GB2059975A - Soaping agent and soaping method - Google Patents
Soaping agent and soaping method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2059975A GB2059975A GB8029289A GB8029289A GB2059975A GB 2059975 A GB2059975 A GB 2059975A GB 8029289 A GB8029289 A GB 8029289A GB 8029289 A GB8029289 A GB 8029289A GB 2059975 A GB2059975 A GB 2059975A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ditto
- soaping
- ethylene oxide
- soaping agent
- polyhydric alcohol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2615—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen the other compounds containing carboxylic acid, ester or anhydride groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
Fibrous dyed articles are soaped with a soaping agent comprising a product obtained by adding ethylene oxide to a mixture of a fatty acid triglyceride and a polyhydric alcohol.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Soaping agent and soaping method
The present invention relates to a soaping method and agent. More particularly, the present invention relates to a soaping which is conducted in order to remove an unfixed dye when a fibrous article containing polyester fibers has been dyed with a disperse dye.
In dyeing fibrous articles containing polyester fibers, a disperse dye is ordinarily used for polyester fibers and an acid dye, a cationic dye, a reactive dye, a basic dye or the like is used for other fibers such as nylon fibers, acrylic fibers, wool fibers and cotton fibers. Dyed articles are ordinarily passed through the soaping step to remove any unfixed dye or paste in the case of printed articles, thereby clarifying the colour pattern, and to improve the feel of various fastnesses. In case of dyed products formed by using a disperse dye, reduction washing is carried out at the soaping step so as to improve various fastnesses.
When a disperse dye is used, however, any unfixed dye removed during the soaping operation tends to adhere to the fibers again, resulting in a reduction in the colour clarity of the dyeing. Especially in case of a printed article, if the unfixed dye stains a white portion, the grade of the product is drastically reduced.
In order to prevent this staining and improve various fastnesses, there is ordinatily adopted a method in which soaping is carried out in the presence of a surface active agent called "soaping agent".
As the soaping agent, there have heretofore been used ethylene oxide adducts of aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide adducts of nonylphenyl ether, and ethylene oxide adducts of fatty acids. These soaping agents, however, are still insufficient in stain-preventing effect and fastness-improving effect, and therefore, developments of improved soaping agents have been desired in the dyeing art.
We have carried out research on this problem and have found that when a soaping agent comprising a product obtained by adding ethylene oxide to a mixture of a fatty acid triglyceride and a polyhydric alcohol is used, re-contamination with an unfixed dye can be sufficiently prevented while improving the fastness of fibrous articles containing polyester fibers satisfactorily. We have now completed the present invention based on this finding.
The type of fatty acid triglyceride that is used for the manufacture of the soaping agent of the present invention is not particularly critical. Triglycerides of higher fatty acids are normally used. Examples of suitable fatty acids are behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linolic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid and caprylic acid. These higher fatty acids may be used singly or in the form of a mixture of two or more of them. Either natural fatty acid triglycerides or synthetic fatty acid triglycerides may be used. Natural oils and fats, which are natural fatty acid triglycerides, are suitable for carrying out the present invention, because they are easily available.Examples of such natural oils or fats are animal oils and fats such as beef tallow, lard and mutton tallow, and vegetable oils and fats such as coconut oil, palm oil, cotton seed oil, castor oil, rape oil, coconut husk oil, soybean oil, olive oil, linseed oil and corn oil.
A compound having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, which contains 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups with the proviso that the number of the hydroxyl groups is equal to or smaller than the carbon number, is preferably used as the polyhydric compound in the present invention. Some Examples are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, 1.2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 2,3-butylene glycol, 1 ,2-pentylene glycol, 1,3-pentylene glycol, 2,3-pentylene glycol, 2,4-pentylene glycol, 1,2-hexylene glycol, 1 ,3-hexylene glycol, 2,3-hexylene glycol, 2,4-hexylene glycol, butane triol, pentane triol, hexane triol,pentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol and dulcitol.
Polyhydric alcohols having 3 carbon atoms are preferred, and glycerol is especially preferred. A mixture of two or more of such polyhydric alcohols may also be used.
The HLB value has a significant influence on the properties of the ethylene oxide adduct of the present invention as a soaping agent.
More specifically, it has been found that when the ethylene oxide adduct obtained according to the present invention has an HLB value of from 8 to 14, the properties of the adduct as a soaping agent, that is, the friction fastness and prevention of contamination of a white protion, are greatly improved. Accordingly, in the present invention, the molar ratio of the fatty acid triglyceride to the polyhydric alcohol or the molar ratio of the mixture of the fatty acid triglyceride and polyhydric alcohol is not particularly critical, so far as such molar ratio provides an HLB value of 8 to 14.Ordinarily, however, it is preferred that the polyhydric alcohol be used 0.1 to 5 mols, especially 0.2 to 2 mols, per mol of the fatty acid triglyceride and that ethylene oxide be used in an amount of 1 to 50 mols, especially 5 to 25 mols, per mol of the sum of the fatty acid triglyceride and polyhydric alcohol.
The addition reaction method is not particularly critical. Conditions ordinarily adopted for reaction of adding ethylene oxide to active hydrogen-containing compounds may be adopted. More specifically, a catalytic amount of an alkaline substance may be added to a mixture containing a triglyceride and a polyhydric alcohol in the above-mentioned molar ratio, and ethylene oxide is introduced at about 100 to about 200on under 1 to 5 Kg/cm2 over a period of several hours to effect reaction.
The product obtained by this reaction is a mixture of various compounds, and the composition has not been precisely elucidated. However, it is believed that the main component is a compound in which ethylene oxide is added between the fatty acids constituting the triglyceride and the polyhydric alcohol or glycerine derived from the triglyceride.
In the invention, it is practical thatthe soaping step is conducted like dipping or washing under the following conditions:
(1) concentration of the soaping agent
1 to 5, preferably 2 to 3, g/ (2) bath ratio of fiber to solution 1:10 to 1 :60, preferably 1:20 to 1 :40
(3) soaping period of time
3 to 20, preferably 5 to 15, minutes
(4) bath temperature 50 to 90, 60 to 80, "C The soaping can be carried out effectively either batchwise or continuously.
In addition, a reductive washing step may be carried out, using a reducing agent in a desired amount This amount is preferably 1 to 3 gK. A preferred reducing agent is a combination of hydrosulfite and caustic soda orthiourea dioxide.
The present invention will now be described with reference to the following non-limiting Examples:
Example 1
A polyester fabric was printed with a color paste havng a composition shown below and preliminanly dried at 1 000C for 3 minutes. Then, the fabric was subjected to steaming at 1 80"C for 3 minutes. The printed cloth was soaped at 80"C for 10 minutes in a bath containing 2 glt of a soaping agent shown in Table 1, 1 9/t of caustic soda and 2 gfe of hydrosulfite at a bath ratio of 1:30. Then, the printed fabric was washed with running water at 40"C for 5 minutes. The contamination of the white portion and the friction fastness were examined to obtain results shown in Table 1.
Composition of Color Paste:
Terasil Navy Blue BGL Liquid -, (disperse dye manufactured by
Ciba-Geigy) 8 parts by weight
Terpene 18 parts by weight
Etherified starch (Sorbitose C-5) 5 parts by weight
Citric acid 0.2 part by weight
Water 68.8 parts by weight
The HLB value was calculated according to the following Griffin'sformula: HLBvalue = 20(1-S/A)
wherein S stands for the saponification value and
A stands for the acid value of the fatty acid used.
In this case, the saponification value of the reaction mixture was calculated by dividing the saponification value of the triglyceride by the ratio of the weight increase by the polyhydric alcohol and ethylene oxide, and the acid value of the fatty acid formed by decomposition of the triglyceride was adopted as the acid value (see "Handbook of Surface Active Agents", page 308, published by Sangyo Tosho Kabushiki Kaisha in 1960).
The friction fastness was determined according to the method of JIA L-0849. More specifically, the dyed fabric was rubbed with a white fabric under a certain load, and the stain of the white fabric was measured by a gray scale for determination of the stain (Dyeing Fastness Departmentofjapan Standard Association) and the friction fastness was determined based on the measured stain.
The contamination degree of a white portion was determined by treating a white fabric together with the dyed fabric in the same soaping bath and measuring the stain of the white faric by a gray scale for determination of the stain (Dyeing Fastness Department of Japan Standard Association).
TABLE 1
Run No. Soaping Agent HLB Value Friction Contamination
Fastness Degree of
Triglyceride Polyhydric Alcohol Mol number White Portion of Added
Kind Mol Kind Mol Ethylene
Oxide 1 (product beef 1 glycerine 1 10.0 10.9 4-5 4 of present tallow
Invention) 2 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 12.0 11.6 5 4-5 3 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 15.0 12.9 5 4 4 (ditto) ditto 1 sorbitol 1 12.0 11.5 5 4-5 5 (ditto) rape oil 1 glycerine 1 12.0 11.7 5 4-5 6 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 3.5 6.7 4-5 3-4 7 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 4.9 8.0 4-5 4 8 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 8.1 10.0 5 4-5 9 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 15.0 12.6 5 4-5 10 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 20.0 13.7 5 4 11 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 25.0 14.6 5 3-4 12 (ditto) ditto 1 ethylene 1 10.0 10.7 5 4-5 glycol 13 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 0.5 15.0 11.1 5 4-5 14 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1.5 16.0 13.8 5 4 15 (ditto) ditto 1 pentane 1 10.0 11.0 5 4-5 triol TABLE 1 (continued)
Run No. Soaping Agent HLB Friction Contamination
Value Fastness Degree of
Triglyceride Polyhydric Alcohol Mol Number Withe Portion of Added
Kind Mol Kind Mol Ethylene
Oxide 16 (product rape oil 1 pentane 0.5 15.0 11.3 5 4-5 of Present triol
Invention 17 (ditto) soybean 1 glycerine 1 10.0 11.2 5 4-5 oil 18 (ditto) coconut 1 ditto 1 15.0 13.8 5 4 oil 19 (ditto) rape oil 1 ditto 2 12.0 13.3 5 4 20 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 0.5 12.0 10.4 5 4-5 21 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 0.2 12.0 9.4 4-5 4 22 (Conven- aduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide 12.8 4 3 ional to nonylphenyl ether product) 23 (ditto) adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide 11.5 4 3-4 to oleic acid 24 (ditto) adduct of 15 mols of ethylene oxide 14.3 4 3 to oleayamine 25 (ditto) sodium α;-olefin-sulfonate (having 4-5 3 16-19 carbon atoms) Example 2
The treatment was carried out in the same manneras described in Example 1 except that Kayalon
Polyester Navy Blue 2G-SF Paste (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha) was used instead of the dye used in Example 1. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Run No. Soaping Agent HLB value Friction Contamination
Fastness Degree of
Triglyceride Polyhydric Alcohol Mol number Withe Portion of Added
Kind Mol Kind Mol Ethylene
Oxide 26 (product rape oil 1 glycerine 1 7.0 8.9 4-5 4-5 of present invention) 27 (ditto) coconut 1 ditto 1 10.0 11.7 5 4-5 oil 28 (ditto) beef 1 sorbitol 1 12.0 11.5 5 5 tallow 29 (ditto) linseed 1 glycerine 1 11.0 11.4 5 5 oil 30 (conven- adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide 12.8 4-5 3 tional to nonylphenol ether product) 31 (ditto) adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide 11.5 5 3-4 to oleic acid Example 3
Equal amounts of a polyester fabric dyed according to the method of Example 1 and a cotton fabric dyed under the following conditions were soapeh at80. Cfor 10-minutesat-a bath ratio of 1 :30 in a soaping bath containing 2 gie of a soaping agent shown in Table-3 and 2 gle of soda ash. Then, the fabrics were washed with running water at 40"C for 5 minutes, and the friction fastness and the contamination degree of a white portion were determined with respect to each fabric. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
Composition of Color Paste:
Kayacion Turquoise Blue P-CF 3 parts by weight
(reactive dye)
Urea 8 parts by weight
Sodium alginate (5%) 50 parts by weight
Sodium m-nitrobenzene- 1 part by weight
sulfonate
Sodium bircarbonate 2.5 parts by weight
Water 34.5 parts by weight
Printing Conditions:
After printing, the fabric was preliminarily dried at 80"C for 5 minutes, subjected to steaming at 1300C for 5 minutes and then soaped.
TABLE 3
Soaping Agent HLB
Run No. Value
Triglyceride Polyhydric Mol Number
Alcohol of Added
Kind Mol Kind Mol Ethylene
Oxide
32 beef 1 glycerine 1 10.0 10.9
(present tallow
invention)
33 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 12.0 11.6
34 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 15.0 12.9
35 (ditto) coconut 1 ditto 1 15.0 13.8
oil
36 (ditto) rape oil 1 ditto 1 7.0 8.9
37 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 12.0 11.7
38 (con- adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide to 12.8
ventional nonylphenyl ether
product)
39 (ditto) adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide to 11.5
oleic acid
TABLE 3 (continued)
Run No.Polyester Cotton
Friction Contamination Friction Contamination
Fastness Degree of Fastness Degree of
(dry) White Portion (dry) White Portion 32 (present 4 4-5 4 4
invention) 33 (ditto) 4-5 5 4 4-5 34(ditto) 4-5 4-5 4 4 35 (ditto) 4-5 4-5 4 4
36 (ditto) 4 4-5 4 4 37 (ditto) 4-5 5 4 4-5
38 (con- 4 3-4 4 3
ventional
product
39 (ditto) 4 4 4 3
Example 4
A polyester/cotton fabric (65/35 weight ratio) was printed with a color paste having a composition shown below, preliminary dried at 80"C for 5 minutes, subjected to hot air fixation at 190for 1 minute and then subjected to steaming at 1 30 c for 3 minutes.The dyed fabric was soaped at 800C for 10 minutes at a bath ratio of 1: 30 in a soaping bath containing 2 g/e of a soaping agent shown in Table 4. After soaping, the fabric was washed with running water at 40"C for 5 minutes. The friction fastness and the contamination degree of a white portion were determined. The obtained results are shown in Table 4.
Composition of Color Paste:
Color Paste (1):
Kayaron Polyester Turquoise 2 parts by weight
Blue GL-S (disperse dye)
Water 48 parts by weight
Base paste 50 parts by weight
(5% sodium alginate)
Color Paste (2):
Cibaron Turquoise Blue 2 parts by weight
CF-P (reactive dye)
Urea 8 parts by weight
Sodium bicarbonate 2.5 parts by weight
Sodium m-nitrobenzene- 1 part by weight
su Ifonate
Water 36.5 parts by weight
Base paste 5 parts by weight
(5% sodium alginate)
Color pastes (1) and (2) were mixed at a ratio of 1:1 before printing.
TABLE 4
Run No. Soaping Agent HLB Friction Contamination
Value Fastness Degree of
Triglyceride Polyhydric Alcohol Mol Number White Portion of Added
Kind Mol Kind Mol Ethylene
Oxide 40 (product beef 1 glycerine 1 10.0 10.9 4 4 of present tallow invention) 41 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 12.0 11.6 4-5 4-5 42 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 15.0 12.9 4 4 43 (ditto) coconut 1 ditto 1 15.0 13.8 4 4 oil 44 (ditto) rape oil 1 ditto 1 7.0 8.9 4 4 45 (ditto) ditto 1 ditto 1 12.0 11.7 4-5 4-5 46 (conven- adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide 12.8 3-4 3 tional to nonylphenyl ether product) 47 (ditto) adduct of 9 mols of ethylene oxide 11.5 4 3 to oleic acid
Claims (6)
1. A soaping agent comprising a product obtained by adding ethylene oxide to a mixture of a fatty acid triglyceride and a polyhydric alcohol.
2. A soaping agent as set forth in Claim 1 wherein the HLB value of the product is 8 to 14.
3. A soaping agent as set forth in Claim 1 or 2 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is a compound having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups with the proviso that the number of the hydros groups is not greater than the number of carbon atoms.
4. A soaping agent as set forth in Claim 3 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerol.
5. A soaping agent as set forth in any of Claims 1 to 4 wherein the fatty acid triglyceride is a natural oil or fat.
6. A method for soaping fibous dyed articles which comprises dipping and washing the dyed articles in a solution of a soaping agent according to any preceding claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12171179A JPS5645995A (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1979-09-21 | Soaping agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2059975A true GB2059975A (en) | 1981-04-29 |
| GB2059975B GB2059975B (en) | 1983-06-29 |
Family
ID=14817979
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8029289A Expired GB2059975B (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1980-09-10 | Soaping agent and soaping method |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5645995A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8200672A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2059975B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0900875A2 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Fibrous material, production process of the fibrous material, ink-absorbing member, treating process of the ink-absorbing member, ink tank container and ink cartridge |
| WO2017118671A1 (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-13 | Nikwax Limited | Method of dye clearing textiles |
-
1979
- 1979-09-21 JP JP12171179A patent/JPS5645995A/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-09-10 GB GB8029289A patent/GB2059975B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-09-19 ES ES495218A patent/ES8200672A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0900875A2 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Fibrous material, production process of the fibrous material, ink-absorbing member, treating process of the ink-absorbing member, ink tank container and ink cartridge |
| EP0900875A3 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2002-03-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Fibrous material, production process of the fibrous material, ink-absorbing member, treating process of the ink-absorbing member, ink tank container and ink cartridge |
| US6815381B1 (en) | 1997-08-18 | 2004-11-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Fibrous material, production process of the fibrous material, ink-absorbing, treating process of the ink-absorbing member, ink tank container and ink cartridge |
| WO2017118671A1 (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-13 | Nikwax Limited | Method of dye clearing textiles |
| US10533279B2 (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2020-01-14 | Nikwax Limited | Method of dye clearing textiles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6233358B2 (en) | 1987-07-20 |
| ES495218A0 (en) | 1981-10-16 |
| GB2059975B (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| ES8200672A1 (en) | 1981-10-16 |
| JPS5645995A (en) | 1981-04-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20000909 |