GB2078211A - Benefication of Iron Oxide Waste - Google Patents
Benefication of Iron Oxide Waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2078211A GB2078211A GB8120577A GB8120577A GB2078211A GB 2078211 A GB2078211 A GB 2078211A GB 8120577 A GB8120577 A GB 8120577A GB 8120577 A GB8120577 A GB 8120577A GB 2078211 A GB2078211 A GB 2078211A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- slurry
- waste
- iron oxide
- benefication
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960005191 ferric oxide Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006246 high-intensity magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000485 pigmenting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
Iron oxide waste e.g. red mud (a normally discarded by-product of aluminium refining), is beneficiated by forming a free-flowing deflocculated aqueous slurry of the waste, neutralising the alkalinity of the slurry by addition of acid and then magnetically separating the slurry into a relatively highly magnetic, iron-oxide containing fraction and a second relatively weakly magnetic fraction. The iron rich fraction is useful, for example, as a pigment and the other fraction when red mud is the starting material, may be used as feedstock for aluminium recovery.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Benefication of Iron Oxide Waste
This invention relates to the benefication of iron oxide waste. Particularly, but not exclusively the invention relates to the benefication of iron oxide-containing sludge derived from the production of aluminium from its ores.
When aluminium is extracted from bauxite, one of the products obtained is a gangue containing, typically from 50 to 70% solids. In Britain this gangue is known as "red mud" and is a waste product which has to be discarded, for example, by dumping at sea.
Only one use for red mud has hitherto been reported: it can be used for the repair of internal refractory surfaces of foundry equipment such as moulds and ladles. This use is the subject of British
Patent No. 1256861.
A typical analysis of red mud is as follows (on a dry weight basis):
aluminium oxide (Al203) 17.9% iron oxide (Fe2O3) 48.4%
titanium dioxide (TiO2) 6.8%
silicon dioxide (SiO2) 3.9%
sodium oxide (Na2O) 5.6%
calcium oxide (CaO) 3.5% loss on ignition 13.9% An object of the present invention is to provide a process for the benefication of iron oxide waste to produce a useful iron oxide product.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the benefication of iron oxide waste comprising forming a free flowing deflocculated aqueous slurry of the waste, neutralising the alkalinity of the slurry by addition of acid and magnetically separating the slurry into a relatively highly magnetic, iron oxide containing fraction and a relatively weakly magnetic fraction.
The slurry may be deflocculated by addition of a deflocculating agent thereto.
If the waste is known to contain a flocculating agent which has been carried over from previous processing, it is preferable to granulate the waste and ignite, preferably under a reducing atmosphere to remove the flocculent and then to grind the ignited product and mix it with water to form the slurry.
The accompanying drawing is a schematic flowsheet of a plant for use in performing the process of this invention.
Briefly describing the drawing, red mud by-product of aluminium smelting, containing 60% solids, and 4.5% soda, is slurried to 10% solids with water, a deflocculent and acid are then added to the slurry which is then passed through a magnetic separator. The separator produces a relatively magnetic fraction and a relatively non-magnetic fraction which are separately collected in batch tanks.
The relatively magnetic material, for convenience called "paramagnetics" are fed to a centrifuge from which a product of 60% solids is recovered. The 60% solids product is extruded and dried to produce a pelletised product.
The same process of centrifugation, extrusion and drying may be separately used for the relatively non-magnetic fraction, for convenience called "non-magnetics". The pelletised products are: paramagnetics 75% haematite and up to 1% soda and non-magnetics 45% haematite and up to 2.5% soda. However, either or both of the paramagnetics and non-magnetics may be recycled from the batch tanks to enrich the haematite therein.
The liquor from either fraction may be recycled to make up the initial slurry.
The pelletised paramagnetic product is a useful pigmentory material and may if desired by pulverised to appropriate particle size for this purpose. This pigment has been found useful for pigmenting pottery products. The pellets themselves may be used as feedstock in iron making. The pelleted non-magnetic fraction may be milled and used in agrement products in the normal way, for example in blocks, bricks, tiles and mortars or as a starting material for redigestion and recovery of aluminium by the Bayer process or by the Combination process.
The invention is further illustrated by the following Examples.
Example 1
The red mud is reslurried in a mixing tank with water and a deflocculating additive (0.02%) until a solids content of 10 to 15% is reached. The slurry is then pumped into a scrubbing tank wherein a dilute acid, such as sulphuric or hydrochloric acid may be added to neutralise the soda remaining in solution or to reduce the pH of the slurry from a pH 9 to 10 to between pH 5 and 6. The slurry overflows from the scrubber into the high-intensity magnetic separator where the solids are sorted into magnetics, -middlings and non-magnetics. The solids are then separated from the liquor by a filtering unit, press or centrifugal separator and then may be retained as a wet cake or otherwise further processed by drying or roasting. The final dried or roasted product may then be further treated by comminution and then packaged into appropriate containers.
Example 2
The red mud is first granulated by extrusion and then dried and roasted to convert the haemetite to magnetite as is standard practice and to burn off the flocculating materials adhering from the previous disposal processing. This should be done at a temperature between 3700 and 6000C but unless a reducing atmosphere is used the temperature should be as high as possible to maximise the resulting magnetite content. Cooling must also be done in a reducing atmosphere in order to prevent re-oxidation. The dry pellets are then ground to at least minus B.S. 10 mesh but preferably minus B.S.
20 mesh in a wetted mill and the product passed via the acid scrubber through the high-intensity magnetic separator as outlined in Example 1. Thereafter the separated products would be treated in a similar manner.
The following results were obtained:
ChemicalAnalysis of Products without Acid Scrubbing
Mag. Non-Mag.
Fe203 72.50 46.00 Al2O3 9.95 21.60
CaO 0.85 3.55
K20 trace trace Na2O (Total) 1.02 2.53 P205 0.46 0.64
Physical Properties of Products without Acid Scrubbing
Mag. Non-Mag.
Oil absorption 30 40
pH of aqueous extract 8.0 9.2
Claims (6)
1. A process for the benefication of iron oxide waste comprising forming a free flowing deflocculated aqueous slurry of the waste, neutralising the alkalinity of the slurry by addition of acid and magnetically separating the slurry into a relatively highly magnetic, iron oxide containing fraction and a relatively weakly magnetic fraction.
2. A process according to claim 1, in which the slurry is deflocculated by the addition of a deflocculating agent thereto.
3. A process according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the waste is ignited and the ignition product ground prior to formation of the aqueous slurry.
4. A process according to claim 3, in which the ignition is effected in a reducing atmosphere.
5. The products of the process claimed in any preceding claim, consisting of a first fraction of increased iron content and a second fraction of reduced iron content.
6. Pigment comprising the ground first fraction claimed in claim 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8120577A GB2078211B (en) | 1980-07-04 | 1981-07-03 | Beneficiation of iron oxide waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8021937 | 1980-07-04 | ||
| GB8120577A GB2078211B (en) | 1980-07-04 | 1981-07-03 | Beneficiation of iron oxide waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2078211A true GB2078211A (en) | 1982-01-06 |
| GB2078211B GB2078211B (en) | 1983-06-29 |
Family
ID=26276101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8120577A Expired GB2078211B (en) | 1980-07-04 | 1981-07-03 | Beneficiation of iron oxide waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2078211B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2697178A1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1994-04-29 | Autran Leon | Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material |
| WO2008081397A2 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-10 | Universidade De Aveiro | Production of mixed-metal-oxide inorganic pigments from industrial wastes such as slimes from metal winning and processing |
| CN101912814A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2010-12-15 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate in red mud slurry in alumina production flow by Bayer process |
| CN101417261B (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-10-26 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Bayer process red mud processing method |
-
1981
- 1981-07-03 GB GB8120577A patent/GB2078211B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2697178A1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1994-04-29 | Autran Leon | Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material |
| WO2008081397A2 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-10 | Universidade De Aveiro | Production of mixed-metal-oxide inorganic pigments from industrial wastes such as slimes from metal winning and processing |
| WO2008081397A3 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-10-23 | Univ Aveiro | Production of mixed-metal-oxide inorganic pigments from industrial wastes such as slimes from metal winning and processing |
| CN101417261B (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-10-26 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Bayer process red mud processing method |
| CN101912814A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2010-12-15 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate in red mud slurry in alumina production flow by Bayer process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2078211B (en) | 1983-06-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |