GB2052894A - Battery cable connector - Google Patents

Battery cable connector Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2052894A
GB2052894A GB8019087A GB8019087A GB2052894A GB 2052894 A GB2052894 A GB 2052894A GB 8019087 A GB8019087 A GB 8019087A GB 8019087 A GB8019087 A GB 8019087A GB 2052894 A GB2052894 A GB 2052894A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cavity
terminal
spring
housing
connector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB8019087A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brad Harrison Co
Original Assignee
Brad Harrison Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brad Harrison Co filed Critical Brad Harrison Co
Publication of GB2052894A publication Critical patent/GB2052894A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/42Securing in a demountable manner
    • H01R13/426Securing by a separate resilient retaining piece supported by base or case, e.g. collar or metal contact-retention clip
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02Contact members
    • H01R13/20Pins, blades, or sockets shaped, or provided with separate member, to retain co-operating parts together
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02Contact members
    • H01R13/28Contacts for sliding cooperation with identically-shaped contact, e.g. for hermaphroditic coupling devices

Landscapes

  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Abstract

A connector for battery cables or the like includes a housing (12) formed of insulating material having one or more longitudinally extending terminal receiving cavities (14) each receiving an electrical terminal (18) and a cantilever leaf spring (16). The spring includes a base portion (50) mounted in the cavity and a forwardly extending biasing portion (54) having a part (58) engaged with a contact portion of the terminal to normally prevent withdrawal of the terminal from the housing. The spring includes a forwardly projecting tongue (60) with which the spring may be transversely flexed to free the terminal for easy withdrawal. The base portion of the spring is slidably received in a groove the housing cavity, and includes a resilient locking tang (82) engageable with an opening in the cavity wall to retain the spring in position. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Battery cable connector The present invention relates to electrical connectors and more particularly to improvements in connectors of the type used for battery cable connections in the electric vehicle or batterymotive field.
Battery cable connectors for electrical vehicle use and similar environments typically include a housing formed of insulating material and adapted to mate with a similar but inverted housing of a cooperating similar connector. Such connectors must be sturdy and rugged, convenient to assemble and use, and be capable of reliably handling currents in the range of hundreds of amperes. Battery cable connectors used in the past typically include at least one and normally two terminal receiving cavities extending longitudinally through the connector housing. A terminal having a cable attachment portion and a contact portion is received in each cavity, and a leaf spring supported in the cavity serves to bias the terminal in a transverse direction and to resist withdrawal of the terminal from the cavity.
Difficulties have been encountered with battery cable connectors used in the past. Since the contact portions of the terminals may become damaged or pitted by arcing after a period of use, it may become desirable to remove the terminals from the housing for replacement or repair. With known connectors removal of the terminals is difficult and requires a special tool.
Since the contact biasing spring is used to retain the terminal in the housing cavity, the spring must be mounted securely in the housing. In the past, mounting of the spring has required either complex and expensive forming operations of the spring and/or housing, or has required additional operations to be carried out in the manufacture of the connector, such as staking or deforming the housing to capture the spring. Moreover, in known devices the spring has not been securely held within the housing with the result that the spring together with the live terminal could be inadvertently pulled from the housing by pulling on the cables when the housing is in a heated, softened condition.
Among the important objects of the present invention are to provide an improved electrical connector for battery cable connections or similar connections and which obviates or mitigates the problems and disadvantages experienced with known battery cable connectors.
The present invention is an electrical connector comprising in combination a housing formed of electrically insulating material, a terminal receiving cavity extending longitudinally through said housing, an electrical terminal slidably insertable into said cavity from a rear end of said housing and having a cable connection portion at its rearward end and a contact portion at its forward end, said cavity and said terminal including interengaging structure for guiding insertion of said terminal into said cavity and for preventing forward movement of said terminal beyond an installed position; a cantilever spring having a base portion, securing structure for securing said base portion within said cavity, said spring having a biasing portion normally spaced from the wall of said cavity and extending forward in said cavity from said base portion adjacent said terminal contact portion; the biasing portion of said spring and the contact portion of said terminal having cooperating latching structure for preventing rearward movement of the terminal from said installed position; and said securing structure including groove means in said cavity wall, lateral projections on said spring base portion slidably engageable with said groove means, and resilient retaining means for retaining said base portion in said cavity.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a battery cable connector constructed in accordance with the present invention prior to insertion of the electrical terminals into the connector housing; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the connector of Fig. 1 taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Figure 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 following insertion of an electrical terminal with attached cable into the connector housing; Figure 4 is a sectional view, partly broken away, of the connector taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Figure 5 is a sectional view of the connector taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 2; Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 3; Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 7-7 of Fig. 6; and Figure 8 is a perspective view of the discrete auxiliary electrical connector prior to its assembly with the battery cable connector illustrated in Figs. 1-7.
Having reference now to the drawings, there is illustrated a battery cable connector constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention and designated as a whole by the reference numeral 1 0. The connector 10 is of the type used to interconnect and disconnect the battery pack of an electric vehicle with the vehicle drive system during operation of the vehicle or with a battery charging system during recharging of the battery pack. The connector 10 is adapted to be interconnected in use with an inverted identical or similar connector. Principles of the present invention may, however, be applied to electrical connectors used for purposes other than this specific use.
In general, the connector 10 includes a housing 1 2 having a pair of generally parallel, laterally spaced apart identical terminal receiv ing cavities 14. Each cavity 14 receives a cantilever leaf spring generally designated as 1 6 as well as an electrical terminal generally designated as 1 8. In use, the connector 10 serves to establish an electrical connection between a pair of cables 20 and other cables associated with a similar or identical connec tor coupled to the connector 1 0.
Proceeding now to a more detailed descrip tion of the illustrated embodiment of the in vention, the housing 1 2 is preferably formed as a unitary one-piece body, as by moulding, of a plastics material such as a polycarbonate having the desired characteristics of strength and electrical insulation. The housing 12 in cludes a rear, cable receiving portion 22 and a forward, coupling portion 24, intended to mate with an inverted and similar coupling portion of another electrical connector.
The illustrated connector 10 is a two-pole connector and includes two identical spaced apart side-by-side cavities 14 each extending longitudinally through the housing 1 2. Each cavity 14 is subdivided into a rearward cable receiving segment 26 and a forward contact receiving segment 28 by an intermediate bar rier wall 30. As best seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 5, the barrier wall 30 partially obstructs the cavity 14 and defines a generally rectangular opening 32 between the forward and rear segments 26 and 28 of the cavity 14.
Terminals 1 8 are formed of a relatively rigid and strong electrically conductive metal such as copper, and may be silver plated to reduce contact resistance. Each terminal 1 8 includes a rearward cable attachment structure 34 adapted to be electrically and mechanically fastened to an end of the corresponding cable 20. In the illustrated arrangement, the attachment structure 34 is cylindrical and barrel-like in shape and may be secured to the cable 20 by soldering, crimping or the like. The cable receiving portion 26 of cavity 14 is sized to receive the cable 20 and the cable attachment structure 34, and is of sufficient length to provide ample space between the rearward end of the terminal 1 8 and a rear opening or mouth 36 of the cavity 14.
Extending forwardly from the cable attachment structure 34 of the terminal 1 8 is a terminal contact portion 38. In overall configuration, the contact portion 38 is generally flat and blade-like. When the terminal 1 8 is inserted into the cavity 14 through the rear cavity opening 36, the contact portion 38 is received through the opening 32 and extends into the forward contact receiving portion 28 of the cavity 14. As best illustrated in Fig. 3, the barrier wall 30 is engaged by the cable attachment structure 34 of the terminal 1 8 and serves as a forward stop when the termi nal is fully inserted.
Coupling portion 24 of the housing 1 2 includes a tray structure 40 and a cover structure 42 associated with each cavity 14.
The contact receiving portion 28 of each cavity 1 4 is defined between a tray structure 40 and the cooperating cover structure 42.
Contact portion 38 of each terminal 1 8 includes a rounded contact surface 44 adjacent its forward end. When connector 10 is mated with an inverted similar connector, the tray structure 40 is sandwiched between similar tray and cover structures of the other connector and the contact surface 44 engages a mating and similar contact surface of the other connector with a wiping and overlapping action. Ribs 46 and complementary grooves 48 are provided respectively on the tray structure 40 and cover structure 42 to provide a guiding and an indexing function with similar ribs and grooves of a mating connector.
In order to apply a resilient transverse bias to the terminal contact portion 38, and fo retain the inserted terminal 1 8 within its corresponding cavity 14, the cantilever leaf spring 1 6 is mounted within the cavity.
Spring 1 6 is formed of a suitable spring material such as stainless steel and includes a base portion 50 secured within the cable receiving portion 26 of the cavity 14, an intermediate portion 52 extending above the barrier wall 30 and through the opening 32, and a forwardly extending biasing portion 54 located adjacent the contact portion 38 of the terminal 18.
After assembly of the spring 1 6 and the terminal 18 within housing 12, the biasing portion 54 of the spring applies a transverse resilient biasing force (in the downward direction as illustrated in Fig. 3) to the contact portion 38 of the terminal 18 thereby to bias the contact surface 44 toward a similar surface of the terminal of a cooperating coupled connector.
Retention of the terminal 1 8 is also effected by the spring 16. The contact portion 38 of the terminal 1 8 includes a rearwardly facing step or ledge 56. The biasing portion 54 of the spring 1 6 includes a forward edge or wall 58 which serves not only to apply the transverse bias force to the contact portion 38, but also overlies the step 56 to the end that inadvertent withdrawal of the terminal 1 8 from the cavity 14 is prevented by engagement of the edge 58 with the step 56.
Removal of a terminal 1 8 from the cavity 14 is readily accomplished with the connector 10 of the present invention. For example, it may occur during use of the connector 10 that the contact surface 44 of the terminal 1 8 becomes damaged or pitted due to arcing if the connector 10 is used to make or break a connection under load. Damage to the contact surface 44 can result in an increase in the electrical resistance of a contact made with the terminal 1 8 resulting in further damage to the contact and/or in damage to mating contacts. Consequently, it is desirable to be able to remove terminal 1 8 for replacement or repair.
The spring 1 6 is provided with a forwardly projecting extension or tongue 60 permitting convenient disengagement when desired of the edge 58 from the step 56. The tongue 60 is in the form of an extension of the central portion of the biasing portion 54 of the spring 1 6 and, as best seen in Fig. 3, extending forwardly beyond the forward most end of the terminal 18. The forwardmost end of the tray structure 40 is provided with a front wall 62 and a rearwardly extending wall 64 strengthened by a number of brace walls or struts 66.
The central portion of the rearwardly extending wall 64 in alignment with the tongue 60 is removed to form an access opening 68 permitting ready access to the tongue 60 through the front opening or mouth 70 of the cavity 14. As a result, the biasing portion 54 of the spring 1 6 can easily be flexed in the transverse direction (upwardly as illustrated in Fig. 3) by the insertion of a readily available screwdriver or other tool through the mouth 70 of the cavity and through the access opening 68.
As can be seen in Figs. 2 and 3, the spring biasing portion 54 extends generally in the forward direction and parallel to an outer wall 72 of the tray structure 40. The normal spacing between the biasing portion 54 and the wall 72 is larger than the overlap of the spring edge 58 with the contact step 56 to permit their disengagement. Preferably, the distance between portion 54 and wall 72 is not substantially larger than the overlap so that it provides a stop surface or backup for the spring biasing portion 54.
Insertion and retention of the spring 1 6 is conveniently and reliably accomplished. The base portion 50 of the spring 1 6 is generally flat, and includes transversely extending tabs or projections 74. When the spring 1 6 is inserted into the cavity 1 4 in the forward direction through the rear opening 36, the tabs 74 are received in and guided by a pair of slots 76 defined between projections 78 in the housing wall and a generally flat base wall 80 defining one side of the cable receiving portion 26 of the cavity 1 4.
In order automatically and securely to lock the spring 1 6 in the fully inserted position, the spring base portion 50 is provided with a locking tang 82 which slopes rearwardly and transversely from the generally flat plane of the base portion. The base wail 80 of the housing 1 2 is provided with a transverse recess or opening 84. During insertion of the spring 16, the tang 82 flattens to permit sliding movement of the tabs 74 in the slots 76, and when the fully inserted position is reached, the tang 82 snaps into the recess 84. As a result, insertion and securement of the spring 1 6 is readily accomplished without the use of a complex structure or additional manufacturing operations.
This mounting arrangement achieves substantial retention forces and resistance to pull out of the spring 1 6. This is important because the spring 1 6 is used to secure the terminal 18 within the cavity 14, and substantial forces may be applied to the terminal 18, as by pulling on the cable 20. After installation of the spring 16, the rear edge of the tang 82 is in firm and full abutting relationship with a rear wall 86 of the recess 84 and retention is achieved by the column strength of the spring tang 82 and the column strength of the base wall 80 of the housing 12.
In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the locking recess 84 is formed through the full thickness of the base wall 22 for convenience in moulding. A cover 88 is attached to the housing 1 2 in order to cover the opening 84.
As best seen in Figs. 2 and 3, the base portion 50 of the spring 1 6 may be slightly bowed rather than perfectly flat. The use of the bowed configuration prevents looseness of the spring 16 in the cavity 14, and maintains a fulcrum portion 88 of the spring 1 6 firmly in engagement with the base wall 80.
Problems can arise if terminal 1 8 is misassembled in an upside down position within the cavity 14. The opening 32 defined by the barrier wall 30 and the shape of the contact portion 38 of the terminal are such that the contact portion could be inserted in either the proper illustrated orientation or in a reversed orientation. In the latter case, the step 56 rather than the rounded contact surface 44 of the terminal 1 8 would be presented to the contact portion of a cooperating terminal. If both terminals were misassembled in this fashion, the steps 56 of the two terminals could become engaged with one another so that the terminals would be locked together and difficult or impossible to separate.
Misassembly of the terminal 1 8 in the cavity 14 is prevented with the connector 10 of the present invention. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the flat and blade-like contact portion 38 of the terminal 1 8 extends generally from a diametrical and transverse central plane of the terminal. The cable attachment structure 34 is not symmetrical about this central diametrical plane. On one side, the lower side as illustrated in Fig. 3, and the side opposite to the spring 16, extends further in the forward direction and engages the barrier wall 30 to form a forward stop for the terminal. The opposite side the side interfacing with the spring 1 6-is abbreviated in that it does not extend as far forward.
The intermediate portion 52 of the leaf spring 1 6 is formed to slope or angle away from the base wall 80 as it nears the opening 32. Consequently, as seen in Fig. 3, the upper or adjacent side of the terminal cable attachment structure 34 interfits with the intermediate spring portion 52. If an attempt were made to insert the terminal 1 8 in a misassembled or upside down condition, the opposite side of the cable attachment structure 34 would interfere with the intermediate spring portion 52 well before full insertion could be achieved.A misassembled terminal could not be inserted due to interference of spring portion 52 fully enough to permit the edge 58 of the spring to engage the rounded contact portion 44 with the result that a person assembling the connector 10 would be alerted to the improper orientation of the terminal 1 8.
The battery cable connector 10 of the present invention is associated in combination with a discrete auxiliary electrical connector generally designated as 100 and illustrated in perspective view in Fig. 8. When the connector 10 is coupled with an inverted and similar connector, the auxiliary connector 100 is also coupled to a similar and inverted auxiliary connector carried by the other main connector. Auxiliary connector 100 is smaller in size than the connector 10 and is adapted to carry lower currents. For example, it may be used as a pilot connector to complete connections to a battery charger control circuit or accessories associated with an electrical vehicle.
As best illustrated in Figs. 4, 6 and 7, the housing 1 2 of connector 10 includes a socket 102 integrally formed in the front coupling portion 24 of the housing between the forward contact receiving portions 28 of the cavities 14. The socket 102 is sized for slidably receiving the auxiliary connector 100.
The auxiliary connector 100 includes a discrete housing 104 formed of insulating material and supporting a pair of electrical terminals 106 each electrically and mechanically connected to a wire 108. The rear cable receiving housing portion 22 is provided with a rearwardly extending opening 110 through which the wires 108 extend.
A wall 112 of the socket 102 and a wall 114 of the auxiliary connector housing 104 interface in sliding relation when the connector 100 is inserted into the socket 102. In order conveniently and reliably to secure the auxiliary connector 100 to the connector 10, the wall 11 2 includes a latch opening 11 6. A flexible and resilient integral latch member 11 8 is supported by the wall 114. As the auxiliary connector 100 is moved rearwardly into place, the latch member 11 8 is first calmed downwardly by engagement of a sloping surface 1 20 of the latch with the wall 11 2. When the fully inserted position is reached, the latch member 11 8 snaps into the opening 11 6 to secure the auxiliary connecting housing 104 in position easily and conveniently and without the use of any separate fasteners or the like. In addition, release of the auxiliary connector 100 from the connector 10 when desired is readily accomplished by insertion of a suitable tool into the opening 11 6 and by flexing the latch member 11 8 out of the opening.

Claims (7)

1. An electrical connector comprising in combination a housing formed of electrically insulating material, a terminal receiving cavity extending longitudinally through said housing, an electrical terminal slidably insertable into said cavity from a rear end of said housing and having a cable connection portion at its rearward end and a contact portion at its forward end, said cavity and said terminal including interengaging structure for guiding insertion of said terminal into said cavity and for preventing forward movement of said terminal beyond an installed position; a cantilever spring having a base portion, securing structure for securing said base portion within said cavity, said spring having a biasing portion normally spaced from the wall of said cavity and extending forward in said cavity from said base portion adjacent said terminal contact portion; the biasing portion of said spring and the contact portion of said terminal having cooperating latching structure for preventing rearward movement of the terminal from said installed position; and said securing structure including groove means in said cavity wall, lateral projections on said spring base portion slidably engageable with said groove means, and resilient retaining means for retaining said base portion in said cavity.
2. An electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, said resilient retaining means comprising an opening in said cavity wall and a flexible rearwardly and transversely extending projection of said spring received in said opening.
3. An electrical connector as claimed in claim 2, said groove means comprising opposed grooves in opposed side walls of said cavity adjacent a base wall of the cavity, said opening being in said base wall.
4. An electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, said spring including an extending portion disposed forward of the forward end of said terminal and accessible through the forward end of said cavity.
5. An electrical connector as claimed in claim 4, wherein said extending portion comprises a tongue of reduced width projecting from the central region of said spring.
6. An electrical connector as claimed in claim 4, wherein said latching structure includes a rearwardly directed wall formed on said contact portion normally overlapping a forwardly directed edge formed on said spring.
7. An electrical connector substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawings.
GB8019087A 1979-06-21 1980-06-11 Battery cable connector Withdrawn GB2052894A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5065479A 1979-06-21 1979-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2052894A true GB2052894A (en) 1981-01-28

Family

ID=21966559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8019087A Withdrawn GB2052894A (en) 1979-06-21 1980-06-11 Battery cable connector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS566389A (en)
DE (1) DE3023154A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2459562A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2052894A (en)
IT (1) IT1146131B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2488060A1 (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-02-05 Harrison Brad Co POWER CABIN CONNECTOR WITH RESTRAINT SPRING
EP0657965A2 (en) 1993-12-07 1995-06-14 The Whitaker Corporation Electrical connector having an improved terminal retention means
WO2004059803A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-15 Tyco Electronics Corporation Finger proof power connector

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2923090A1 (en) 2007-10-31 2009-05-01 C & K Components Soc Par Actio MINIATURE ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR WITH EXTRACTIBLE CONTACT ELEMENTS AND ASSOCIATED TOOL FOR UNLOCKING AND EXTRACTING CONTACTS
DE102020134071A1 (en) 2020-12-17 2022-06-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Expansion module for a vehicle, system with an expansion module, and vehicle with a mount for an expansion module

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1440734C3 (en) * 1960-03-25 1973-08-30 Burndy Corp Device for holding a contact member in a connector
US3091746A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-05-28 Albert & J M Anderson Mfg Co Electrical connector
US3218599A (en) * 1963-03-06 1965-11-16 Albert & J M Anderson Mfg Co Electrical connector
US3993394A (en) * 1974-07-31 1976-11-23 Raychem Corporation Connector half having connector wafer retained therein
US4083617A (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-04-11 Brad Harrison Company Electrical connector
US4147400A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-04-03 Amp Incorporated Contact retention device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2488060A1 (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-02-05 Harrison Brad Co POWER CABIN CONNECTOR WITH RESTRAINT SPRING
EP0657965A2 (en) 1993-12-07 1995-06-14 The Whitaker Corporation Electrical connector having an improved terminal retention means
EP0657965A3 (en) * 1993-12-07 1997-06-25 Whitaker Corp Electrical connector having an improved terminal retention means.
WO2004059803A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-15 Tyco Electronics Corporation Finger proof power connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3023154A1 (en) 1981-01-29
FR2459562A1 (en) 1981-01-09
JPS566389A (en) 1981-01-22
IT1146131B (en) 1986-11-12
FR2459562B1 (en) 1985-03-22
IT8048922A0 (en) 1980-06-09

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)