GB2057539A - Improvements in clamping elements - Google Patents

Improvements in clamping elements Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2057539A
GB2057539A GB8028998A GB8028998A GB2057539A GB 2057539 A GB2057539 A GB 2057539A GB 8028998 A GB8028998 A GB 8028998A GB 8028998 A GB8028998 A GB 8028998A GB 2057539 A GB2057539 A GB 2057539A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
clamping element
lining
sheet
arch support
arch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB8028998A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Original Assignee
MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB7931195A external-priority patent/GB2058170B/en
Application filed by MARKHAM AND CO Ltd filed Critical MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Priority to GB8028998A priority Critical patent/GB2057539A/en
Publication of GB2057539A publication Critical patent/GB2057539A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

A clamping element (14) has a pair of arms (16, 17) for clamping therebetween a sheet (13) and an arch support (10) in a tunnel or shaft. Abutment means in the form of a nodule 19 engage an edge of a hole in the lining sheet (13) to lock the clamping element in position. An end portion (21) of the clamping element is gripped and pulled to withdraw the clamping element from engagement. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in clamping elements The invention relates to roof support apparatus for tunnels or shafts of the type in which arch supports are spaced regularly along the tunnel or shaft and sheet material, for example corrugated steel sheeting, is support on and secured to the arch supports to form the tunnel or shaft roof.
In the past, the usual method of securing the sheet material in position has been to force a wedge, such as a block of wood, between the sheet material and the rock or ground through which the tunnel or shaft has been cut to force the sheet material against associated arch supports.
Such a method cannot be carried out if the lining is to be erected within a shield or the like. This is undesirable since it means that men and machinery are exposed to possible falls of material from the tunnel or shaft.
According to the invention there is provided a clamping element comprising a pair of arms for clamping therebetween a lining sheet and an arch support in a tunnel or shaft, the lining sheet having at least one hole therethrough and the clamping element further comprising abutment means for engaging an edge of an associated lining sheet hole remote from an associated arch support.
The clamping element may comprise lug means capable of being gripped to remove the clamping element from engagement with a lining sheet and arch support.
Each arm may have a raised portion facing towards the other arm.
By way of example two embodiments of a clamping element according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a sectional view of lining sheets secured to an arch support by a clamping element; Figure 2 is a plan view of the assembly of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a view illustrating engagement of a clamping element with lining sheets; and Figure 4 is a sectional view of lining sheets clamped to an arch support by a second embodiment of a clamping element.
As shown in Figure 1, an arch support 10 for a tunnel or shaft has a web 11 and a peripheral flange 12 extending from the web 1 The flange 12 tapers in thickness from the web 11 to the free edges of the flange. Lining sheets in the form of corrugated steel sheeting 1 3 are secured to the peripheral flange 12 of the arch support 10 by means of clamping elements 14.
In order to allow the sheeting 1 3 to be secured to the arch supports 12 from inside the tunnel or shaft in order that the roof and walls can be built within a shield, each lining sheet 13 is formed with at least one hole 1 5 therethrough. Each hole 1 5 is substantially oval in shape. A hole 1 5 of a lining sheet 13 is aligned with an edge of the peripheral flange 12 of the arch support 10 and a first arm 16 of the clamping element 14 is passed through the hole 1 5, a second arm 1 7 of the clamping element engaging an inwardly facing tapering surface 1 8 of the flange 12.
The clamping element 14 is provided with abutment means in the form of a nodule 19 extending from a shanked portion 20 of the clamping element. The arms 16 and 17 are urged towards the web 11 of the arch support by, for example, striking end portion 21 with a hammer, until the nodule 1 9 passes through the hole 1 5 to engage the edge of the sheet defining the hole 1 5.
In this way, the clamping element 14 is locked in position with the sheet or sheets 1 3 and the flange 12 of the arch support clamped between the two arms 16 and 17 of the clamping element 14. It is presently contemplated that the clamping element will be of steel, although other suitable materials may be used. The clamping element 14 may be removed from engagement by gripping and pulling end portion 21.
Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of a clamping element 14' in position the clamping element 14' is substantially the same as the clamping element 14 of the first embodiment but differs from it in that arms 16' and 17' are provided with raised portions 22' and 23' respectively to provide substantially point contact with a lining sheet 13 and a flange 12 respectively.
In general, two corrugated lining sheets 13 will be secured to an arch support 10 by each clamping element, one lining sheet 13 extending rearwardly of the arch support and one lining sheet extending forwardly of the arch support.
However, there may be a third overlapping sheet where the width of each sheet 13 is such that several sheets are required to extend around the periphery of an arch support. Thus each clamping element 14, 14' must be capable of holding three layers of sheeting to a flange 1 2.
A completed roof support will comprise a plurality of arch supports 10 spaced equally distantly one from another with lining sheets 13 extending between the arch supports and secured to the arch supports by clamping elements 14, 14'.
The advantage of these embodiments of a clamping element for securing a lining sheet to an arch support according to the invention is that the lining sheet is easily secured to the arch support from inside the tunnel, thereby allowing the roof support to be assembled within a shield, instead, as has hitherto been the case, of needing the roof and walls of the tunnel to be exposed in order to wedge the lining sheets between the roof and walls of the tunnel and the arch supports.
1. A clamping element comprising a pair of arms for clamping therebetween a lining sheet and an arch support in a tunnel or shaft, the lining sheet having at least one hole therethrough and the clamping element further comprising abutment means for engaging an edge of an associated lining sheet hole remote from an
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (4)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Improvements in clamping elements The invention relates to roof support apparatus for tunnels or shafts of the type in which arch supports are spaced regularly along the tunnel or shaft and sheet material, for example corrugated steel sheeting, is support on and secured to the arch supports to form the tunnel or shaft roof. In the past, the usual method of securing the sheet material in position has been to force a wedge, such as a block of wood, between the sheet material and the rock or ground through which the tunnel or shaft has been cut to force the sheet material against associated arch supports. Such a method cannot be carried out if the lining is to be erected within a shield or the like. This is undesirable since it means that men and machinery are exposed to possible falls of material from the tunnel or shaft. According to the invention there is provided a clamping element comprising a pair of arms for clamping therebetween a lining sheet and an arch support in a tunnel or shaft, the lining sheet having at least one hole therethrough and the clamping element further comprising abutment means for engaging an edge of an associated lining sheet hole remote from an associated arch support. The clamping element may comprise lug means capable of being gripped to remove the clamping element from engagement with a lining sheet and arch support. Each arm may have a raised portion facing towards the other arm. By way of example two embodiments of a clamping element according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a sectional view of lining sheets secured to an arch support by a clamping element; Figure 2 is a plan view of the assembly of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a view illustrating engagement of a clamping element with lining sheets; and Figure 4 is a sectional view of lining sheets clamped to an arch support by a second embodiment of a clamping element. As shown in Figure 1, an arch support 10 for a tunnel or shaft has a web 11 and a peripheral flange 12 extending from the web 1 The flange 12 tapers in thickness from the web 11 to the free edges of the flange. Lining sheets in the form of corrugated steel sheeting 1 3 are secured to the peripheral flange 12 of the arch support 10 by means of clamping elements 14. In order to allow the sheeting 1 3 to be secured to the arch supports 12 from inside the tunnel or shaft in order that the roof and walls can be built within a shield, each lining sheet 13 is formed with at least one hole 1 5 therethrough. Each hole 1 5 is substantially oval in shape. A hole 1 5 of a lining sheet 13 is aligned with an edge of the peripheral flange 12 of the arch support 10 and a first arm 16 of the clamping element 14 is passed through the hole 1 5, a second arm 1 7 of the clamping element engaging an inwardly facing tapering surface 1 8 of the flange 12. The clamping element 14 is provided with abutment means in the form of a nodule 19 extending from a shanked portion 20 of the clamping element. The arms 16 and 17 are urged towards the web 11 of the arch support by, for example, striking end portion 21 with a hammer, until the nodule 1 9 passes through the hole 1 5 to engage the edge of the sheet defining the hole 1 5. In this way, the clamping element 14 is locked in position with the sheet or sheets 1 3 and the flange 12 of the arch support clamped between the two arms 16 and 17 of the clamping element 14. It is presently contemplated that the clamping element will be of steel, although other suitable materials may be used. The clamping element 14 may be removed from engagement by gripping and pulling end portion 21. Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of a clamping element 14' in position the clamping element 14' is substantially the same as the clamping element 14 of the first embodiment but differs from it in that arms 16' and 17' are provided with raised portions 22' and 23' respectively to provide substantially point contact with a lining sheet 13 and a flange 12 respectively. In general, two corrugated lining sheets 13 will be secured to an arch support 10 by each clamping element, one lining sheet 13 extending rearwardly of the arch support and one lining sheet extending forwardly of the arch support. However, there may be a third overlapping sheet where the width of each sheet 13 is such that several sheets are required to extend around the periphery of an arch support. Thus each clamping element 14, 14' must be capable of holding three layers of sheeting to a flange 1 2. A completed roof support will comprise a plurality of arch supports 10 spaced equally distantly one from another with lining sheets 13 extending between the arch supports and secured to the arch supports by clamping elements 14, 14'. The advantage of these embodiments of a clamping element for securing a lining sheet to an arch support according to the invention is that the lining sheet is easily secured to the arch support from inside the tunnel, thereby allowing the roof support to be assembled within a shield, instead, as has hitherto been the case, of needing the roof and walls of the tunnel to be exposed in order to wedge the lining sheets between the roof and walls of the tunnel and the arch supports. CLAIMS
1. A clamping element comprising a pair of arms for clamping therebetween a lining sheet and an arch support in a tunnel or shaft, the lining sheet having at least one hole therethrough and the clamping element further comprising abutment means for engaging an edge of an associated lining sheet hole remote from an associated arch support.
2. A clamping element as claimed in Claim 1 comprising lug means capable of being gripped to remove the clamping element from engagement with a lining sheet and arch support.
3. A clamping element as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein each arm has a raised portion facing towards the other arm.
4. A clamping element substantially as hereinbefore described with reference and as shown in Figures 1 to 3 or in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
GB8028998A 1979-09-07 1980-09-08 Improvements in clamping elements Withdrawn GB2057539A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8028998A GB2057539A (en) 1979-09-07 1980-09-08 Improvements in clamping elements

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7931195A GB2058170B (en) 1979-09-07 1979-09-07 Roof support apparatus for tunnels or shafts
GB8028998A GB2057539A (en) 1979-09-07 1980-09-08 Improvements in clamping elements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2057539A true GB2057539A (en) 1981-04-01

Family

ID=26272804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8028998A Withdrawn GB2057539A (en) 1979-09-07 1980-09-08 Improvements in clamping elements

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2057539A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2126270A (en) * 1982-08-04 1984-03-21 Pandrol Ltd Clamping sheet material to an elongate support member

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2126270A (en) * 1982-08-04 1984-03-21 Pandrol Ltd Clamping sheet material to an elongate support member

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)