GB2035993A - Refractory Lining Means for Metal Melting Furnaces - Google Patents
Refractory Lining Means for Metal Melting Furnaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2035993A GB2035993A GB7935246A GB7935246A GB2035993A GB 2035993 A GB2035993 A GB 2035993A GB 7935246 A GB7935246 A GB 7935246A GB 7935246 A GB7935246 A GB 7935246A GB 2035993 A GB2035993 A GB 2035993A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- refractory
- mass
- base material
- mass according
- deoxidizing agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011822 basic refractory Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011821 neutral refractory Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 salts) thereof Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0087—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for metallurgical applications
- C04B2111/00887—Ferrous metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
- C04B2235/9676—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts against molten metals such as steel or aluminium
Abstract
A refractory lining mass which has a long service life in view of its resistance to metallurgical erosion contains, in addition to the usual granular base material (e.g. quartzite, mullite), at least one deoxidizing agent for the oxide(s) of the metal (e.g. iron- carbon alloy) to be melted in the furnace. The agent is present in any amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight of the mass and preferably has a maximum grain size equal to that of the granular base material. The mass may also contain refractory fibres of the same or similar composition as the base material, the fibres having a diameter of up to 50 mu m and being present in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the mass.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Refractory Lining Means for Metal Melting Furnaces
The invention relates to a refractory lining mass for metal melting furnaces, e.g. furnaces for melting iron-carbon alloys.
An object of the invention is to provide a refractory lining mass for metal melting furnaces using the usual base material which has a substantially longer service life than the masses of the same base materials usually used for metal melting furnaces.
Proposals for solving this problem have been repeatedly made. Such proposals stem from different, and often contradictory theories regarding the reasons for metallurgical erosion of the lining of metal melting furnaces and, for example, specify a high degree of purity in the quartzite masses employed in particular the absence of alkalis and alkaline earths ("Gieperei", 1968, pages 668-691) or specify a certain quantity of specific impurities such as mica of foldspar ("Gieperei", 1 969, pages 109 to 122 and 245 to 251), whereby it is generally the rule in operation that the sum of all impurities in silica masses should not be greater than 0.2%.Other proposals require the addition of aluminium oxides or rare earths in quantities of 0.1 to 20% of the refractory quartzite masses ("Stahl und Eisen", 1972, pages 144 to 149).
According to the present invention, there is provided a refractory lining mass for a metal melting furnace, which contains besides the base material, a deoxidizing agent for the oxide(s) of the metal to be melted in the furnace, said agent being present in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight of said mass.
For example, silicon or a different deoxidizing agent corresponding to this type of mass, named hereinafter "true to type" deoxidizing agent, e.g. pure silicon, 99 to 95% ferro-silicon or also a master alloy, usual in deoxidizing practice, of a different deoxidizing agent such as zircon or aluminium is added to a refractory silica mass, where the reaction products from the completely ended deoxidizing reactions have a melting point of more than 1 4000C.
In the case of basic or neutral refractory masses these additives logically comprise those metals or metalloids, or the alloys or compounds (e.g. salts) thereof, the oxide compounds of which substantially form the refractory mass. In the case of magnesite or dolomite masses, the "true to type" additive is composed, for example, of magnesium-containing deoxidizing alloys, however in the case of alumina or mullite masses it is composed of, for example, aluminium-containing silicon or ferro-silicon.
These additives indeed enable FeO and MnO-containing slags to be reduced on a penetration into the mass forming the furnace lining and to increase their melting points, but also enable a reduction in the refractory masses to be entirely or substantially avoided. Taking the last condition into consideration, carbon-containing deoxidizing agents and carbides can also be added. Besides such deoxidizing agents, materials can also be added to the refractory mass which are added to the melt in the operation of grey iron foundries as "inoculant", i.e. substances which contain silicon, ferro-silicon, silicon carbide, magnesium, calcium carbonate, zircon, chromium, aluminium individually or in mixtures or alloys.
The specified deoxidizing agents are added to the base materials in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight of the mass.
The refractory base material will normally have a granular structure such as to enable as close a packing as possible.
Preferably, the average grain size of the deoxidizing agents is at the highest equal to the average grain size of the basic material and is most preferably larger than half the average grain size thereof. For example, if the average grain size of the refractory base materials is 1.0 mm before ramming, then the average grain size of the deoxidizing agents to be added should preferably lie between 0.5 and 1.0 mm whereby not more than 1 0% of the particles have a size of less than 0.5 mm. The mixture of the base material and the deoxidizing agents can be treated in the usual way with sintering agents and bonding agents and then be inserted in the furnace. Sintering and the other preparations up to the melting can be carried out in the usual way.
Use of the invention has the advantage that the duration of the life of the mass is increased three to five times. A further advantage of the invention is that considerably less demands concerning the degree of purity need to be made on the refractory base material. The amount of impurities, in particular metal oxides and alkalis and also fluxing agents, can exceed the previous usual maximum limit for these of 0.2% by a multiple, possibly by up to 5%.
It has proved expedient to also add to the refractory mass besides deoxidizing agents according to the invention, refractory, e.g. ceramic, fibres, e.g. mullite, the diameter of which is up to 50 jum, but preferably to less than 10 t4m. A fastening is indeed achieved at the contact points of such fibres with the grains of the base material by being melted, however these bridging elements become breaking points on quick cooling due to their extremely small cross-sections; they thus lead to reducing the tension and on re-heating can strengthen the grain bond again by being melted on. This effect is above all distinct when protoxide compounds, which reduce melting point, are avoided. This is why the inclusion of ceramic fibres is of particular advantage with the simultaneous inclusion of deoxidizing agents.An addition of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of such fibres has proved especially favourable thus far if the proportion of deoxidizing agents is 0.1 to 5% by weight of the mass.
Example 1
A refractory lining mass has a base material of quartzite of silica and the following composition:- 95 parts quartzite or silica granulation:
maximum 0.4 mm
36.8% larger than 0.8 mm
average grain 0.5 mm
4.6 parts 95% by weight FeSi with 2.5% Al 0.3 mm-0.5 mm
granulation
0.4 parts mullite fibres fibre diameter approx. 20 Mm expedient: Sintering aids in accordance with the technical requirements as usual,
e.g. in 0.8-2% boric a'cid anhydride.
Example 2
A refractory lining mass has a base material of mullite and the following composition.
97 parts mullite granulation:
maximum 4.5 mm
36.8% larger than 1.5 mm
average grain 0.8 mm
2.6 parts SiC with approximately 2% Al
granulation: 0.5 mm-0.8 mm
0.4 parts usual commercial mullite, rich in silicic acid fibre diameter
approximately 15,um expedient sintering aids as usual in accordance with the technical requirements.
Claims (10)
1. A refractory lining mass for metal melting furances, containing in addition to the usual granular
base a deoxidizing agent for the oxide(s) of the metal to be melted in the furnace, said deoxidizing
agent being present in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight of said mass.
2. A refractory mass according to claim 1, wherein the average grain size of the deoxidizing agent
is at the highest equal to the average grain size of the base material.
3. A refractory mass according to claim 2, wherein the average grain size of the deoxidizing agent
is greater than half the average grain size of the base material.
4. A refractory mass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the deoxidizing agent has wholly or
partly the form of fibres up to 50 ,um in diameter.
5. A refractory mass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein various deoxidizing agents
are added to said mass either individually or as a mixture or alloy.
6. A refractory mass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the base material contains
more than 0.2% of what are customarily termed impurities.
7. A refractory mass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the deoxidizing agent is
composed of an element or a non-oxide chemical compound of an element, the oxide chemical
compound of which is an essential component of the base material.
8. A refractory mass according to any one of claims 1 to 7 additionally containing 0.1 to 0.5% by
weight refractory fibres having a diameter of up to 50 ym and having the same or a similar chemical
composition as the refractory base material.
9. A refractory mass according to claim 8, wherein said refractory fibres are composed of high
melting oxide or silicate materials other than the refractory base material, but which do not provide any
mixtures with the latter which melt below 14000C.
10. A refractory lining mass for a metal melting furnace, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2845970A DE2845970C2 (en) | 1978-10-21 | 1978-10-21 | Refractory lining compound for metal melting furnaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2035993A true GB2035993A (en) | 1980-06-25 |
| GB2035993B GB2035993B (en) | 1982-11-10 |
Family
ID=6052822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7935246A Expired GB2035993B (en) | 1978-10-21 | 1979-10-10 | Refractory lining means for metal melting furnaces |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5556071A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT375908B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE879516A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2845970C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8100791A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2439172A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2035993B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7926691A0 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7907666A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7908734L (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3908124A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Didier Werke Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILICONE STONES WITH INCREASED RAW DENSITY |
-
1978
- 1978-10-21 DE DE2845970A patent/DE2845970C2/en not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-10-09 ES ES484845A patent/ES8100791A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-10 GB GB7935246A patent/GB2035993B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-17 NL NL7907666A patent/NL7907666A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-19 AT AT0682379A patent/AT375908B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-19 BE BE0/197725A patent/BE879516A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-19 FR FR7926082A patent/FR2439172A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-22 JP JP13534279A patent/JPS5556071A/en active Pending
- 1979-10-22 SE SE7908734A patent/SE7908734L/en unknown
- 1979-10-22 IT IT7926691A patent/IT7926691A0/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7907666A (en) | 1980-04-23 |
| ATA682379A (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| IT7926691A0 (en) | 1979-10-22 |
| ES484845A0 (en) | 1980-12-01 |
| SE7908734L (en) | 1980-04-22 |
| DE2845970C2 (en) | 1980-07-17 |
| AT375908B (en) | 1984-09-25 |
| DE2845970B1 (en) | 1979-11-08 |
| FR2439172A1 (en) | 1980-05-16 |
| BE879516A (en) | 1980-02-15 |
| JPS5556071A (en) | 1980-04-24 |
| ES8100791A1 (en) | 1980-12-01 |
| GB2035993B (en) | 1982-11-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |