GB2042429A - Improvements in or relating to tyres - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to tyres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2042429A GB2042429A GB8001038A GB8001038A GB2042429A GB 2042429 A GB2042429 A GB 2042429A GB 8001038 A GB8001038 A GB 8001038A GB 8001038 A GB8001038 A GB 8001038A GB 2042429 A GB2042429 A GB 2042429A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- layers
- cords
- belt
- pair
- extension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000531908 Aramides Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
- B60C9/2003—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords
- B60C9/2009—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords comprising plies of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C2200/00—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
- B60C2200/02—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for aircrafts
Abstract
This invention relates to radial- ply tyres having a carcass 10 and crown belt 15 of the kind in which the crown belt comprises two or more superimposed layers 17-20 or pairs of layers in twisted textile cords or aromatic polyamide material arranged in more or less longitudinal directions or slightly inclined with respect to the circumferential direction. According to the invention, the aromatic polyamide cords have extension to breaking which increase from the inner layers or pairs of layers 17, 18 to the outer layers or pair of layers 19, 20 of the belt. The extension to breaking of these cords being between approximately 3 and 12%. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to tyres
The present invention relates to tyres for vehicles intended for travelling at high speeds and under heavy loads so that, in operation, these tyres habitually undergo a considerable flexing.
These conditions are encountered, for example, in the case of airplanes which can travel on the ground at speeds of 300 to 400 km/h and whose tyres undergo crushing of about 32% of the height of the section of the tyres travelling under normal load.
Under these severe conditions of use, the internal heat generated by the rapid flexions brings the tyres to a temperature which is often excessive for the resistance of elastomers and the fabric materials used in tyre manufacture. The designer is therefore constantly faced with the problem of trying to reduce the overheating in service and, for this, to use the most resistant reinforcing materials so as to reduce the thicknesses and sizes of the material generating the heat. Various types and resistances of cables are currently available as reinforcing materials for tyres. Most generally textile cables constituted by filaments assembled by torsion which are either artificial (rayon) or synthetic (polyamides, polyester) are used because of their flexibility, their lightness and a certain springiness permitting them to spread the stresses.But obtention of the resistance necessary for heavy load tyres signifies the superimposition of several layers of materials. There are more resistant cords of mineral origin, such as carbon or glass fibre cords, but their resistance to fatigue is bad or again, steel cords, but these latter lack the flexibility to be suitable for great flexing and they have the major inconvenience of being heavy for airplane tyres where the questions of weight and dynamic mass are clearly important. Finally aromatic polyamide or aramide cords have been tried of course since their appearance on the market, which have the advantage for a low specific weight, of having a much greater resistance than that of the above-mentioned cords. However the results obtained have not been shown to the level of what could be expected from them.For instance, when these aromatic polyamide cords are used for the construction of crown belts for radial-ply airplane tyres by calculating in theoretically sufficient manner the resistance of the belts, sudden breakages of these are often observed during simulated utilisation tests when overloads similar to those which can occur in actual service (for example on rough landing) are applied and which subject the tyre to flexing actions which can lead to a stage of total collapse.
It is an object of the invention therefore to enable the manufacture of tyres with improved performances principally for utilisation at high speed and/or under great stresses producing considerable flexing. A further object is to be able to use cords of aromatic polyamide in these tyres under conditions such that full benefit can be obtained from the exceptional resistance of these cords principally for construction of belts for reinforcing the crown of tyres of the radial-ply carcass type.
Accordingly the invention consists in a tyre having a radial-ply carcass and crown belt, and of the kind in which the crown belt comprises two or more superimposed layers or pairs of layers in twisted textile cords of aromatic polyamide material arranged in more or less longitudinal directions or slightly inclined with respect to the circumferential direction, wherein said aromatic polyamide cords of the successive layers or pairs of layers of the belt have extension rates under load which increase from the inner layers towards the outer layers of the belt, the rates of extension to breaking of the cords being comprised between approximately 3 and 12%.
As elongation rate for the choice of cords, the rates of extension to breakage point of these cords are considered above; but one can also refer (on making the corresponding corrections) to rates of extension to determine weaker loads than the breakage load (modulus of traction) or again, in inverted manner, to loads to be applied to obtain a determined extension on the cables. In this latter case the characteristic loads for extension of the cords of successive layers situated towards the interior up to the layers of the belt decrease from the first following layers situated towards the outside.
Preferably and for economic and convenience reasons twisted cords are used for the successive layers of the belt for tyres in current usage and of identical constitution for all the layers and the properties of extension of these cords are adjusted by submitting them to different processes. A convenient means for this consists in utilising cords of the same construction but having different coefficients of torsion, higher for those of exterior layers than for those of the interior layers to obtain the desired extension yields. The tyres according to the invention thus have a crown belt which is very homogeneous since it is formed with cords of the same material, indeed cords of the same constitution so that the risks inherent in material heterogeneity are avoided.Furthermore, this belt is light and therefore less susceptible to centrifugal forces and the formation of standing waves at very high speeds. In operation of the tyre, this belt is normally submitted to circumferential extension forces resulting from the pressure of inflation and from centrifugal force which tend to increase its diameter whilst diminishing its radius of transverse curve. These extension forces are supported by longitudinal or quasi-longitudinal cords of these successive layers by means of a limited extension. The cords of the interior layers of the belt having lesser extension rates withstanding a relatively greater part of the these forces with respect to the part of the forces which is supported by the cords of the exterior layers at higher rate of extension.However the ratio of the extension rates of the cords of the successive layers being quite low, the result is that the cords of the exterior layers constribute nevertheless largely to the resistance to the said extension forces exerted in total over the entire belt. Over and above these circumferential forces which are due to the pressure and the centrifugal force, the belt is also subjected to very large flexion forces and they are localised at the input and output of the area of contact of the tyre on the grond. At these points the tyre is bent longitudinally with radii of curvature very much less than its normal radius of curvature corresponding to its diameter in the tyre.The neutral flexion fibre of the belt being situated approximately in the centre of the belt thickness (or a little more towards the interior due to the thickness of the carcass on the belt) the result is that, at that these points of great flexion, extension forces, added to those of the inflation pressure, are exerted mainly on the cords of the exterior layers. By using for these exterior layers cords with a higher extension rate, it can be ensured that these localised extension forces are supported more progressively and are better arranged over all the layers of the belt, well before the cords of one or other of these layers have reached their breakage extension.The whole of the belt is thus better protected against extreme extension forces in the localised zones of large flexions and it resists ruptures observed particularly in the case of the tyres in question better which habitually withstand, in service, great sagging and very frequently saggings up to complete collapse between the ground and the rim.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawing which shows a cross-section through one embodiment, by way of example.
In referring to the drawing, specific examples will be described.
Example 1-a plane tyre is made with the dimensions 26 x 6.6 cm, according to the construction shown in transverse section on the attached drawing. This tyre is intended to withstand a normal static load of 4.450 DaN with an inflation pressure of 1 5.5 bars and a sagging or collapse under load of 32% of the height H of its section.
The tyre comprises a radial-ply carcass 10 constituted by two layers of cords 11-12 hooked on each side around wires 1 3 of beads 14 and a reinforcing belt 1 5 extending under a tread 1 6 at a width practically equal to the width L of the tread. This belt is constituted by four layers arranged into two pairs of superimposed layers 17-18 and 19-20 in cords of aromatic polyamide of the same constitution i.e. 1670/1/3 decitex, pointing sub-symmetrically in each pair of layers in the directions for forming angles of 20 degrees approximately to the circumferential direction. The cords are rendered adhesive in the usual manner and calendered with rubber to form continuous layers in which the individual layers of the belt are cut out.The cords used for the first and the second pair of layers situated respectively inside (against the carcass) and outside (on the tread) have the following characteristics:
Cords of the first Cords of the second
pair of layers pair of layers Torsion (turns/meters) 1 7-18 1 9-20 (twisted Er cabling) 200/200 300/300
Resistance to breaking (daN) 73 65
Extension to breaking (%) 4.2 6
Extension under 30 daN (%) 2 4
Load for an extension of 2% (daN) 30 12.5
Example 2a radial-ply airplane tyre is made of the same type as that in Example 1 but with dimensions of 30 X 11.50 - 14, 50 cms intended for a static load of 11,340 daN, an inflation pressure of 1 7 bars and a sagging on flexing under load of 32%. The tyre comprises a radial carcass 10 with two layers similar to 11 -12 and crown belt 1 5 comprising, in this case, six layers arranged in three pairs of layers in which the cords are arranged alternatively in symmetrical directions forming angles of approximately 20 with the longitudinal or circumferential direction. For these layers of the belt 15 aromatic 1670/1/3 decitex, polyamide cords
having the following characteristics, are used:
1 st pair of 2nd pair of 3rd pair of
layers layers layers
Torsion (t/m) 200/200 300/300 400/400
Resistance to breaking (daN) 76 65 55
Extension to breaking (%) 4.2 6 9
Extension under 30 daN (%) 2 4 6.7
Load for extension of 2% daN 30 12.5 6
Other constructions of belts such as those described above can be deduced from these embodiments.For the succeessive layers of the belt, cords of different construction or cords to which different extension rates have been imparted by a mechanical tension process or by a thermal process or by a process combining these operations during a determined time, can mainly be used.
According to another aspect of the invention, additional layers of the belt in other cords, or relatively higher extension rates comprised between 10 and 20% and such as the cables in aliphatic polyamide, can again be associated with the layers of the belt constituted by aromatic polyamide cords having increasing extension rates as described above. This other aspect is illustrated by the following example.
Example 3-A radial-ply airplane tyre of the same type as that in Examples 1 and 2 of dimensions 30 X 11. 50-14. 50 cms is made with a radial carcass 10 with two layers and a belt 1 5 with six layers arranged in three pairs of layers in which the cords are arranged alternatively in symmetrical directions forming angles of 20 . Decitex 1670/1/3 cords are used for these belt layers: : 1 sot pair 2nd pair 3rd pair
of layers of layers of layers
Textile aramide aramide polyamide 6.6
Torsion (t/m) 300/300 400/400 460/420
Resistance to breaking (daN) 65 55 1 5 Extension to breaking (%) 6 9 17
Load for extension of 2% (daN) 12.5 6
Furthermore belts according to the invention can be made following other types of construction known per se such as, for example, belts in which the successive layers or successive pairs of layers are constituted by cords arranged in directions forming increasing angles from the interior layers towards the exterior layers between for example approximately 10% for the lower layers and 30% approximately for the upper layers. Similarly, one or more of the pairs of layers of the belt can each be replaced by folded layers or by layers with edges folded in the longitudinal direction.
Claims (8)
1. A tyre having radial-ply carcass and crown belt, and of the kind in which the crown belt comprises two or more superimposed layers or pairs of layers in twisted textile cords of aromatic polyamide material arranged in more or less longitudinal directions or slightly inclined with respect to the circumferential direction, wherein said aromatic polyamide cords of the successive layers or pairs of layers of the belt have extension rates under load which increase from the inner layers towards the outer layers of the belt, the rates of extension to breaking of the cords being comprised between approximately 3 and 12%.
2. A tyre as claimed in claim 1, wherein the successive layers of the belt are constituted by cords of aromatic polyamide all having the same constitution; said cords having being processed to have different rates of extension.
3. A tyre as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the cords of the layers or pairs of layers of the belt have torsions which increase from the inner layers towards the outer layers of the belt, the torsion rates being comprised between approximately 200 and 400 turns per metre.
4. A tyre as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the belt comprises one or more additional layers of belt cords at higher extension rates comprised between 10 and 20%, these additional loads being disposed above the aromatic polyamide cord layers and under the tread of the tyre.
5. A tyre as claimed in claim 1 and comprising a crown belt constituted by two pairs of superimposed layers constituted by decitex 1 670 x 1 x 3 aromatic polyamide cords arranged in inverted direction in each pair of layers and angles of approximately 20 with respect to the circumferential direction, the course constituting the first pair of layers adjacent to the carcass having a breaking extension comprised between 3 and 5% and the cords constituting the second pair of layers having a breaking extension greater than that of the cords of the first pair of layers and comprised between 5 and 7%.
6. A tyre as claimed in claim 1, comprising a crown belt constituted by three pairs of superimposed layers constituted by cables of decitex 1 670 x 1 X 3 aromatic polyamide arranged in inverted direction in each pair of layers at angles of 20' with respect to the circumferential direction, the cords of the first pair of layers adjacent the carcass having an extension comprised between 3 and 5%, the cords of the second pair of layers having a breaking extension greater than that of the cords of the first pair of layers and comprised between 5 and 7% and cords of the third pair of layers having a breaking extension greater than that of the cords of the second pair of layers and comprised between 7 and 12%.
7. A tyre substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
8. A tyre when made in accordance with any one of the specific Examples herein set forth.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7900829A FR2446193A1 (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1979-01-11 | TIRE, ESPECIALLY FOR AIRPLANES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2042429A true GB2042429A (en) | 1980-09-24 |
| GB2042429B GB2042429B (en) | 1983-02-23 |
Family
ID=9220720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8001038A Expired GB2042429B (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1980-01-11 | Tyres |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3000936A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2446193A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2042429B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1128354B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU82073A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2542673A1 (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-21 | Uniroyal Englebert Gmbh | VEHICLE PNEUMATIC BANDAGE ENVELOPE, COMPRISING A REINFORCING BELT, CONSISTING OF AT LEAST TWO LAYERS OF STEEL FABRIC AND AT LEAST ONE RECOVERY LAYER WITH ELEMENTS THAT SHOULD TAPER WITH THE EFFECT OF HEAT |
| EP0296093A1 (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1988-12-21 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tires |
| AT388137B (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1989-05-10 | Michelin & Cie | TIRES, IN PARTICULAR FOR AIRCRAFT |
| US4832101A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-05-23 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tires |
| US4887655A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1989-12-19 | Bridgestone Corporation | Heavy duty-high pressure pneumatic radial tires |
| EP0407071A2 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-01-09 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | Heavy duty high speed radial tyre |
| EP0415684A2 (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-03-06 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | High speed tyre for heavy load |
| US5036896A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1991-08-06 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire with oriented carcass plies, the plies having aramid filaments |
| US5069262A (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1991-12-03 | Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Motorcycle tire with non-zero degree band radially outward of the breaker |
| US6460587B1 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 2002-10-08 | Compagnie Générale des Etablissements MICHELIN-MICHELIN & Cie | Crown reinforcement for radial tire |
| FR2823698A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-25 | Michelin Soc Tech | Structure of high pressure aircraft tire, includes radial carcass reinforcements made from composite cords containing yarns of differing moduli |
| US6648040B1 (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2003-11-18 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Radial tire for motorcycles and method of making the same |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2499475A1 (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1982-08-13 | Michelin & Cie | Tyres with reinforced heat:shrinkable circumferential plies - tolerate concave tread profile without excessive ply compression |
| GB8501647D0 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1985-02-27 | Sp Tyres Uk Ltd | Motor cycle tyres |
| DE4208859A1 (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-23 | Continental Ag | VEHICLE TIRES |
| DE19506381A1 (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-08-29 | Sp Reifenwerke Gmbh | Pneumatic tyre breaker for light tyres |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT211178B (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1960-09-26 | Pirelli | tire |
| US3643723A (en) * | 1966-03-11 | 1972-02-22 | Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd | Pneumatic tire having a belt member |
| FR2141557B1 (en) * | 1971-06-15 | 1974-03-08 | Michelin & Cie | |
| JPS5244082B2 (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1977-11-04 | ||
| IN144084B (en) * | 1974-12-28 | 1978-03-25 | Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd | |
| IT1054931B (en) * | 1976-01-05 | 1981-11-30 | Pirelli | IMPROVEMENT WITH RADIAL CARCASS TIRES |
-
1979
- 1979-01-11 FR FR7900829A patent/FR2446193A1/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-01-10 LU LU82073A patent/LU82073A1/en unknown
- 1980-01-10 IT IT67030/80A patent/IT1128354B/en active
- 1980-01-11 DE DE19803000936 patent/DE3000936A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-01-11 GB GB8001038A patent/GB2042429B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT388137B (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1989-05-10 | Michelin & Cie | TIRES, IN PARTICULAR FOR AIRCRAFT |
| GB2139575A (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-11-14 | Uniroyal Englebert Gmbh | Radial pneumatic tyre belt cap ply |
| FR2542673A1 (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-21 | Uniroyal Englebert Gmbh | VEHICLE PNEUMATIC BANDAGE ENVELOPE, COMPRISING A REINFORCING BELT, CONSISTING OF AT LEAST TWO LAYERS OF STEEL FABRIC AND AT LEAST ONE RECOVERY LAYER WITH ELEMENTS THAT SHOULD TAPER WITH THE EFFECT OF HEAT |
| US5069262A (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1991-12-03 | Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Motorcycle tire with non-zero degree band radially outward of the breaker |
| US4887655A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1989-12-19 | Bridgestone Corporation | Heavy duty-high pressure pneumatic radial tires |
| EP0296093A1 (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1988-12-21 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tires |
| US4832102A (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1989-05-23 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tires |
| US4832101A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-05-23 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tires |
| US5036896A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1991-08-06 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire with oriented carcass plies, the plies having aramid filaments |
| EP0407071A3 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-04-24 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | Heavy duty high speed radial tyre |
| EP0407071A2 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-01-09 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | Heavy duty high speed radial tyre |
| EP0415684A2 (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-03-06 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | High speed tyre for heavy load |
| EP0415684A3 (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-09-11 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | High speed tyre for heavy load |
| US6460587B1 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 2002-10-08 | Compagnie Générale des Etablissements MICHELIN-MICHELIN & Cie | Crown reinforcement for radial tire |
| US6648040B1 (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2003-11-18 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Radial tire for motorcycles and method of making the same |
| FR2823698A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-25 | Michelin Soc Tech | Structure of high pressure aircraft tire, includes radial carcass reinforcements made from composite cords containing yarns of differing moduli |
| CN100482480C (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2009-04-29 | 米其林技术公司 | Tyre armatures for airplane |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1128354B (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| FR2446193B1 (en) | 1982-06-18 |
| GB2042429B (en) | 1983-02-23 |
| IT8067030A0 (en) | 1980-01-10 |
| FR2446193A1 (en) | 1980-08-08 |
| DE3000936A1 (en) | 1980-07-24 |
| LU82073A1 (en) | 1980-08-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0808730B1 (en) | Pair of high-transverse-curvature tyres for two-wheeled vehicles | |
| GB2042429A (en) | Improvements in or relating to tyres | |
| US4284117A (en) | Steel belted radial ply tires with cap plies employing single yarn reinforcing elements | |
| US6530408B1 (en) | High-transverse-curvature tire, in particular for a two-wheeled vehicle | |
| AU593070B2 (en) | Reinforced composite structure | |
| US8931531B2 (en) | System for non-pneumatic support of a vehicle | |
| US9016336B2 (en) | System for non-pneumatic support of a vehicle | |
| US20150048547A1 (en) | System for non-pneumatic support of a vehicle | |
| US5695578A (en) | Tire with a reinforced belt band of alternating first and second cords | |
| EP0288987B1 (en) | Improvements in the reinforcing armouring of tyres for vehicle wheels | |
| US6554035B1 (en) | Heavy duty pneumatic tire with high elongation steel belt cord | |
| JP5587739B2 (en) | Pneumatic tire | |
| US5863362A (en) | Tire with a specified two-ply steel-aramid belt package | |
| US4172487A (en) | Pneumatic radial tire | |
| US4418735A (en) | Tire, particularly for airplanes, having a crown reinforcement with extensible edges and method of manufacturing same | |
| US3643723A (en) | Pneumatic tire having a belt member | |
| US3500888A (en) | Pneumatic tires and manufacture of the same | |
| US4807681A (en) | Pneumatic radial tires for airplanes | |
| US4733708A (en) | Use of flat wire as a reinforcement in the belt package of a pneumatic tire | |
| US5205882A (en) | Heavy duty high speed radial tire with aromatic polyamide belt cords | |
| US5911675A (en) | Steel cord for reinforcing rubber product and pneumatic tire using such steel cord | |
| JPH08244404A (en) | Cloth ply tire for high speed heavy load | |
| EP0353621A2 (en) | Steel cord ply and tire using the same | |
| US20230271451A1 (en) | System for non-pneumatic support of a vehicle | |
| JPH07156606A (en) | Radial tire for passenger car |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20000110 |