GB2071907A - Electric discharge lamp with a ceramic envelope and with an ignition electrode led through a bore in the outer or mantle surface of the lamp - Google Patents
Electric discharge lamp with a ceramic envelope and with an ignition electrode led through a bore in the outer or mantle surface of the lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2071907A GB2071907A GB8034604A GB8034604A GB2071907A GB 2071907 A GB2071907 A GB 2071907A GB 8034604 A GB8034604 A GB 8034604A GB 8034604 A GB8034604 A GB 8034604A GB 2071907 A GB2071907 A GB 2071907A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- discharge lamp
- closing element
- electric discharge
- lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
- H01J61/545—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using an auxiliary electrode inside the vessel
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric discharge lamp the discharge space of which is closed by ceramic closing elements (2) and a ceramic envelope (1) permeableto light. Current feeding electrodes (3) led through the ceramic closing elements (2) supply electric current for the lamp. A wire-shaped ignition electrode (4) is led through a bore in the discharge envelope (1), or in the surface of the ceramic element (2) closing the discharge tube, in the vicinity of the tip of the main electrode (3). In this way, a concentrated electric field (6) may be achieved between the ignition electrode (4) and the a main electrode (3) and the ignition discharge will start from the tip of the main electrode (3). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Electric discharge lamp with a ceramic envelope and with an ignition electrode led through a bore in the outer or mantle surface of the lamp
The invention relates to an electric discharge iamp, the discharge space of which is closed by ceramic closing elements and a ceramic bulb, tube or other envelope permeable to light. The current feeding electrodes - ensuring the conduction of current into the lamp - are led through the ceramic closing elements.
The problem relating to the function and ignition of the gas discharge lamps with ceramic bulbs has been in close connection - among other factors - with the vacuum-proof sealing of the ceramic tube.
Taking into consideration that said discharge lamps with the ceramic tubes are operated at very high temperatures, e.g. 1000 "C or even more, the ceramic bulb is made of a ceramic material resistant to said high temperature and to the aggessive chemical influences arising in the discharge space. In practice, mostly pure alumina has been used for this purpose, partly in a monocrystalline form (sapphire), partly as polycrystals, but other materials, so spinel and yttrium oxide may also be used.
In the case of these lamps the main problem we are confronted with has been connected with the closing of the ceramic bulb of cylindrical geometry combined with the supply of current. The difficulty results from the fact that in case of the bulb material melting at about 2000 "C soldering processes proving suitable in constructions made of glass and silica glass are unsuitable for this purpose.
The closing methods according to known solutions, proved otherwise suitable in practice, can be realized only with bulbs with one single current feeder.
In general, beside the main electrode leading the electric energy to be converted into light in the lamp into the discharge space of the lamp, similarly to high pressure mercury vapour lamps, lamps with a ceramic bulb also require an auxiliary electrode, i.e.
a current feeder electrically insulated from the main electrode, the part of which extending into the discharge space performs the role of the ignition electrode.
The invention relates to a closing construction enabling the installation and expedient shaping both of the main electrode and the auxiliary (ignition) electrode.
Several solutions have been proposed for solving the problem previously described.
According to the solution specified in the US-PS 3461 334 the main electrode is enclosed by an annular ignition electrode made of a fire-resistant metal.
Said metal disc is insulated by means of a ceramic tube from the device closing the ceramic tube.
However, the metal disc serving as an ignition electrode produces a potential space around the main electrode resulting in a relatively weak discharge between the main electrode, due to the uniformly distributed potential space around the main electrode. One of the embodiments of the invention cited slightly improves this disadvantageous feature, in so far as a small extension (a tongue) is arranged on the disc enabling the concentration of the potential space.
Another solution has been described in the US PS 4052 635 according to which the ignition electrode is seated into the ceramic disc closing the ceramic tube, beside the main electrode, accordingly the ignition electrode is running parallel with the main electrode. This solution involves the advantageous feature that between the ignition electrode and the main electrode a concentrated electrical field develops; however, in such an arrangement it may happen that the discharge does not start at the peak of the main electrode - would be desirable in respect to the discharge between the main electrodes - but it takes place between the lower part, possibly the base point of the main electrode and the introductory section of the ignition electrode.
A further drawback of the cited solution lies in that the amalgam deposited on the ceramic element closing the tube in course of functioning tends to short-circuit the stub of the main electrode and the ignition electrode because of the small distance therebetween.
The aim of the present invention is to develop an arrangement of the ignition electrodes in which a concentrated electric field may be obtained between the ignition electrode and the main electrode and ignition discharge always starts from the peak of the main electrode. A further aim of the invention is to develop an arrangement of the electrodes at which there is a proper distance between the introductory section of the main and the auxiliary electrode, respectively, being sufficient for avoiding the shortcircuit resulting from the amalgam deposition.
The aims may be realized by leading the ingition electrode through the bore on the discharge tube or on the outer or mantle surface of the ceramic component closing the discharge tube.
Accordingly, our invention relates to an electric discharge lamp, provided with a ceramic bulb, ceramic closing elements and current feeding electrodes; the ignition electrode extends into the discharge space of the electric discharge lamp, expediently in the vicinity of the peak of the main electrode.
The invention will be described in detail with the aid of the accompanying drawing, wherein:
Figure 1 shows in cross section one of the embodiments of the closing component of the ceramic discharge tube, where the closing element is a ceramic profile in the shape of a thimble and the auxiliary ignition electrode is led through the mantle (outer) surface of the thimble-shaped ceramic component;
Figure 2 illustrates a further embodiment of the construction according to the invention, where the ignition electrode is led through the mantle (outer) surface of the ceramic discharge tube; and
Figure 3 shows a further preferred embodiment of the invention, where the ignition electrode is led through the mantle surface of the cylindrical distance piece connecting the ceramic discharge tube and the plain closing element.
One of the preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with the aid of the
Figure 1. As is to be seen, the ceramic tube is closed with a thimble-shaped ceramic element 2; the current feeder of the main electrode 3 passes through the frontal (end) surface of the component 2. Simultaneously, a wire-shaped ignition electrode 4 is led through a bore in the mantle surface of said closing element, in the vicinity of the peak (tip) of the ignition electrode. The current feeders of the main electrode and the ignition electrode are soldered in a vacuum-sealed manner into the bores of the ceramic closing element 2 by using the known process, by means of a vitreous cementatory substance. The closing element is fixed to the ceramic tube in the usual manner.
In accordance with our invention the dimensions of the ceramic closing elements 2 are such that the bore for the ignition electrode should lie in the vicinity of the meeting point of the ceramic tube and the closing element, because in this case soldering ofthe ignition electrode may be performed simultaneously and with the same cementatory substance as the soldering the closing element to the ceramic tube. Accordingly, the distance 5 between the frontal surface of the ceramic tube and the ignition electrode should be small in order to enable the cementatory material to flow into the bore for the ignition electrode under the influence of the surface and capillary forces, respectively.
Due to the arrangement according to the invention a concentrated discharge 6 will take place between the ignition electrode and the peak of the main electrode - illustrated with dashed lines in the figure.
The solutions illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 are self-explanatory.
Example 1
Proparation of a high-pressure sodium vapour lamp, 220 V/210 W: the inner diameter of the ceramic tube 1 amounts to 6.8 mm, the length to 70 mm, the wall-thickness to 0.7 mm. The ceramic closing element 2 is 8 mm long, the outer diameter equals to 7.2 mm, at the sunken (reduced section) part to 6.75 mm. The ignition electrode is made of niobium, the diameter equals to 0.5 mm and it extends in a length of 1 mm into the discharge space. The distance 5 between the ignition electrode and the end of the ceramic tube amounts to 1 mm.
Example 2
In the embodiment of a high-pressure sodium vapour lamp 220 Vi210 W illustrated in Figure 3 the dimensions are the same as in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, with the difference that the closing element indicated by the reference number 2 in Figure 1 consists of two discrete pieces 7 and 8, respectively.
Claims (9)
1. Electric gas discharge lamp comprising a ceramic tube or bulb, a ceramic closing element, current feeding electrodes, a gas filling in said bulb, an ignition electrode extending into the discharge space through the mantle (outer) surface of the lamp in the vicinity of the peak of the main electrode.
2. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ceramic closing element is generally thimble-shaped.
3. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the closing element is formed with a reduced-section end portion.
4. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in claim 3, wherein the said end portion has a diameter less than the inner diameter of the discharge tube or bulb, while the unreduced outer diameter of the closing element is less than the outer diameter of the discharge tube or bulb.
5. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the distance between the plane of ignition electrode penetrating into the closing element and the matching (abutting) surfaces of said closing element and the ceramic tube or bulb lies within the moistening zone of the solder used to join said closing element and said tube or bulb.
6. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the ignition electroee is introduced through the mantle (outer) surface of the ceramic discharge tube.
7. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in claim 2 or any claim appendant thereto, wherein the ignition electrode is introduced through the mantle (outer) surface of the ceramic closing element.
8. Electric discharge lamp as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ignition electrode is led through the mantle (outer) surface of a cylindrical distance piece that is connected to a plain closing element.
9. Electric discharge lamp substantially as herein described with reference to and as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2 or Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing and/or substantially as herein described with reference to either of the Examples.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU8080106A HU178828B (en) | 1980-01-19 | 1980-01-19 | Electric discharging lamp of ceramic bulb with ignition electrode introduced through the hole of casing surface |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2071907A true GB2071907A (en) | 1981-09-23 |
Family
ID=10947945
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8034604A Withdrawn GB2071907A (en) | 1980-01-19 | 1980-10-28 | Electric discharge lamp with a ceramic envelope and with an ignition electrode led through a bore in the outer or mantle surface of the lamp |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56106361A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE886209A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3042137A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK470180A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2474240A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2071907A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU178828B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1149267B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8005965A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8009071L (en) |
| YU (1) | YU12881A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0944111A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | High pressure discharge lamp |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19610387A1 (en) * | 1996-03-16 | 1997-09-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Gas discharge lamp, in particular for motor vehicle headlights |
-
1980
- 1980-01-19 HU HU8080106A patent/HU178828B/en unknown
- 1980-10-28 GB GB8034604A patent/GB2071907A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-10-30 NL NL8005965A patent/NL8005965A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-11-03 DE DE19803042137 patent/DE3042137A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-11-04 FR FR8023511A patent/FR2474240A1/en active Granted
- 1980-11-05 DK DK470180A patent/DK470180A/en unknown
- 1980-11-17 BE BE0/202833A patent/BE886209A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-11-18 JP JP16253580A patent/JPS56106361A/en active Pending
- 1980-11-25 IT IT26224/80A patent/IT1149267B/en active
- 1980-12-22 SE SE8009071A patent/SE8009071L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1981
- 1981-01-19 YU YU00128/81A patent/YU12881A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0944111A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | High pressure discharge lamp |
| US6262533B1 (en) | 1998-03-18 | 2001-07-17 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Starting electrode for high pressure discharge lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8009071L (en) | 1981-07-20 |
| BE886209A (en) | 1981-03-16 |
| IT1149267B (en) | 1986-12-03 |
| HU178828B (en) | 1982-07-28 |
| IT8026224A0 (en) | 1980-11-25 |
| DE3042137A1 (en) | 1981-07-23 |
| NL8005965A (en) | 1981-08-17 |
| JPS56106361A (en) | 1981-08-24 |
| FR2474240A1 (en) | 1981-07-24 |
| FR2474240B3 (en) | 1983-07-29 |
| DK470180A (en) | 1981-07-20 |
| YU12881A (en) | 1983-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |