GB2079020A - Method of generating input signals for subtractive combination - Google Patents
Method of generating input signals for subtractive combination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2079020A GB2079020A GB8017718A GB8017718A GB2079020A GB 2079020 A GB2079020 A GB 2079020A GB 8017718 A GB8017718 A GB 8017718A GB 8017718 A GB8017718 A GB 8017718A GB 2079020 A GB2079020 A GB 2079020A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- sequence
- input signals
- signals
- rails
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/16—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/18—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3696—Generation of voltages supplied to electrode drivers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
In a method of generating input signals for subtractive combination in a circuit such as a multiplexed liquid crystal driver circuit, the respective signals to the substrate (S) and back plate (BP) electrodes have voltage levels representing the logic states Son, Soff, BPon, BPoff taken from the rails or tappings of a voltage divider typically formed from substantially equal resistors R1, R2, R3. The signals comprise two alternate parts produced by switching over, e.g. by MOS drivers, the supply to the voltage rails A, B of the voltage divider, thus ensuring minimal DC component in the subtractively combined output voltages S-BP, in spite of any mismatch in the resistors. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method of generating input signals for subtractive combination
The present invention relates to a method of generating input signals for subtractive combination in pairs in an electronic circuit, in particular a muitiplexing LCD (liquid Crystal
Display) driver circuit.
In various electronic circuits a voltage is produced by the subtractive combination of two input signals. It is sometimes a requirement that the voltage should be an alternating voltage with no overall DC component and the voltage levels of the input signals are arranged to give this. However, these voltage levels are usually generated from a resistive voltage divider connected between fixed voltage rails and any variation in the resistance values, such as can easily occur with diffused resistors, will cause an error in the voltage levels which can lead to an overall DC component in the alternating voltage.
This problem is particularly acute in the driving of Liquid Crystal displays (LCDs) where
DC component across the LCD plates reduces the life of the LCD, and where such LCDs are driven by multiplexing circuits in which two sets of signals are subtractively combined to give the drive voltages.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of generating input signals for subtractive combinations in pairs in an electronic circuit, each input signal comprising a first sequence of voltage levels followed by a second sequence of voltage levels each sequence represent the same sequence of logic states and each voltage level of each input being taken from a respective tapping on the same voltage divider connected between two voltage rails, wherein each tapping determines both the voltage level in the first sequence and that in the second sequence representing a given logic state, the voltages on the two voltage rails being switched over after the first sequence.
A method of generating input signals according to the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows a known resistor network for generating a pair of input signals for subtractive combination,
Figure 2 shows a resistor network for generating a pair of signals according to the present invention for subtractive combination;
Figure 3 shows two signals generated by the network of Figs. 1 and 2 and the voltages resulting from their subtractive combination.
Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a voltage divider 1 comprising three equal resistors in series connected between voltage rails carrying voltages of + V and 0 respectively. Tapp
ings on this voltage divider provide voltage
levels for a pair of input signals 'S" and
"BP" These input signals are to be applied to
input terminals on a multiplexed LCD driver
circuit one signal determining whether a parti
cular segment of each of the liquid crystal
units in the display is to have its electrode on
or off (signal "S") and the other determining
whether a particular unit in the display is to
have its backplane electrode on or off (signal "BP"). The voltage levels for S on, S off BP
on and BP off are taken from the tappings as
shown in Fig. 1 and are selected by suitable
gates operated by logic signals, which gives a sequence of voltage levels representing a cer
tain sequence of on/off logic states for each
input signal. The driver circuit substactively
combines the two input signals in order to
produce an output voltage which is large
enough to activate the particular segment of
the particular unit of the LCD only when both
input signals are "on". In this example the
subtractive combination of (S-BP) will
give + y V in all cases except for Son-BP on
which gives + V. This is a conventional V/3
multiplex arrangement and is commonly used
in the driving of LCDs.
LCD units are driven by alternating voltages
since any direct voltage across the electrodes
damages the units and limits their life. This
alternating voltage is obtained by having input
signals as shown in Fig. 3. Each signal com
prises a first sequence of voltage levels S or
BP, generated as described above, followed
by a second sequence of voltage levels S or 1MP. The second sequence of voltage levels
represents the same sequence of on/off logic
states as the first sequence but the voltage
levels are chosen to ensure that g-BP for any
pair of logic states is always equal and oppo
site to S-BP, thus giving an alternating volt
age for the subtractive combination. in Fig. 3
a sequence of three on/off logic state is
shown for each signal.
In the conventional network shown in Fig. 1
the voltage levels for S on, S off, BP on and
BP off are taken from the tappings as shown
and a switching arrangement is needed to
apply each of these voltage levels during the
second sequence to the same logic operated
gate as the corresponding one of the voltage
levels S on, S off, BP on and BP off was
applied during the first sequence. However,
the resistors in the voltage divider 1 are
usually laid down on a substrate by diffusion
techniques which are not precise enough to
ensure that the resistors have equal values.
Any errors in these resistor values will pro
duce overall DC components in the alternating
voltage applied to the LCD and reduce its life.
In Fig. 2 is shown a voltage divider 2
comprising three resistors in series connected
between voltage rails carrying voltages of A
and B respectively. As in Fig. 1 the divider
has voltage taps providing voltage levels for the input signals S and BP and for the input signal S and BP. However, in this case the voltage taps are the same for S and S and for
BP and BP, the voltage levels being changed by changing the voltages on the voltage rails.
The input signals S and BP are produced by having B as voltage Vand A as zero voltage, and the input signals S and BP are produced by having B as zero voltage and A as voltage
V, i.e. by switching the voltage over. The voltage tappings are directly connected to the logi operated gates so that the complex switching arrangement of the conventional network is not needed.
It the diffused resistors in Fig. 2 are not precisely equal then the tappings will have different voltages from those shown in the graphs. If S offls a voltage xand BP off is a voltage y then S off will be a voltage V - x and BP off will be a voltage V - y. This can be seen in that S off must be the voltage across resistor R3 and S off is the voltage across resistors R1 and R2 due to the switching of the voltage rails and this must be the full voltage V minus the voltage across R3 i.e.
V-x.
Thus the voltage levels in the signals S and BP are the negative of the corresponding voltage levels in the signals S and BP, with a constant voltage V added on. When the two signals are subtractively combined this constant voltage V is cancelled out leaving only the negative voltages. This means that the output voltage is a true alternating voltage whatever the values of the voltages x and y.
The above description deals with application of the inventive method to a V/3 multiplexed driver circuit for an LCD, but it could equally be applied to any multiplexing circuit using subtractive combination and requiring a true alternating voltage output or to any other simple subtractive circuit such as might be used to provide biasing in a linear circuit design. It is particularly applicable to integrated circuits where resistor values are difficult to establish accurately.
The switching of the voltage rails A and B can be simply achieved by MOS drivers of impedance substantially lower than the resistance of the diffused resistors, to ensure a negligible drop in voltage across the drivers.
Claims (6)
1. A method of generating input signals for subtractive combination in pairs in an electronic circuit, each input signal comprising a first sequence of voltage levels followed by a second sequence of voltage levels each sequence representing the same sequence of logic states and each voltage level of each signal being taken from a respective tapping on the same voltage divider connected between two voltage rails, wherein each tapping determines both the voltage level in the first sequence and that in the second sequence representing a given logic state, the voltages on the two voltage rails being switched over after the first sequence.
2. A method according to claim 1, where in the input signals consist of two sets of input signals, and pairs of signals comprising one from each set of signals are subtractively : combined in the electronic circuit.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein each input signal has two possible logic states.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the voltage divider comprises three substantially equal resistive elements in series and each logic state of each set of input signals is represented by a different voltage level in the first sequence of voltage levels.
5. A method of generating input signals for subtractive combination substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated by Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
6. A circuit for generating signals by the method claimed in any preceding claim comprising a voltage source connected through switching means to a pair of voltage rails between which is connected a voltage divider having voltage tappings at fixed positions on the divider, the switching means being capable of switching over the voltages on the two voltage rails.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8017718A GB2079020B (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1980-05-30 | Method of generating input signals for subtractive combination |
JP7876781A JPS5720787A (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1981-05-26 | Method of generating input signal for subtraction combination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8017718A GB2079020B (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1980-05-30 | Method of generating input signals for subtractive combination |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2079020A true GB2079020A (en) | 1982-01-13 |
GB2079020B GB2079020B (en) | 1983-12-21 |
Family
ID=10513724
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8017718A Expired GB2079020B (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1980-05-30 | Method of generating input signals for subtractive combination |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5720787A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2079020B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2551245A1 (en) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-03-01 | Sfena | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISPLAYING SYMBOLS USING A LIQUID CRYSTAL MATRIX |
EP0171202A2 (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1986-02-12 | Standard Telephones And Cables Public Limited Company | Thermal imager |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE8400302L (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1985-08-18 | Munters Ab Carl | Contact body |
-
1980
- 1980-05-30 GB GB8017718A patent/GB2079020B/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-05-26 JP JP7876781A patent/JPS5720787A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2551245A1 (en) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-03-01 | Sfena | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISPLAYING SYMBOLS USING A LIQUID CRYSTAL MATRIX |
EP0142385A1 (en) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-05-22 | Societe Francaise D'equipements Pour La Navigation Aerienne (S.F.E.N.A.) | Method and device for displaying symbols on a liquid-crystal matrix display |
EP0171202A2 (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1986-02-12 | Standard Telephones And Cables Public Limited Company | Thermal imager |
EP0171202A3 (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1986-12-30 | Standard Telephones And Cables Public Limited Company | Thermal imager |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2079020B (en) | 1983-12-21 |
JPS5720787A (en) | 1982-02-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |