
8. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, in which at least the surface regions of the strand shaping part which come into contact with the continuous strand are heated.
9. An apparatus for performing the method of claim 1, comprising supply means for supplying a continuous strand consisting of loose crimped filamentary and/or fibrous material, a pressure gas transport nozzle for combining and conveying the strand forward, an endless continuously circulating conveyor and forming belt for enveloping and shaping the strand to its final cross section and including means for fixing the strand material together in the final cross sectional shape of the strand, and a cutting device for dividing the resultant rod, which is resistant to deformation, into rod-shaped sectional elements, a strand shaping part being arranged downstream of the pressure gas transport nozzle, in the strand conveying direction and being provided with a strand shaping region extending with its longitudinal axis in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor and forming belt, the strand shaping part being provided in its strand inlet region with an inlet part which completely surrounds the entering strand, extends directly to the strand receiving point of the conveyor and forming belt, and is provided on its side facing the conveying and forming belt with a first introduction point, extending at least approximately over half the circumference of the strand to be shaped and comprising a plurality of outlet openings, for conveying heated gaseous and/or vapourous medium into the cross sectional part of the strand which is initially in engagement with the conveyor and forming belt, the subsequent part of the strand shaping part, together with the conveyor and forming belt forming, in this section, a part of the outside of the strand shaping region, forming the strand shaping region and being provided with a second introduction point, comprising a plurality of outlet openings in the part of the continuous strand surface not covered by the inlet openings of the first introduction point for conveying hot gaseous and/or vapourous medium into the remaining cross sectional part of the strand which has not yet been treated.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, in which the pressure gas transport nozzle extends with play into the strand inlet region of the following strand shaping part.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9 or 10, in which a supply duct for supplying the heated medium to the first introduction point for heating the inlet part of the strand shaping part extends along the outside of the inlet part and is connected thereto in a heat-conducting manner.
12. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 11, in which at least a part of the outside of the strand shaping part is covered by a covering part to form a hot medium leakage gap, a supply arrangement for supplying hot gaseous and/or vapourous medium to the leakage gap being provided and the second introduction point being formed by outlet bores leading into the leakage gap and strand shaping region formed by the strand shaping part.
1 3. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12, in which the conveyor and shaping belt is permeable to gas, preferably porous.
1 4. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 13, in which a slide part is provided directly downstream of the strand shaping part in the conveying direction, passes with substantially no play between the side edges of the conveyor and shaping belt, surrounding the continuous strand in this region in the manner of a tube, and is arranged to be placed on the surface of the continuous strand, adjusting means preferably being provided for the accurate adjustment of the slide part with respect to the continuous strand.
1 5. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 14, in which the pressure gas transport nozzle comprises a convergent inlet part, an at least approximately cylindrical opening for the passage of the strand and, between the inlet part and the opening, a preferably annular pressure gas introduction nozzle, which is operatively oriented in a conical manner in the conveying direction of the strand towards the interior of the opening for the passage of the strand, the opening for the passage of the strand leading into a second convergent inlet part of the transport nozzle, the ratio of the inlet diameter of the second convergent inlet part to the diameter of the opening for the passage of the strand being in the region of 1.2 to 1.8 and preferably at least approximately 1.5.
1 6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15, in which the surface lines of the second convergent inlet part are inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the latter by an angle of between 6" and 14", preferably of at least approximately 10 .
1 7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 5 or 16, in which the outlet diameter of the second convergent inlet part is greater than the diameter of the opening for the passage of the strand, preferably by approximately 10%.
1 8. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 5 to 17, in which the conical jet, formed by the the mean jet direction, of the pressure gas leaving the pressure gas introduction nozzle and the cylindrical surface area of the opening for the passage of the strand intersect, preferably at an angle of between 19 and 25 , downstream of the outlet opening of the second convergent inlet part in the conveying direction of the strand but upstream of the first introduction point provided in the strand shaping part.
19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10 when dependent on claim 15, in which the outlet cross section formed between the pressure gas transport nozzle and the strand inlet region, surrounding the latter, of the following strand shaping part is at least twice as large as the outlet cross section of the pressure gas introduction nozzle.
20. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 5 to 19, in which the longitudinal axes of the pressure gas transport nozzle of the strand shaping part and the subsequent conveying direction of the strand or the rod extend in a common straight line.
21. A method of producing rod-shaped elements, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
22. An apparatus for producing rodshaped elements, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
23. A cigarette filter unit produced by a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 and 21.
24. A cigarette filter unit as claimed in claim 23, comprising a plurality of cigarette filters, each of which is provided with at least one compartment or recess.
25. Use of a method as claimed in claim 7 or 8 for producing cigarette filters containing at least two separate compartments or recesses.
26. Use of a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 and 21 for producing fibre rods intended for fibre tipped pens.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH955980 | 1980-12-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2091984A true GB2091984A (en) | 1982-08-11 |
Family
ID=4353245
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8138687A Pending GB2091984A (en) | 1980-12-24 | 1981-12-23 | Method and apparatus for producing rod-shaped elements |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57163480A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3150831A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2498643A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2091984A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1168341B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0269915A2 (en) * | 1986-11-29 | 1988-06-08 | Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the manufacture of tobacco smoke filter rods |
| US5203757A (en) * | 1986-11-29 | 1993-04-20 | Rhone Poulenc Rhodia Ag | Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filter rods |
| EP0546519A2 (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-06-16 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd | Air jet for producing filter plug for cigarette |
| EP0919144A1 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-02 | Hauni Maschinenbau AG | Method and device for treating a stream of filter tow |
| ITBO20100693A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-20 | Montrade S R L | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PNEUMATIC ADVANCEMENT OF A CONTINUOUS CORD OF FILTERING MATERIAL FOR SMOKE ITEMS |
| US20140171281A1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-06-19 | Kie Seon Park | Methods and Apparatuses for Manufacture of Smoking Article Filters |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4522616A (en) * | 1982-03-10 | 1985-06-11 | Celanese Corporation | Method and apparatus for forming cigarette filter rods |
| US7381175B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2008-06-03 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Compound filter rod making apparatus and process |
| JP2012239437A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-12-10 | Daicel Corp | Tow transport jet |
| CN104026726A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-10 | 龙岩烟草工业有限责任公司 | Cabo pressing machine lubricating system and method |
| DE102014221146A1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-21 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Transfer device of a filter rod machine and method for operating a filter rod machine of the tobacco processing industry |
| CN105455192B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-21 | 蚌埠卷烟材料厂 | A kind of double-layer coaxial core filter-stick forming device |
| CN107605387B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2020-10-30 | 东华大学 | Ultraviolet-proof nanofiber composite screen window and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3050430A (en) * | 1959-11-12 | 1962-08-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | Jet and method of filter manufacture |
| CH627056A5 (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1981-12-31 | Baumgartner Papiers Sa |
-
1981
- 1981-12-22 DE DE19813150831 patent/DE3150831A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-12-23 IT IT09601/81A patent/IT1168341B/en active
- 1981-12-23 FR FR8124099A patent/FR2498643A1/en active Pending
- 1981-12-23 GB GB8138687A patent/GB2091984A/en active Pending
- 1981-12-23 JP JP56208992A patent/JPS57163480A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0269915A2 (en) * | 1986-11-29 | 1988-06-08 | Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the manufacture of tobacco smoke filter rods |
| EP0269915A3 (en) * | 1986-11-29 | 1989-07-05 | Rhodia Ag | Method and device for the manufacture of tobacco smoke filter rods |
| US5106357A (en) * | 1986-11-29 | 1992-04-21 | Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Ag | Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filter rods |
| US5203757A (en) * | 1986-11-29 | 1993-04-20 | Rhone Poulenc Rhodia Ag | Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filter rods |
| EP0546519A2 (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-06-16 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd | Air jet for producing filter plug for cigarette |
| EP0546519A3 (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1995-02-22 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Air jet for producing filter plug for cigarette |
| EP0919144A1 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-02 | Hauni Maschinenbau AG | Method and device for treating a stream of filter tow |
| US6059706A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 2000-05-09 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Method of and apparatus for treating a filter tow |
| ITBO20100693A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-20 | Montrade S R L | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PNEUMATIC ADVANCEMENT OF A CONTINUOUS CORD OF FILTERING MATERIAL FOR SMOKE ITEMS |
| US20140171281A1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-06-19 | Kie Seon Park | Methods and Apparatuses for Manufacture of Smoking Article Filters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3150831A1 (en) | 1982-08-05 |
| IT8109601A0 (en) | 1981-12-23 |
| IT1168341B (en) | 1987-05-20 |
| JPS57163480A (en) | 1982-10-07 |
| FR2498643A1 (en) | 1982-07-30 |
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