GB2072708A - A process and an apparatus for treating oil-containing metallic sludges and solids - Google Patents
A process and an apparatus for treating oil-containing metallic sludges and solids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2072708A GB2072708A GB8107087A GB8107087A GB2072708A GB 2072708 A GB2072708 A GB 2072708A GB 8107087 A GB8107087 A GB 8107087A GB 8107087 A GB8107087 A GB 8107087A GB 2072708 A GB2072708 A GB 2072708A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- drum
- steam
- solids
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002569 water oil cream Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238634 Libellulidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
- C23G5/04—Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D12/00—Displacing liquid, e.g. from wet solids or from dispersions of liquids or from solids in liquids, by means of another liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for treating oil-containing and, in particular, heavy oiled, viscous metallic sludges and solids, which comprises dissolving the material to be treated into a thinly liquid mass by constant movement with an excess quantity of solvent and steam, after which volatile and fluid constituents are separated off, the solvent is separated from the water and from the oil to leave behind solids in a form which can be melted down. The invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out this process comprising a cylindrical drum mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis which is provided with a drive alternately rotating it in opposite directions and which contains a pipe system for delivering and removing solvents and steam and is provided with an opening for introducing and removing the material to be treated.
Description
SPECIFICATION
A process and an apparatus for treating oil
containing metallic sludges and solids
This invention relates to a process for treating oil
containing and, in particular, heavily oiled viscous
metallic sludges and solids. The invention also
relates to an apparatus for carrying out this process.
Certain industrial manufacturing processes, par
ticularly in the fine machining -for example grinding
- of metals in the presence of oil, involve the
accumulation of metal sludges containing up to 60%
of oil in which the metals are present in the form of
very fine and even dust-like particles. Hitherto, it has
not been possible satisfactorily to treat and recover
grinding residues of this type in an economically
reasonable manner. Instead, they are dumped, burnt
or, cut into small pieces, are added to scrap for
remelted alloys. However, this gives rise not only to
pollution problems, but also to losses of valuable
metals, for example NF-metals, and of starting mat
erials, such as oil.
Drying the metal sludges by heat is not possible
because their oil content cannot be significantly
reduced in this way. Separating oil and metal
residues by centrifuging has also proved to be
impracticable, not least on account of the high
specific gravity of the alloyed waste. Treatment in a
mixer or in a contrarotating mixer/forced mixer
arrangement is also not possible for the same
reasons. Finally, separation cannot be carried out by
means of filter presses because filter presses clog far
too quickly and the oil content of the oil emulsion
can be reduced at best to only 30%.
Waste of the type in question has also been mixed
with small amounts of dry material and then burnt or
- providing the degree of oiling is not too high
roasted. On account of pollution control legislation,
this method of treatment is only possible in exceptional cases and, even then, is governed by very
strict regulations.
An object of the present invention is to treat oil
containing and, in particular, heavily oiled viscous
metallic sludges and solids in such a way that their
individual constituents may be re-used without the
environment being polluted in any way.
The process according to the invention comprises
dissolving, the material to be treated into a thinly
liquid mass by constant movement with an excess
quantity of solvent and steam, after which volatile
and fluid constituents are separated off, the solvent
is separated from the water and from the oil, for
example under an excess pressure of most 0.5 bar,
to leave behind solids in a form which may be
melted down together with other residues and scrap
in a separate operation. According to the invention,
therefore, the viscous metallic sludges and solids are ,first so to speak broken up by means of solvents and
then diluted with steam to such a extent that a thinly
liquid mass is formed in which the metallic solids are
no longer bound, so that the volatile and fluid con
stituents may be separated from the solids and may
be separately further processed.In this way, the oil
content of the sludges may be reduced to less than 5% and -qualitatively-to 0% before the solids are dried, for example by heating, and are then suitable for melting down in electrical furnaces or arc furnaces. The material is completely processed without having to be burnt or roasted. Where chloride-based solvents are used, a solvent circuit is present from which only the old oil separated off for re-use and water are separated off by distillation. For example, the old oil may be burnt for heating purposes whilst the water accumulates with sufficient purity to be able to be directly discharged into the effluent without breaking any of the relevent laws. Where alkaline solvents are used, the water flowing off is tested for its pH-value and, if necessary, is neutralised in known manner before being finally discharged.The concentration of metallic impurities is also checked.
Legal requirements (cf. Hartinger"Abwasserbehandlung" in Chemie/Technik) may be satisfied without difficulty. The old oil separated off is burntoptionally in admixture with fresh oil - for energy generation, for example in a special installation comprising combined light oil and heavy oil burners in compliance with TUV-regulations. In the case of alkaline treatment, the waste air consists solely of warm air so that there is no need for volatile solvent constituents to be separated off. The warm air may be used for heating purposes.
The solvents and the steam preferably act after one another, i.e. the steam is only introduced after the solvent has dissolved and so to speak broken up the material to be treated, so that the steam accelerates and assists the dissolution process and thus reduces the solvent demand and, after the solvent has been removed, dries the solids left behind.
The material to be treated is best moved back and forth in a drum having a horizontal shaft, preferably by periodic and graduated rotation of the drum back and forth about its longitudinal axis at speeds of O to 24 r.p.m. for example. The solvent is added in a quantity of at least one and a half times and up to several times the quantity of material to be treated, so that even solid oil-containing sludges and the like are dissolved into a thinly liquid mass. The ratio between the material to be treated and the solvent is variable according to the nature of the material to be treated. The temperature of the solvent on introduction is also variable. The duration and intensity of the mechanical treatment or rather the mechanically generated movement of the material to be treated are also dependent to some extend upon the type of material to be treated.In the case of alkaline treatment, the treated material has to be subsequently washed with water.
In practice, the process according to the invention is carried out for example by initially introducing oil-containing metal sludge to be treated into the stationary drum and adding solvent in a larger quantitythan the metal sludge. Steam is then introduced, the drum being rotated back and forth at moderate speed after introduction of the solvent. After about 20 minutes or approximately 200 revolutions, the steam still present in the drum is removed together with the liquid constituents of the drum filling, namely a mixture of oil, water and solvents. The process is repeated. After more subsequent washing at
around 60 C, the solids left behind in the drum have
a qualitative oil content of zero. The solids are then
dried by exposure to more steam until they flow freely. Drying may also be carried out in a rotary drum furnace.Oil and water are separated off from the liquid run off by oil skimmers and distillation, so that the solvent may be re-used, for example by circulation. The old oil obtained is used for heating the rotary furnace and also for generating steam and, to this end, is preferably mixed with fresh oil in a ratio of 50:50 for example. Using a special burner, the oil extracted may also be directly burnt after the working temperature has been reached.
Finally, the dried solids are melted down in an electrical furnace or in an arc furnace and are cast for example into blocks or pigs which may in turn be melted down to give fine steels. Further objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For further illustration of the invention, the accompanying drawings show one example of an embodiment of an installation for treating oilcontaining metallic sludges and solids.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a block diagram of the installation as a whole.
Figures 2 to 4 are diagrammatic illustrations of the rotatably mounted drum fortreatingthe materials, various fittings being shown.
The main part of the installation is a drum 1 mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis (shown in schematic form only) which, at its centre, comprises pipes 14 and 15 which act respectively as an inlet and outlet and each of which is preceded in the drum by a baffle plate 20; 21 to prevent soiling. The drum 1 is mounted for rotations in pedestal bearings 24 and 25 by means of tubular journals 22 and 23 and is provided with a drive which is capable of periodically rotating it with graduated revolutions in one direction or the other about the horizontal shaft at speeds of up to 24 r.p.m.On the inner wall of the drum 1,there are fittings in the form of six pipes 16 running parallel to the axis of rotation which serve as fenders (Figure 2) and three pipes 26; 27 (Figures 3 and 4) which fan out from left to right and vice versa and, extending downward at an acute angle, are fixed to the wall like a propeller and additionally move the material in the drum on rotation thereof.
The material to be treated in the drum 1 is introduced and removed through an opening 13.
Solvent is heated in a tank 2 and is stirred for example by a stirrer (not shown) installed therein.
Water may be introduced into the tank 2 through a pipe 17. Steam is centrally generated by a boiler4 which is able to deliver steam both to the tank 2 and also directly into the drum 1 in order to heat the solvent and to treat the material in the drum 1.
On completion ofthetreatment, alkaline solvent is removed from the drum 1 via a vacuum tank 5 and is then delivered to a three-chamber system 3 in which the solvent is separated from the water and old oil.
The alkaline solvent thus recovered passes from the three-chamber system into the tank 2 whilst water is introduced into a distillation unit 7 from which it is
run off through an outlet 9 after determination of the
pH-value and, if necessary, after neutralisation. The
old oil passes into a collecting vessel 8 either directly
from the three-chamber system 3 or from the distillation unit 7 after separation from the water. The old
oil collected in the tank 8 is used for heating the
boiler 4.
Where chloride-based solvent is used, the solvent is worked up in a distillation unit 10 from which the water separated off is able to flow off directly through a pipe 18, whilst the old oil passes into a vessel 12 and the purified solvent into a vessel 11.
The chloride-based solvent may be directly returned from the vessel 11 to the drum 1 through a pipe 19, whilst the old oil collected in the vessel 12 may again be used for heating the boiler 4.
Waste air is removed from the drum 1 through a pipe 6.
Except for the three-chamber system 3, all the component parts of the installation consist of 1 8/8 CrNi-steel so that alkaline and chloride-based solvents may be used as required.
Claims (15)
1. Aprocessfortreating oil-containing and, in particular, heavily oiled, viscous metallic sludges and solids, which comprises dissolving the material to be treated into a thinly liquid mass by constant movement with an excess quantity of solvent and steam, after which volatile and fluid constituents are separated off, the solvent is separated from the water and from the oil to leave behind solids in a form which can be melted down.
2. A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the solvent and the steam act one after the other.
3. A process as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the material to be treated is moved back and forth in a drum with a horizontal shaft, the solvent and the steam being introduced from the shaft of the drum.
4. A process as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the drum is periodically rotated back and forth its longitudinal axis, the revolutions being graduated.
5. A process as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the drum is rotated at speeds of up to 24 r.p.m. in both directions.
6. A process as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the solvent is introduced with a variable temperature.
7. A process as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the solvent is introduced in variable quantities.
8. A process as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 7, wherein metallic solids are washed with water after a treatment with alkaline solvent.
9. A process as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 8, wherein after separation from the solvent and water, the solids are dried with steam and either alkaline,or chloride-based solvents may be used.
10. A process as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 9, wherein up to 90% of the heat used for drying is generated by burning the old oil recovered during the treatment.
11. A process as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 10, wherein in a rotating drum, the material to be treated is exposed first to the action of solvent and then to the action of steam and heated, an oil-water emul sion is run off and the material is dried.
12. A process for treating oil-containing viscous metallic sludges and solids substantially as described with particular reference to the accompanying drawings.
13. An apparatus for carrying out the process claimed in any of Claims 1 to 12, comprising a cylindrical drum mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis which is provided with a drive alternately rotating it in opposite directions and which contains a pipe system for delivering and removing solvents and steam and is provided with an opening for introducing and removing the material to be treated.
14. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13, wherein pipes extending through the bearings of the drum are provided for delivering solvents and steam, being preceded in the drum by baffle or guide plates.
15. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13 or 14, wherein on its inner wall, the drum comprises fixed fittings, such as pipes, which extend parallel or at an angle to the axis of rotation of the drum.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803011782 DE3011782A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 | 1980-03-27 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING OIL-BASED METALLIC SLUDGE AND SOLIDS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2072708A true GB2072708A (en) | 1981-10-07 |
| GB2072708B GB2072708B (en) | 1984-01-11 |
Family
ID=6098456
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8107087A Expired GB2072708B (en) | 1980-03-27 | 1981-03-06 | Process and an apparatus for treating oil-containing metallic sludges and solids |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3011782A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2479010A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2072708B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1135294B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0507981A1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-10-14 | C.R.R.F. Srl | Method to treat toxic and harmful sludges coming from metal processings so as to remove metals and their alloys |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3212120A1 (en) * | 1982-04-01 | 1983-10-06 | Hartmann Werner G | Process for treating oil-containing sludges |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB221469A (en) * | 1923-09-06 | 1924-10-30 | Separator Ab | Improved process & apparatus for recovering cutting oil from metal shavings & chips |
| DE680842C (en) * | 1935-05-15 | 1939-09-08 | Frederick Gottlieb Baender | Device for heating Altoel |
| GB688199A (en) * | 1949-01-07 | 1953-03-04 | Ind Utilities Birmingham Ltd | Process and apparatus for recovering oil from swarf |
| US2807531A (en) * | 1954-12-14 | 1957-09-24 | Kovacs Louis | Process for treating rolling oil |
| LU67959A1 (en) * | 1973-07-06 | 1975-04-11 |
-
1980
- 1980-03-27 DE DE19803011782 patent/DE3011782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1981
- 1981-02-04 IT IT19505/81A patent/IT1135294B/en active
- 1981-03-06 GB GB8107087A patent/GB2072708B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-25 FR FR8105985A patent/FR2479010A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0507981A1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-10-14 | C.R.R.F. Srl | Method to treat toxic and harmful sludges coming from metal processings so as to remove metals and their alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1135294B (en) | 1986-08-20 |
| GB2072708B (en) | 1984-01-11 |
| FR2479010A1 (en) | 1981-10-02 |
| IT8119505A0 (en) | 1981-02-04 |
| DE3011782A1 (en) | 1981-10-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |