GB2064346A - Multistage evaporation process and apparatus - Google Patents
Multistage evaporation process and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2064346A GB2064346A GB8038688A GB8038688A GB2064346A GB 2064346 A GB2064346 A GB 2064346A GB 8038688 A GB8038688 A GB 8038688A GB 8038688 A GB8038688 A GB 8038688A GB 2064346 A GB2064346 A GB 2064346A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- condensation
- evaporator
- jet pump
- evaporation
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0094—Evaporating with forced circulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/08—Processing by evaporation; by distillation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
Multistage evaporation installations which include jet pumps 10 for co-condensation from the second evaporation stage onwards. The corresponding apparatus includes one or more jet pumps instead of a conventional co-condensers. The evaporation installations are used for the concentration of salt-containing solutions or suspensions, particularly radioactively contaminated solutions or suspensions. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Multistage evaporation process and apparatus
This invention relates to a multistage evaporation process and apparatus.
More particularly the invention relates to a co- condensation process carried out in multistage evaporator installations for concentrating saltcontaining solutions and/or solids suspensions, particularly for decontaminating radioactively contaminated solutions and suspensions, and to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
In multistage evaporator installations, the vapours from the preceding evaporator stage may be liquefied by co-condensation in the following evaporator stage. The heat transferred during co- condensation is re-used for evaporation by reducing the pressure on the liquid in forced circulation.
According to German Auslegeschrift No.
24 1 8 045, the vapours are introduced into the liquid through perforated surfaces or the like.
However, this procedure has the disadvantage that co-condensers of this type are structurally complex, in addition to which the perforated surfaces clog very easily, cause water shocks and require considerable maintenance. In the processing of radioactively contaminated solutions and suspensions, particular difficulties can arise out of these disadvantages.
A process described in the German
Offenlegungsschrift No. 26 32 910 uses indirect heat exchangers for each stage. This process is technically complex, expensive and involves unwanted maintenance problems, particularly in the case of radioactive liquids.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a co-condensation process carried out in multistage evaporator installations for concentrating salt-containing solutions and/or solids suspensions, particularly for decontaminating radioactively contaminated solutions and suspensions, and an apparatus for carrying out this process which, above all, are easy to maintain, technically uncomplicated and do not show any tendency towards blockages.
The present invention provides a process for concentrating salt-containing solutions and/or solids suspensions carried out in evaporator installations in at least two stages, from the second stage onwards co-condensation being carried out by means of a jet pump.
The invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out this process comprising a first evaporator installation stage incorporating a preheater, an evaporation vessel, a recirculation pump, a heat exchanger and a throttle diaphragm and at least one further evaporator installation stages comprising an evaporation vessel, a recirculation pump, a throttle diaphragm, pipes and a co-condenser in the form of a jet pump.
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings illustrate the process according to the invention with reference, by way of example, to a particularly advantageous apparatus, Figure 2 showing one example of a jet pump in detail.
Liquid to be concentrated by evaporation is delivered through a pipe (1 ) via a preheater (3) to an evaporation vessel (2) of a first evaporator stage. A recirculation pump (4) delivers the liquid through a heat exchanger (5) and a throttle diaphragm (6) back into the evaporation vessel (2). Some of the liquid evaporates on expansion of the circulating concentrate in the throttle diaphragm (6). The quantity of heating steam delivered to the heat exchanger (5) through a feed pipe (7) determines the throughput of the evaporator installation. The vapours are separated from the circulating concentrate in the evaporation vessel (2). The waste heat of the heating steam condensate drained off through a pipe (8) heats the liquid to be introduced through the pipe (1) in the preheater (3).The vapours from the first evaporator stage flow through a pipe (9) into a co-condenser (10) installed in the recirculation pipe (11) of a second evaporator stage. All the droplets entrained by the vapours from the first evaporator stage are injected into and trapped in the concentrate circuit of the second evaporator stage so that the droplets from the first stage do not contaminate, for example radioactively, the distillate of the following stage.
According to the invention, this injection is oarried out by means of a jet pump (10) which forms the co-condenser. As small, compact elements, jet pumps are eminently suitable for installation as co-condensers in accordance with the invention because they effectively form part of the recirculation pipe. The capacity of the hitherto known, large and structurally complicated co- condensers which, for an evaporation rate of 6.5 t/h for example, amounts to 7 cubic metres is reduced in accordance with the invention to 0.1 cubic metre for the same evaporation rate, the material weight being reduced to around 10%. In the illustrated embodiment, co-condensation in accordance with the invention takes place in a jet pump having a nominal width of around 300 mm and a length of the order of 1.5 m. Complete condensation of the vapours is obtained.The process according to the invention also has a particularly favourable effect both in terms of assembly work and in terms of effective decontaminatability in the evaporation and decontamination of radioactively contaminated liquids. In addition, in contrast to conventional Co- condensers, multistage evaporator installations according to the invention may be started up without any of the notorious water shocks which are capable of damaging the apparatus.
Accordingly, there is also no need to use the otherwise additionally necessary indirect heat exchangers. The jet pump (10) acting as co- condenser is connected for assembly and dismantling to the recirculation pipe (11) and the throttle diaphragm (17) of the second evaporator stage and to the vapour feed pipe (9) by means of flanges (12) (Figure 2). A shut-off member (13) is fitted between the jet jump (10) and the vapour feed pipe (9). It is of advantage to provide further shut-off members between the jet pump (10) and the circulation-adapted throttle diaphragm (17) or rather the recirculation pipe (1 1). In this way, the jet pump (10) can be quickly and safely replaced.
The small external surface affords the further advantage of minimal heat losses. In addition, integration of the jet pump (10) forming the co- condenser into the recirculation pipe (11) simplifies the design work required to allow for thermal expansion.
The second evaporation stage and the further evaporation stages, if any, each equipped in accordance with the invention with the jet pump (10) acting as co-condenser, function on otherwise the same principle as the first evaporator stage in other words the liquid flows in forced circulation from the evaporation vessel (14) via the recirculation pump (1 5) back to the jet pump (10). The vapours are delivered to the next stages, if any, through vapour pipes (16) or are further treated in known manner.
The concentrate from the first evaporator stage is run off through a pipe (18). The second evaporator stage and further evaporator stages are washed out through pipes (19).
Claims (6)
1. A co-condensation process for concentrating salt-containing solutions and/or solids suspensions carried out in evaporator installations in at least two stages, from the second stage onwards co-condensation being carried out by means of a jet pump.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, for the decontamination of radioactively contaminated solutions and suspensions.
3. An apparatus for carrying out the process claimed in claim 1 or 2 comprising first evaporator installation stage incorporating a preheater, an evaporation vessel, a recirculation pump, a heat exchanger and a throttle diaphragm and at least one further evaporator installation stages comprising an evaporation vessel, a recirculation pump, a throttle diaphragm, pipes and a co- condenser, in the form of a jet pump.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the jet pump is connected to the vapour pipe through a shut-off member.
5. A co-condensation process substantially as described with particular reference to the accompanying drawings.
6. A co-condensation apparatus substantially as described with particular reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792948541 DE2948541A1 (en) | 1979-12-03 | 1979-12-03 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MULTI-STAGE EVAPORATION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2064346A true GB2064346A (en) | 1981-06-17 |
Family
ID=6087450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8038688A Withdrawn GB2064346A (en) | 1979-12-03 | 1980-12-03 | Multistage evaporation process and apparatus |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5689891A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE886461A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8007848A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2948541A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES496320A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2471203A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2064346A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1129845B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0216181A1 (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-04-01 | Starcosa GmbH | Pervaporation process |
| WO1993015816A1 (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-19 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Improved exhaust vapour disposal process during overheated steam drying |
| CN108439513A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-08-24 | 长沙鑫本药业有限公司 | Waste water low-temperature atomizing evaporator |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6383787A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-04-14 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Panel display device |
| DE19629641A1 (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 1998-01-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for removing incrustations in evaporation plants |
| JP6603593B2 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2019-11-06 | Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 | Condenser |
| CN111544909A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-18 | 广东中科光年数智科技有限公司 | Evaporation concentration system |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB664212A (en) * | 1948-08-25 | 1952-01-02 | Murray Deodorisers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to ejector condensers |
| GB740231A (en) * | 1953-05-01 | 1955-11-09 | Murray Deodorisers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to ejector condensers |
| US3579307A (en) * | 1968-12-31 | 1971-05-18 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Apparatus for recovering acrylonitrile monomer in the production of a polymer |
| US3595759A (en) * | 1969-06-11 | 1971-07-27 | John Chambers | Distillation methods and apparatus |
| DE2054587B2 (en) * | 1970-11-06 | 1978-11-23 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Extraction device for multi-body evaporators |
| BE794936A (en) * | 1972-02-02 | 1973-05-29 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS, ESPECIALLY RADIOACTIVE LIQUIDS |
| AT329158B (en) * | 1974-01-25 | 1976-04-26 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | DEVICE FOR ACCIDENTAL SAFETY FOR SYSTEMS FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS |
| JPS5036877B2 (en) * | 1972-04-24 | 1975-11-28 | ||
| DE2420471B2 (en) * | 1974-04-27 | 1979-01-25 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Process for the separation and recovery of residual monomers from aqueous dispersions of acrylonitrile polymers |
| GB2019233B (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1982-06-09 | Addikiss Ltd | Condensaton of steam |
-
1979
- 1979-12-03 DE DE19792948541 patent/DE2948541A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-10-28 ES ES496320A patent/ES496320A0/en active Granted
- 1980-11-12 IT IT68735/80A patent/IT1129845B/en active
- 1980-12-01 BR BR8007848A patent/BR8007848A/en unknown
- 1980-12-02 JP JP16918780A patent/JPS5689891A/en active Pending
- 1980-12-02 BE BE6/47337A patent/BE886461A/en unknown
- 1980-12-02 FR FR8025587A patent/FR2471203A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-12-03 GB GB8038688A patent/GB2064346A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0216181A1 (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-04-01 | Starcosa GmbH | Pervaporation process |
| US4719016A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1988-01-12 | Starcosa Gmbh | Pervaporization method and apparatus |
| WO1993015816A1 (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-19 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Improved exhaust vapour disposal process during overheated steam drying |
| CN108439513A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-08-24 | 长沙鑫本药业有限公司 | Waste water low-temperature atomizing evaporator |
| CN108439513B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2024-03-01 | 长沙鑫本药业有限公司 | Low-temperature atomization evaporator for wastewater |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1129845B (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| DE2948541A1 (en) | 1981-06-04 |
| ES8204607A1 (en) | 1982-05-01 |
| BR8007848A (en) | 1981-06-16 |
| FR2471203A1 (en) | 1981-06-19 |
| BE886461A (en) | 1981-06-02 |
| ES496320A0 (en) | 1982-05-01 |
| JPS5689891A (en) | 1981-07-21 |
| IT8068735A0 (en) | 1980-11-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |