GB2060489A - Material for medical technology - Google Patents

Material for medical technology Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2060489A
GB2060489A GB8032794A GB8032794A GB2060489A GB 2060489 A GB2060489 A GB 2060489A GB 8032794 A GB8032794 A GB 8032794A GB 8032794 A GB8032794 A GB 8032794A GB 2060489 A GB2060489 A GB 2060489A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
fibres
reinforced
fibre
fleeces
manufacture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8032794A
Other versions
GB2060489B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of GB2060489A publication Critical patent/GB2060489A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2060489B publication Critical patent/GB2060489B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28—Bones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2/30965—Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
    • A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
    • A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
    • A61L27/443—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with carbon fillers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30009—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in fibre orientations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0028—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in fibre orientations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/22—Fibres of short length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514—Oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2535/00—Medical equipment, e.g. bandage, prostheses or catheter

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

SPECIFICATION Material for Medical Technology The invention relates to a material for medical technology.
It is known to use metal alloys or aluminium oxide ceramics and combinations of these two materials as substitutes for human bones, such as the hip joint. Metal and plastics systems also exist for this purpose and, in recent times, systems comprising carbon or graphite. Furthermore, it is known that metals or metal alloys are used for support or connection elements in the case of fractured bones.
In both cases of application, the materials used hitherto are disadvantageous in some way or other. In the case of bone replacement in, for example, the hip joint, the femoral shaft is made only from metallic materials. Hitherto, metal alloys have also been predominantly used for the hip joint ball. Of late, the hip ball has also been made from aluminium oxide. Metals as well as aluminium oxide and plastics material, or combinations of these materials, are used for the hip joint socket. Hitherto, bone cement has generally been used for securing the femoral shaft and the socket. This cement decomposes in the course of time, so that the implants become loose. A new fastening technique has been performed in recent times, although it has not yet proved to be fully successful. The failures experienced hitherto are chiefly attributed to the great difference between the moduli of elasticity of bones implant material. The high modules of elasticity of the implant materials is also disadvantageous in that it does damp hard impacts in the same way as they are damped by bones, and transmits them in a fairly undamped manner to the body. All the problems relating to corrosion and wear on metal alloys have not yet been solved, while the high impact sensitivity of aluminium oxide is disadvantageous.
Pure plastics material cannot be used for the case of application under consideration, since the tensile strength, bending strength, alternating bending strength and long-term rupture strength of these materials are too low.
Our British Patent Specification 1 570325 describes a material having a core comprising a fibre-reinforced thermosetting plastics material acting as a supporting element and having a body-compatible fibre reinforced surface layer of polyethylene, that is to say, a thermoplastics material which was hitherto considered to be the most body-compatible plastics material. However, in the meantime, a long series of tests has shown that the body-compatibility of polyethylene under long dwell times in the body is not as favourable as was assumed hitherto. It has been found, particularly with respect to the growing-in behaviour, that the use of polyethylene as the surface of a material or component of this kind frequently results in a more or less thick connective tissue layer which is considered to be a further cause of subsequent loosening of implants.
In contrast to this, a material having a surface layer of triazine resin has the advantage that no disadvantages with respect to body compatibility have arisen after a twelve months period of implantation. In particular, it has been found that the bone tissue grows fully onto the implant without an intermediate layer. Moreover, the triazine resin can be satisfactorily reinforced with carbon fibres, so that a high-strength material of variable rigidity can be manufactured. This renders it possible to design endoprostheses, especially hip joint endoprostheses, from biomechanical viewpoints, that is to say, to adapt the rigidity to the bone rigidity and to design a composite structure such that no detrimental stresses leading to disintegration of bone occur in the residual bone.
Triazine resins, equivalent to cyanate resins, have already been used in a fibre-reinforced form as a carrying core in the material in accordance with British Patent Specification 1 570325.
However, an opinion generally prevailing among specialists was that this synthetic resin, classed with thermosetting plastics, would not exhibit adequate body-compatibility, since thermosetting plastics could always give off substances which would lead to unsatisfactory body-compatibility.
Unexpectedly, however, it has been found that this generally prevailing prejudice against thermosetting plastics in general, and against triazine resins in particular, does not hold true and that, on the contrary, triazine resin reinforced particularly with carbon fibres has excellent bodycompatibility.
According to the present invention therefore, there is provided a composite material for medical technology comprising a fibre-reinforced thermosetting plastics material serving as a carrying element and having a body-compatible, fibrereinforced surface layer, wherein both the core and the surface layer comprise fibrereinforced triazine resin.
The material can be used for the manufacture of joints, such as hip joints. More generally it can be used for the manufacture of bone substitute, especially the manufacture of endoprostheses, and for the manufacture of implantable support or connection elements for bones.
The reinforcing fibres may comprise carbon or other high strength materials having a high modulus of elasticity. The fibres may be used in the form of fleeces or in the form of a combination of fleeces and long fibres. The fibres in the fleeces may be diversely obtained.
It is particularly advantageous to reinforce the triazine resin with carbon fleeces in which the orientation of the fibres is diversified. This renders it possible to adapt the mechanical properties of the material to the properties of the bone in an excellent manner.
Example A carbon fibre fleece with diverse orientation of the fibres is impregnated with a triazine liquid resin, such as triazine A manufactured by the firm Bayer AG, dissolved in acetone (70 percent by weight of resin in 30 percent by weight of acetone). The impregnated fleece is then rolled together and shaped to form the rough contours of the subsequent moulded part. This preshaped part is then placed into a mould comprising, for example, two parts. Care must be taken that the total volume of the preshaped part is somewhat greater than the volume of the fully closed mould and that the latter has at least one opening through which the surplus resin can emerge upon pressing the two halves of the mould together.
The mould containing the preshaped part is then heated to approximately 1600C and the halves of the mould are then pressed together. The triazine resin has hardened after cooling, so that, after the moulded body has been removed from the mould, the moulded body is in the form of a tightly cohesive laminated material whose surface, like the core, comprises triazine resin reinforced with carbon fibres. The material has a bending strength in excess of 600 N/mm2 and a modulus of elasticity of from 50,000 to 100,000 N/mm2.
These properties can be largely adapted to the properties of the bones by varying the length of the fibres and by varying the orientation of the fibres.

Claims (11)

Claims
1. Composite material having a core comprising a fibre-reinforced thermosetting plastics material serving as a carrying element and having a body-compatible, fibre-reinforced, surface layer, wherein both the core and the surface layer comprise fibre-reinforced triazine resin.
2. Material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fibres comprise high-strength materials having a high modulus of elasticity.
3. Material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibres comprise carbon.
4. Material as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the fibres are used in the form of fleeces.
5. Material as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the fibres are used in the form of a combination of fleeces and long fibres.
6. Material as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the fibres in the fleeces are diversely orientated.
7. Material as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Example.
8. The use of triazine resins for the manufacture of bone substitute.
9. The use of triazine resins for the manufacture of endoprostheses.
10. The use of triazine resins for the manufacture of implantable support or connection elements for bones.
11. Prostheses formed from a material as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7.
GB8032794A 1979-10-12 1980-10-10 Material for medical technology Expired GB2060489B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792941369 DE2941369A1 (en) 1979-10-12 1979-10-12 MATERIAL FOR MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2060489A true GB2060489A (en) 1981-05-07
GB2060489B GB2060489B (en) 1984-04-04

Family

ID=6083336

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8032794A Expired GB2060489B (en) 1979-10-12 1980-10-10 Material for medical technology

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5660553A (en)
CH (1) CH647153A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2941369A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2466982A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2060489B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0231267A1 (en) * 1985-07-10 1987-08-12 Orthomatrix Femoral-joint prosthetic device.

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3301415A1 (en) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Endoprosthesis
DE3324256A1 (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart ENDOPROTHESIS MADE OF FIBER-REINFORCED DUROPLASTIC SYNTHETIC RESIN AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US4655777A (en) * 1983-12-19 1987-04-07 Southern Research Institute Method of producing biodegradable prosthesis and products therefrom
JPS61226038A (en) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-07 マン　テクノロジー　ゲーエムベーハー Production of substitute bone implant
DE3524020A1 (en) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-02 M A N Technologie GmbH, 8000 München METHOD FOR TREATING BONE REPLACEMENT IMPLANTS
DE3838568A1 (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-17 Inst Textil & Faserforschung Joint prosthesis
DE3942769A1 (en) * 1989-12-23 1991-06-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Medical implant for endoprosthesis, esp. ball and socket joints - comprises triazine resin matrix contg. carbon fibres and alumina
DE4230339A1 (en) * 1992-09-10 1994-03-17 Man Ceramics Gmbh Implant

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2603456C2 (en) * 1976-01-30 1984-04-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Process for the production of a bone implant

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0231267A1 (en) * 1985-07-10 1987-08-12 Orthomatrix Femoral-joint prosthetic device.
EP0231267A4 (en) * 1985-07-10 1988-06-20 Orthomatrix Femoral-joint prosthetic device.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH647153A5 (en) 1985-01-15
JPS5660553A (en) 1981-05-25
DE2941369A1 (en) 1981-04-23
JPS6357064B2 (en) 1988-11-10
FR2466982A1 (en) 1981-04-17
GB2060489B (en) 1984-04-04
FR2466982B1 (en) 1984-07-20

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19961010