FR2697178A1 - Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material - Google Patents
Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2697178A1 FR2697178A1 FR9204194A FR9204194A FR2697178A1 FR 2697178 A1 FR2697178 A1 FR 2697178A1 FR 9204194 A FR9204194 A FR 9204194A FR 9204194 A FR9204194 A FR 9204194A FR 2697178 A1 FR2697178 A1 FR 2697178A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- tio2
- oxide
- alumina
- acid
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010804 inert waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/22—Compounds of iron
- C09C1/24—Oxides of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1236—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
- C22B34/124—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
- C22B34/125—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors containing a sulfur ion as active agent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Abstract
Description
BESCRIPTION
Brevet concernant la séparation des constituants des produits inertes provenant de la fabrication de l'alumine, en vue d'obtenir des produits exploitables commercialement à partir de déchets industriels.BESCRIPTION
Patent concerning the separation of the constituents of inert products from the manufacture of alumina, with a view to obtaining commercially exploitable products from industrial waste.
'une façon générale, ces produits contiennent - 60 % de Fe2O3 - 20 % de zéolithe - 10 % de TiO2 - 10 % d'humidité et divers. '' generally, these products contain - 60% Fe2O3 - 20% zeolite - 10% TiO2 - 10% humidity and various.
Ils forment un ensemble de grains d'oxyde de fer enrobés, pendant l'attaque de la bauxite par la soude sous pression,-par une croûte dure de silicate double d'alumine et de soude. They form a set of coated iron oxide grains, during the attack of bauxite by soda under pressure, -by a hard crust of double silicate of alumina and soda.
Cet ensemble est d'une grande fixité et compose les produits inertes qui posent de grands problèmes aux fabricants d'alumine. This set is of great fixity and composes the inert products which pose great problems to the manufacturers of alumina.
1'objet du présent brevet consiste premièrement à décomposer par l'acide sulfurique le complexe ci-dessus. The object of this patent consists first of decomposing the above complex with sulfuric acid.
Il existe un brevet déposé en 1968 concernant un tel procédé. La présente invention consiste en des procédés différents. There is a patent filed in 1968 for such a process. The present invention consists of different methods.
Cette attaque sulfurique donne un mélange de Fe2O3 débarassé de sa gangue silico alumino sodique, du TiO2 dans une solution de sulfate de soude, sulfate d'alumine, silice colloidale. This sulfuric attack gives a mixture of Fe2O3 free of its sodium alumino sodium gangue, of TiO2 in a solution of sodium sulphate, alumina sulphate, colloidal silica.
Une simple filtration donne a/ Un mélange de Fe2O3et TiO2, b/ Une solution de sulfate de soude, sulfate d'alumine, silice col loSdale. A simple filtration gives a / A mixture of Fe2O3 and TiO2, b / A solution of sodium hydroxide, alumina sulphate, silica col loSdale.
La présente invention consiste en la découverte du procédé de séparation de l'oxyde de fer de l'oxyde de titane par lixiviation. The present invention consists in the discovery of the process for the separation of iron oxide from titanium oxide by leaching.
Après l'attaque sulfurique et addition d'eau suivie d'agitation t de l'ensemble, on constate apres quelques minutes la constitution de deux phases a/ Un culot noir abondant d'oxyde de fer exemPt de TiO2, b/ un lait rose surnageant chargé de particules fines de TiO2 coloré en rose par de l'oxyde de fer. After the sulfuric attack and addition of water followed by stirring t of the whole, we note after a few minutes the constitution of two phases a / An abundant black pellet of iron oxide free of TiO2, b / a pink milk supernatant charged with fine particles of TiO2 colored in pink by iron oxide.
La filtration du "lait rose" donne un minerai à haute teneur de
TiO2 apte à la fabrication du TiO2 commercial.Filtration of "pink milk" gives an ore with a high content of
TiO2 suitable for the manufacture of commercial TiO2.
L'oxyde de fer, après lavage, donne un produit pratiquement pur, insensi-ble aux alcalins et aux acides dilués, matière première convenant aux pigments de fer de haute qualité. Iron oxide, after washing, gives a practically pure product, insensitive to alkalis and dilute acids, a raw material suitable for high quality iron pigments.
Utilisation de la liqueur sulfurique
La précipitation de cette liqueur donne des produits riches en silice et alumine précipitées convenant à la papeterie, aux laques, aux charges des plastiques, etc...Use of sulfuric liquor
The precipitation of this liquor gives products rich in precipitated silica and alumina suitable for stationery, lacquers, plastic fillers, etc.
Description du wrocéié d'attaque acide :
A titre d'exemple, le produit inerte est dilué par agitation dans de l'eau chaude. On ajoute de l'acide, de préférence de l'acide sulfurique courant. Il se produit un dégagement gazeux. Quand celui-ci cesse, on ajuste le PH jusqu'à acidité persistante. On ajoute de l'eau, on agite l'ensemble, on laisse décanter. On enlève le lait rose surnageant, on lave â l'eau, de préférence à deux reprises le culot de Fie203. On ajoute l'eau de lavage décantée au lait rose.Description of the acid attack wrocéié:
For example, the inert product is diluted by stirring in hot water. Acid is added, preferably common sulfuric acid. There is a release of gas. When this ceases, the PH is adjusted until persistent acidity. Water is added, the whole is stirred and left to settle. The pink supernatant milk is removed and the pellet of Fie203 is washed with water, preferably twice. The decanted washing water is added to the pink milk.
On filtre le lait rose. On obtient trois produits 1"/ du Fe203 pratiquement pur, destiné à la fabrication des Pigments de fer de haute qualité. We filter the pink milk. Three products 1 "/ of almost pure Fe203 are obtained, intended for the manufacture of high quality iron pigments.
20/ L'ensemble du TiO2 est contenu dans le filtrat rose sous forme de minerai : de TiO2 qui, par raffinage, permet l'obtention de TiO2 commercial, procédé connu.20 / All of the TiO2 is contained in the pink filtrate in the form of an ore: TiO2 which, by refining, makes it possible to obtain commercial TiO2, a known process.
30/ Un liquide clair, provenant de la filtration ci-dessus contenant des sulfates de soude, d'alumine, de la silice colloidale, provenant de l'attaque de la zéolithe par l'acide. 30 / A clear liquid, coming from the above filtration, containing sodium sulphates, alumina, colloidal silica, coming from the attack of the zeolite by the acid.
Le traitement de cette liqueur acide est un procédé qui peut se décrire de façon générale par a/ Un précipité de zéolithe obtenu par addition de soude caustique. The treatment of this acid liquor is a process which can be generally described by a / A precipitate of zeolite obtained by addition of caustic soda.
b/ Un procédé de précipitation par la silicate de soude qui donne un précipité abondant d'un produit riche en silice et alumine apte P fixer plusieurs fois son poids d'eau ; d'une surface spécifique consi dérable. b / A method of precipitation with sodium silicate which gives an abundant precipitate of a product rich in silica and alumina capable of fixing several times its weight of water; of a considerable specific surface.
c/ Dans l'ensemble non filtré de la réaction précédente l'ajout de chlorure de baryum donne, par production de sulfate de baryum,un blanc satin léger présentant toutes les caractéristiques d'une charge d'excellente qualité pour les papiers. c / In the unfiltered assembly of the preceding reaction, the addition of barium chloride gives, by production of barium sulfate, a light satin white having all the characteristics of an excellent quality filler for papers.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9204194A FR2697178A1 (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1992-03-31 | Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9204194A FR2697178A1 (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1992-03-31 | Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2697178A1 true FR2697178A1 (en) | 1994-04-29 |
Family
ID=9428548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9204194A Withdrawn FR2697178A1 (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1992-03-31 | Recovery of useful prods. from residues from alumina prodn. from bauxite - esp. ferric oxide and titanium di:oxide, by selective leaching with acid and sepn. of the insoluble material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2697178A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102247976A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2011-11-23 | 广州大学 | Method for carrying out comprehensive treatment on alumyte ore washing fine slit |
| CN102745733A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-10-24 | 潘爱芳 | Method for separating useful components from sintered red mud |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1467274A1 (en) * | 1962-02-12 | 1969-03-13 | Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Eng | Process for the recovery of valuable components from red sludge |
| GB1203950A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1970-09-03 | Jui-Hsiung Tsai | Process for the separation of useful compounds from waste formed from the production of alumina by the bayer process |
| GB2078211A (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-01-06 | Hillside Minerals Banknock Ltd | Benefication of Iron Oxide Waste |
-
1992
- 1992-03-31 FR FR9204194A patent/FR2697178A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1467274A1 (en) * | 1962-02-12 | 1969-03-13 | Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Eng | Process for the recovery of valuable components from red sludge |
| GB1203950A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1970-09-03 | Jui-Hsiung Tsai | Process for the separation of useful compounds from waste formed from the production of alumina by the bayer process |
| GB2078211A (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-01-06 | Hillside Minerals Banknock Ltd | Benefication of Iron Oxide Waste |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| R S THAKUR: "utilization of red mud", JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH, vol. 42, pages 456 - 469 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102247976A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2011-11-23 | 广州大学 | Method for carrying out comprehensive treatment on alumyte ore washing fine slit |
| CN102745733A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-10-24 | 潘爱芳 | Method for separating useful components from sintered red mud |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |