GB2085102A

GB2085102A - Isolating or Damping Load or Vibration

Info

Publication number: GB2085102A
Application number: GB8129749A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Vysoka Skola Dopravy a Spojov
Current assignee: Vysoka Skola Dopravy a Spojov
Priority date: 1980-10-10
Filing date: 1981-10-02
Publication date: 1982-04-21
Also published as: CH652178A5; DE3138504A1; FR2492025A1; GB2085102B; CS214285B1; JPS5790443A

Abstract

The damper comprises a base block (1) resting on the ground or foundation (6) and a load supporting block (4) disposed thereabove and supporting an object (7), such as a machine. The adjacent faces of the two blocks are provided with mirror- symmetric recesses diverging towards each other and delimiting a cavity between the two blocks (1,4). In the cavity is received two discrete parts (2,3) interconnected by a prestressed spring element (5) which forces them apart. The elements have walls diverging at the same angle ??? as the recesses. The walls of the elements (2, 3) are forced by the force of the spring element (5) into contact with the walls of the recesses, so that frictional contact takes place between said walls when the supporting block (4) is displaced relative to the base block (1) to compensate for load or pressure of object (7). The absorber may be inserted into volute or cylindrical spring-loading elements. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION A Load and Oscillation Absorber The present invention reiates to a load and oscillation absorber of the sliding type (or frictional isolator or damper of vibrations) having constant cross-section, which is designed for both actively or passively spring-loading or resiliently supporting machinery or other apparatus and which is operable at a selectable degree of damping. The absorber is also suitable to be used as an auxiliary damper for oscillatory objects and systems, assumes the function of a dynamic filter preventing the spring-loaded object from being exposed to an acceleration value exceeding the value which is desired from the viewpoint of the operation for which the respective object has been determined.

The spring-loading which has been carried out by known elements, such as helical, leaf, disc or other spring elements has been disadvantageous from both economical and constructional views.

In case of spring-loading the machines which produce pulse effects by conventional spring elements, the objects to be spring-loaded tend to bounce. In such cases it is necessary to raise a static prestress of springs by loading the base block below the actual machinery element whereby, however, the spring-loading work lays relatively high claims on ground plan and depth dimensions of the machinery foundation. For this reason, the foundation work becomes more expensive and time-consuming. Particularly considerable problems are encountered with a passive spring-loading work with shock-sensitive plants installed in the vicinity of machinery which produce dynamic effects.Among such shocksensitive objects there can be named, for example electronic controlling and monitoring appliances as well as delicate nodes of machinery and manufacturing iines, sensitive technological devices, laboratory and testing apparatus, computers, accessories thereof, or the like.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the drawbacks of prior art as hereinabove referred to and to provide an improved load and oscillation absorber of sliding type having a constant cross-section and being operable at a selectable degree of damping, which absorber, according to the invention, comprises a base block adapted to rest on the ground and provided with a wedge-like recess the walls of which converge downwards, making with the vertical an angle of less than 1 800, a support block disposed above said base block and provided with a similar recess the walls of which converge upwards, forming with the vertical the same angle as the walls of said base block recess so that the two recesses are situated in a mirror symmetry relative to each other, further a first prismatic element of triangular cross-section, and a second prismatic element of triangular crosssection, the two said elements being received in the cavity formed by two said recesses in the two said blocks so that their walls bear upon the respective walls of the block recesses while the bases of said prismatic elements facing each other are provided each with a recess for receiving a prestressed spring element which couples the two said prismatic elements to each other.

Due to reduced ground plan and depth dimensions of the machine foundation, the installation of the load and oscillation absorber according to the invention leads to a substantial reduction of costs to be expended on the springloaded work since any foundation element between the machine and the spring-loading elements as well as any additional dampers can be omitted. The relatively small dimensions and a constant cross-section of the absorber make it possible to insert it into ordinary volute or cylindrical spring elements which arrangement enables the absorber to be installed in the existing spring-loading elements without any claims on additional reconstruction investment.

A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing.

The drawing shows a load and oscillation absorber (a frictional isolator or damper of vibrations) which comprises a base block 1 provided with a wedge-like or conical recess the walls of which converge downwards, making with the vertical angle ç which does not exceed 1800.

The base block 1 rests on the ground or foundation 6. Above the base block 1 is disposed the top part of the absorber, which part is constituted by a load supporting block 4 provided with a similar wedge-like or conical recess the walls of which converge upwards, forming the same angle qw' with the vertical as that of the base block recess so that the two blocks 1 and 4 are situated in a mirror symmetry relative to each other.

In the cavity formed by the two recesses in the two blocks 1 and 4 are received two substantially prismatic or part double-conical elements 2, 3 each substantially triangular in section. The outer walls of the elements 2 and 3 which face the respective walls of the recesses in the blocks 1 and 4 form with the vertical the same angle q7 or qw' as hereinabove set forth in connection with the walls of the block recesses.

As can be seen in the drawing, inner faces of said prismatic elements 2 and 3 which face each other are recessed. In said recesses, which also face and are in register with each other, a prestressed spring element 5 is arranged.

The load supporting block 4 is designed for carrying an object 7 to be spring-loaded (resiliently supported) thereby.

Due to the spring element 5, which latter couples the two elements 2 and 3 together, being prestressed said elements are expanded in opposite directions from each other while being pressed on to the adjacent mating walls of the blocks 1 and 4.

If the load supporting block 4 is exposed to the weight of the object 7 or to the pressure of an oscillatory inertia mass, the spring elements 5 is compressed while the block recess walls and the respective mating walls of the two prismatic elements 2 and 3 slide upon each other, whereby the load or pressure of the object 7 is compensated for.

Claims

1. A load and oscillation absorber of the sliding type having a constant cross-section and being operable at a selectable degree of damping, comprising, in combination, a base block adapted to rest on the ground or foundation and provided with a wedge-like recess the walls of which converge downwards, making with the vertical an angle of less than 1 80o, a load supporting block disposed above said base block and provided with a similar recess the walls of which converge upwards, making with the vertical the same angle as the walls of said base block recess so that the two recesses are situated in a mirror symmetry relative to each other, further a first prismatic element substantially triangular in section, and a second prismatic element substantially triangular in section, the two elements being received in the cavity formed by the two recesses in the two blocks so that their walls bear upon the adjacent walls of the block recesses while the faces of said elements facing each other are provided each with a recess for receiving a prestressed spring element which couples the two said prismatic elements to and simultaneously forces them apart.

2. A fricational isolator or damper of vibratioris which has a constant cross-section, constructed, arranged and adapted to operate substantially as herein described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawing.

3. An object supported by at least one absorber according to Claim 1 or isolator or damper according to Claim 2.