GB2063362A - I.C. engine cylinder head - Google Patents

I.C. engine cylinder head Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2063362A
GB2063362A GB7940528A GB7940528A GB2063362A GB 2063362 A GB2063362 A GB 2063362A GB 7940528 A GB7940528 A GB 7940528A GB 7940528 A GB7940528 A GB 7940528A GB 2063362 A GB2063362 A GB 2063362A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
valve
cylinder head
inlet
port
closable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7940528A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rover Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Rover Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rover Co Ltd filed Critical Rover Co Ltd
Priority to GB7940528A priority Critical patent/GB2063362A/en
Priority to JP16522180A priority patent/JPS56143322A/en
Priority to DE19803044200 priority patent/DE3044200A1/en
Publication of GB2063362A publication Critical patent/GB2063362A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1015—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
    • F02M35/10183—Engines having intake ducts fed from a separate carburettor or injector, the idling system being considered as a separate carburettor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/44—Multiple-valve gear or arrangements, not provided for in preceding subgroups, e.g. with lift and different valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/02—Other fluid-dynamic features of induction systems for improving quantity of charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10078—Connections of intake systems to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/108—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/108—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages
    • F02M35/1085—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages the combustion chamber having multiple intake valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B31/00—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder
    • F02B2031/006—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder having multiple air intake valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1015—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
    • F02M35/10196—Carburetted engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The inlet passage 6 to the larger of the two cylinder inlet valves 2, 3 is closed by a butterfly valve 10 below a certain engine speed. One of the cylinders exhaust passages may have a closure valve operable with the valve 10. The passages 6 and 8 may be supplied by respective manifolds and carburettors. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Cylinder head This invention relates to cylinder heads for internal combustion engines.
The invention provides a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, wherein there is provided two inlet valves per cylinder, each of which has a respective inlet port, one of the inlet ports being closable independently of the other.
Closure of one of the inlet ports for each cylinder enables the engine characteristics to be varied.
Advantageously, the closable port is arranged to close below a certain engine speed.
Advantageously, the valve of the closable port has a greater diameter than the valve of the other port.
Thus, the invention permits the use of small diameter valve at low engine revolutions producing better mixing and hence use of a leaner mixture and greater power while obtaining the advantages of a larger inlet area at high engine revolutions. Also, use of a relatively long inlet port is possible. Previously engine valve area could not be varied and a choice had to be made between a small valve area which produced good mixing and high power at low engine speed but was handicapped by reduced volumetric efficiency and reduced power at high engine speed, and a large valve area which produced good volumetric efficiency and power at high engine speed but had the disadvantage of knocking and reduced power at low engine speed.Advantageously, the closable port is arranged to open in the region of the speed where the volumetric efficiency of the engine due to the smaller port begins to fall off.
Advantageously, the lift and/or opening period of the valve of the closable port is greater than that of the other valve.
Advantageously, there is provided two separate inlet manifolds, one of which leads to the closable ports and the other of which leads to the other ports. Preferably, the closable ports are closed in use by a single valve member for example, a butterfly valve in the respective manifold. If desired, separate valve members for the closable ports of each cylinder may be provided, but the use of a manifold and one valve member simplifies the arrangement. In the case of two manifolds, each may be provided with a valve member, and a carburetter feeding the manifolds then need have no throttle of its own: at high engine speeds, the valve members may move in synchronism while at low engine speeds, only one of the valve members may move, the other being closed.
A single outlet valve per cylinder may be employed or, if desired, two outlet valves per cylinder may be provided. In the latter case, the port leading to one of the valves may be closable.
The cylinder head may be for a spark-ignited or for a compression-ignited engine.
A cylinder head for a spark-ignited four-stroke petrol engine will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of the valves for one cylinder of the engine; Figure 2 is a section through the line A-A in Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a section through the line B-B in Figure 1.
Referring to the drawings, the cylinder head has two inlet and two exhaust valves per cylinder.
A single camshaft 1 acts directly on both inlet valves 2 and 3 via conventional bucket tappets 4 and adjustable pallets 5. The inlet valves have different head diameters and the cam lift and periods are designed to suit the respective valve sizes.
Inlet valve 2 in Figure 2 is shown with a large diameter head and a correspondingly large inlet port 6, the cam 7 to operate this valve has a large opening period and lift to give high power, high speed induction requirements. Inlet valve 3 in Figure 3 has a much smaller diameter head and is fed by a small diameter port 8. The profile of the cam 9 which operates this valve 3 is chosen to give high torque characteristics at low engine speeds and to run on a lean air-fuel ratio.
To obtain the benefits of the inlet valve 3 and cam profile 9 at low engine speed in accordance with the invention, the effect of the larger valve 2 and extended period cam 7 is cancelled by closing the inlet port 6 and preventing the flow of induction charges into the engine via this valve and port at low speed. Figure 2 shows a simple butterfly valve 10 positioned in the inlet port to achieve the isolation of valve 2. This isolation is not however confined to the use of a butterfly valve, many other types of on-off valve being possible.
The engine idles and runs at low to medium speed with, effectively, only the one inlet valve operating. The variable inlet condition can be operated by various signals and gives an extended degree of flexibility for power and knock limit control of the engine.
Additionally, the smaller inlet valves and ports can be positioned side by side on adjacent cylinders on a multi-cylinder engine and near to the carburetter to give a small volume inlet manifold which can be used to advantage for cold starting and quick warm-up.
The discharge of the exhaust gases from the cylinder can be done by various methods. A single large valve and port operated by a rocker from the inlet cam can be used or, as shown in Figure 1, two separate valves 11 and 12 operated by a three-finger rocker 13, from the inlet cam 7, can be employed. Alternatively, two separate valves and exhaust ports operated by two individual rockers from both inlet cams 7 and 9 could be provided. The latter layout would permit different exhaust valve timings and permit the inclusion of an on-off valve in exhaust port 14 to work in tandem with valve 10.
Typical valve sizes are one inch for the larger and half an inch for the smaller in a 70mm bore.

Claims (7)

1. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, wherein there is provided two inlet valves per cylinder, each of which has a respective inlet port, one of the inlet ports being closable independently of the other.
2. A cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the closable port is arranged to close below a certain engine speed.
3. A cylinder head as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the valve of the closable port has a greater diameter than the valve of the other port.
4. A cylinder head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein there is provided two separate inlet manifolds, one of which leads to the clcsable ports, the other of which leads to the other ports.
5. A cylinder head as claimed in claim 4, wherein the closable ports are closed in use by a single valve member in the respective manifold.
6. A cylinder head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a butterfly valve is used to close the closable ports.
7. A cylinder head substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
GB7940528A 1979-11-23 1979-11-23 I.C. engine cylinder head Withdrawn GB2063362A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940528A GB2063362A (en) 1979-11-23 1979-11-23 I.C. engine cylinder head
JP16522180A JPS56143322A (en) 1979-11-23 1980-11-22 Cylinder head
DE19803044200 DE3044200A1 (en) 1979-11-23 1980-11-24 CYLINDER HEAD FOR SELF-PRIMING COMBUSTION ENGINES

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940528A GB2063362A (en) 1979-11-23 1979-11-23 I.C. engine cylinder head

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2063362A true GB2063362A (en) 1981-06-03

Family

ID=10509372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7940528A Withdrawn GB2063362A (en) 1979-11-23 1979-11-23 I.C. engine cylinder head

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS56143322A (en)
DE (1) DE3044200A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2063362A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2540178A1 (en) * 1983-02-02 1984-08-03 Alfa Romeo Auto Spa INTAKE SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING MULTIPLE CYLINDER ADMISSION VALVES
FR2558212A1 (en) * 1984-01-13 1985-07-19 Barbault Jean Pierre Inlet pipe comprising a flap
GB2162896A (en) * 1984-06-29 1986-02-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Direct injection diesel engine dual air intake passages
US4617881A (en) * 1985-03-29 1986-10-21 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Actuating mechanism for multiple valve internal combustion engine
US4651684A (en) * 1982-09-10 1987-03-24 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve timing control system for internal combustion engine
US4875455A (en) * 1987-04-28 1989-10-24 Mazda Motor Corporation Automobile exhaust gas recirculating system
EP0360408A2 (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-28 Ford Motor Company Limited Engine induction system and method
GB2226363A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-27 Daimler Benz Ag I.c. engine intake system
GB2226852A (en) * 1988-12-27 1990-07-11 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd I.c.engine charge intake and combustion chamber arrangement
WO1992014923A1 (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-09-03 T&N Technology Limited Internal combustion engines
GB2283058A (en) * 1993-10-19 1995-04-26 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd I.c. engine charge tumble intake system
EP0701057A1 (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-13 Magneti Marelli France Intake manifold with pivotable flaps for internal combustion engine
WO1999014470A1 (en) 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Timothy Stone Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2537205B2 (en) * 1986-07-09 1996-09-25 本田技研工業株式会社 Valve train for internal combustion engine
JPH0668254B2 (en) * 1986-07-09 1994-08-31 本田技研工業株式会社 SOHC internal combustion engine

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4651684A (en) * 1982-09-10 1987-03-24 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve timing control system for internal combustion engine
FR2540178A1 (en) * 1983-02-02 1984-08-03 Alfa Romeo Auto Spa INTAKE SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING MULTIPLE CYLINDER ADMISSION VALVES
GB2134179A (en) * 1983-02-02 1984-08-08 Alfa Romeo Auto Spa Intake system of an i.c. engine having a plurality of intake valves per cylinder
FR2558212A1 (en) * 1984-01-13 1985-07-19 Barbault Jean Pierre Inlet pipe comprising a flap
GB2162896A (en) * 1984-06-29 1986-02-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Direct injection diesel engine dual air intake passages
US4617881A (en) * 1985-03-29 1986-10-21 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Actuating mechanism for multiple valve internal combustion engine
US4875455A (en) * 1987-04-28 1989-10-24 Mazda Motor Corporation Automobile exhaust gas recirculating system
EP0360408A3 (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-06-13 Ford Motor Company Limited Engine induction system and method
EP0360408A2 (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-28 Ford Motor Company Limited Engine induction system and method
GB2226363A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-27 Daimler Benz Ag I.c. engine intake system
GB2226852A (en) * 1988-12-27 1990-07-11 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd I.c.engine charge intake and combustion chamber arrangement
GB2226852B (en) * 1988-12-27 1993-06-30 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd A combustion system of an internal combustion engine
WO1992014923A1 (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-09-03 T&N Technology Limited Internal combustion engines
GB2283058A (en) * 1993-10-19 1995-04-26 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd I.c. engine charge tumble intake system
GB2283058B (en) * 1993-10-19 1998-05-27 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Engine air intake system
EP0701057A1 (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-13 Magneti Marelli France Intake manifold with pivotable flaps for internal combustion engine
FR2724418A1 (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-15 Magneti Marelli France AIR INTAKE TUBE WITH PIVOTING SHUTTERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
WO1999014470A1 (en) 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Timothy Stone Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS56143322A (en) 1981-11-09
DE3044200A1 (en) 1981-06-04

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