GB2076289A

GB2076289A - Antiperspirant compositions

Info

Publication number: GB2076289A
Application number: GB8116054A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Bristol Myers Co
Current assignee: Bristol Myers Co
Priority date: 1980-05-27
Filing date: 1981-05-26
Publication date: 1981-12-02
Also published as: PT73090B; SE8103369L; CH644755A5; AU7092881A; DE3120742A1; GR75643B; FR2483230A1; PT73090A; BE888975A; FR2483230B1; NZ197164A; CA1140470A; PH16329A; MX156358A; IT8148527A0; SE452107B; JPS5711908A; DE3120742C2; IT1170993B; NL8102540A

Abstract

An antiperspirant composition having any of a variety of dosage forms and containing as active antiperspirant materials a combination of an aluminum chloride and an aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride which act synergistically; the product may also contain a combination of magnesium hydroxide (or oxide) and glycine as irritation reducing agents.

Description

SPECIFICATION Antiperspirant compositions This invention relates to novel antiperspirant compositions. More particularly, it concerns antiperspirant compositions containing as active ingredients a combination of an aluminum chloride and an aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride.

It is known in the prior art to use aluminum chloride or aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride individually as antiperspirant materials. We have now found, however, when these materials are employed together they act synergistically giving unexpected high activity and response rate.

It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a high performance antiperspirant composition containing as active antiperspirant material a combination of an aluminum chloride and an aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for inhibiting perspiration in subjects by applying to the skin of such subjects an antiperspirant effective amount of compositions containing in combination an aluminum chloride and an aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride.

Other and more detailed objects of this invention will be apparent from the following description and claims.

Unless otherwise indicated the percentages are given in percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

It is known that certain types of people will respond to particular types of antiperspirant salts; it being unusual to find more than 60-70% of an antiperspirant panel responding to any one given material. However, when the combination of active ingredients of this invention was used over 93% of the panel participants responded favorably. Additionally, surprisingly high activities were recorded; 88% had superior activity. It has always been believed that the activity mechanisms for different salts differ. What has been discovered here is a combination product that allows activity responses from more than one mechanism.

Normally speaking, one would have expected this combination to be very irritating, since the pH of this solution is very acidic. We have also found that raising the pH alone is not enough to alleviate the irritation response. However, we have also discovered that the use of divalent oxides or hydroxides in combination with small amounts of glycine solve this problem. The alkali earth metal salts or glycine alone can improve the irritation potential problem somewhat; however, it can be essentially eliminated completely with the combination of the divalent metal oxides or hydroxides and glycine used in line with the instant discovery.

The quantity of the aluminum chloride that may be contained in the compositions of the present invention may vary somewhat. For the most part, they will constitute between about 5 and about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the composition and preferably 7.5% to about 15% by weight. As used herein, the term "an aluminum chloride" is intended to refer to anhydrous aluminum chloride as well as its hydrated and hydroxide forms e.g. AlCl3.6H2O or Al2(OH)5Cl.

The aluminum zirconium hydroxychlorides that are employed in the present invention are well known in the prior art and may be described by the general formula: Al4ZnO(OH)14~n CI, H20 wherein N has the value 0 to 1 4 and x has the value of from 0 to 20. By way of example, mention may be made of compounds of formulas: Al4 ZrO (OH)" Cl3 ; and Al ZrO (OH)o C14 and their corresponding hydrates.

The amount of the aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride that may be contained in the composition of this invention may also vary somewhat. Usually, however, it will comprise between about 2% to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition and preferably between about 5% to about 10%.

An important feature of the present compositions is the ratio of the aluminum salt and the Al/Zr salt that they contain. This ratio will be in the range of from about 0.5 to about 2; the preferred range being from about 1.25 to about 1.75.

Another important relationship in the present compositions is the metal:chloride mole ratio. It is important that this be less than .9 to retain the ionic character of the complex which is related to its antiperspirant activity. 0 As indicated previously, it is highly advantageous to use a combination of magnesium hydroxide (or oxide) and glycine to adjust the pH of our compositions. This combination.will ordinarily be used to adjust the pH in the range of from about 2.5 to about 4.5. The glycine will be employed at a level of from about 0.25% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition; whereas, the magnesium hydroxide (or oxide) will constitute about 1 % to about 9%. The ratio of glycine to magnesium hydroxide (or oxide) is also an important factor.

This ratio may be in the range of from about .025 to about 5 but we prefer to employ a ratio in the range of from about 0.1 to about 1.0.

The novel combination of antiperspirant materials and the pH adjusting agents described above may be incorporated in any of a variety of dosage forms useful for delivering the antiperspirant material. They may be incorporated in a lotion, in a cream or gel, in a foam system, in an aerosol dispensing system, in a pump spray system, as part of an antiperspirant stick or may be delivered in the form of a solution in a suitable solvent vehicle. The following are illustrations of types of formulas in which the present compositions may be employed as active antiperspirant materials: A. Roll-On (Lotions and Creams) Actives 25% Emollients 2-4% Surface active agents 2-4% Buffering systems 2-7% Waterq.s. -100% B.Suspension-Anhydrous can be used in the formulation of Aerosols and Aerosol Foams Actives 25% Emollients 5-1 5% Suspending agents 2-5% Buffering agents 2-4% Water 100% Aerosol Above 70-85% Propellant 15-30% C. Sticks Actives 25% Gelling agent 2-4% Waxes 5-20% Emollients 5-20% Buffering agents 2-4% Externalphase q.s. 100% *Anhydrous solent The following Examples are given to further illustrate the present invention. It is understood, however, that the invention is not limited thereto.

EXAMPLE 1 Roll-On Lotion (Emulsion o/w) % by weight AICI3. 6H20 15.00 Mg(OH)2 3.75 Al/Zr trichlorohydrate' 10.00 Brij 72 (Polyoxyethylene 2 Stearyl Ether) 3.00 Brij 78 (Polyoxyethylene 20 Stearyl Ether) 1.00 Glycine 0.50 Disodium EDTA 0.10 Polyoxypropylene 1 5 Stearyl Ether (Arlamol E) 4.00 H20 62.65 100.00 EXAMPLE 2 Clear Water Solution (Pump Spray) AlCI3. 6H2O 15.00 Mg(OH)2 3.75 Glycine 0.50 Al/Zr trichlorohydrate' 10.00 H20 65.75 Procetyl AWS (PPG-5 Cetheth 20) 5.00 100.00 EXAMPLE 3 Aerosol Antiperspirant Al/Complex Powder2 6.00 Al/Zr trichlorohydrate1 4.00 Dibutyl phthalate 11.00 Cabosil M-5 0.30 Bentone 34 0.10 Isobutane 78.60 100.00 ' Al4ZrO(OH),1CI3 2 Product prepared by spray drying AICI3;Mg(OH)2 and glycine in the weight ratio of 4:1:.5 EXAMPLE 4 Stick Antiperspirant Al/Complex Powder 1 5.00 Al/Zr trichlorohydrate 1 0.00 Stearyl alcohol 20.00 Dibutyl phthalate 41.00 Procetyl AWS (PPG-5 Cetheth 20) 10.00 Montan wax 4.00 100.00 To demonstrate the fact that the combination of the aluminum choride and the aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride act synergistically as antiperspirants, three compositions were prepared identified as Compositions A, B and C which were the same in all respects excepting the active antiperspirant material.Composition A contained 25% by weight of aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride; Composition B contained 10% by weight of aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride and 15% by weight of aluminum chloride; and Composition C contained 25% by weight of aluminum chloride. Each of these compositions were tested for antiperspirant activity on a group of individuals that served as an antiperspirant panel. The procedure employed was as described in Federal Register, Vol. 43, Number 196, October 10, 1978 and is called the Gravemetric Axillary Antiperspirant Test.

The results of this test are summarized in Table I below which gives the formulas of Compositions A, B and C as well as the antiperspirant activity measured for each composition. TABLE I A B C Aluminum Zirconium hydroxide Complex 26 10 O Aluminum Chloride - 1 5 25 Emollient 2-4 2-4 2-4 Surface Active Agents 2-4 2-4 2-4 q.s. buffer to pH 3.2 + .3 q.s. water to 100% pH at time of test 3.5 3.2 3.4 Activity 50% 62% 53% As will be seen from the above Table, a 20-25% enhancement of antiperspirant activity is obtained with a combination of aluminum chloride and aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride as compared with the use of aluminum chloride or aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride.

Although the invention has been described with reference to specific forms thereof, it will be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An antiperspirant composition comprising a carrier and as active antiperspirant material a combination of an aluminum chloride and aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride, said combination comprising, based on the total weight of the composition, from about 5% to about 25% by weight of an aluminum chloride and from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an aluminum zirconium hydroxychloride; the ratio of aluminum salt to Al/Zr salt in said composition being in the range of from about 0.5 to about 2 and the mole ratio of metal to chloride being less than .9.

2. A composition according to Claim 1 including as a pH adjusting agent a combination of magnesium hydroxide or oxide and glycine, said magnesium hydroxide or oxide constituting from about 1 % to about 9% by weight of said composition and said glycine constituting from about 0.25% to about 5% by weight of said composition.

3. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of a lotion.

4. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of a solution.

5. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of a stick.

6. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of an aerosol composition.

7. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of a pump spray composition.

8. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of a cream or a gel.

9. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 in the form of a foam.

10. A method for inhibiting perspiration in a subject which comprises applying to the skin of said subject an antiperspirant effective amount of a composition defined in Claims 1 through 9.

11. A composition according to claim 1, substantially as described in any of the foregoing Examples.