GB2030693A - Heat exchanger store - Google Patents

Heat exchanger store Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2030693A
GB2030693A GB7930620A GB7930620A GB2030693A GB 2030693 A GB2030693 A GB 2030693A GB 7930620 A GB7930620 A GB 7930620A GB 7930620 A GB7930620 A GB 7930620A GB 2030693 A GB2030693 A GB 2030693A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
metal
heat exchanger
hydride
wick
store
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7930620A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Publication of GB2030693A publication Critical patent/GB2030693A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0078—Composite solid storage mediums, i.e. coherent or loose mixtures of different solid constituents, chemically or structurally heterogeneous solid masses, coated solids or solids having a chemically modified surface region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Abstract

A heat exchanger store which includes a gas-tight outer container 1 containing a storage mass 2 comprising a support structure of metal fragments such as steel wool, activated with a hydride-forming metal and a powdered hydride- forming metal or alloy, the storage mass having a continuous recess 3 which receives a wick 4 made from metal fragments also activated with a hydride-forming metal or alloy, the wick being surrounded by a gas- permeable sleeve 5. The heat exchange store has application as a gas store for driving internal combustion engines for motor vehicles and overcomes problems inherent in known heat exchanger stores arising from (a) the need for a favourable ratio of weight to the quantity of hydrogen to be taken up and (b) high thermal conductivity in all directions. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Heat exchanger store The present invention relates to a heat exchanger store for storing gaseous hydrogen in the form of metal hydrides, particularly as a gas store for driving internal combustion engines for motor vehicles.
It is known that hydrogen can be used to drive gas engines and that metals, alloys and metal hydrides, particularly those which have a high affinity with hydrogen and take it up in the form of a hydride, are suitable for the satisfactory safe storage of hydrogen.
Thus for example, it is suggested in DE-OS 23 07 1 77 to use ti-Fe hydrides for pressureless hydrogen storage.
We have sought to provide a heat exchanger store for storing gaseous hydrogen which has a favourable ratio of weight to the quantity of hydrogen to be taken up, and wherein there is a high thermal conductivity in all directions.
Accordingly the present invention provides a heat exchanger store for gaseous hydrogen which cornprises a gas-tight outer container, a storage mass located within the outer container and comprising a support structure of metal fragments, activated with a hydride-forming metal, and a powdered, hydride-forming metal or alloy incorporate therein, and the storage mass having a continuous recess which receives a wick made from metal fragments, activated with a hydride-forming metal, or a metal alloy, the wick being surrounded by a sleeve which is permeable to gas.
Preferably, the metal fragments of the support structure and/or wick are metal wool e.g. steel wool or metal chips e.g. steel chips. The hydrideforming metal of the support structure and/or wick is preferably titanium and hydride-forming alloy of the support structure or wick is preferably an alloy of titanium or iron.
Several outer containers may be arranged in parallel several heat exchanger stores with different storage masses may be arranged one behind the other.
With the heat exchanger store of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a size, in terms of weight and volume, which permits safe and economical use even in mobile combustion engines, such as for example in a motor vehicle. The use of titanium-activated steel wool, for example, in accordance with the present invention and in the manner proposed permits a high absorption rate for hydrogen, as it not only acts as a support for the metal powder or metal compounds incorporated therein but also has an improved heat conductivity of the kind required for the exchange of gases.
With the heat exchanger store of the present invention, the type of heat exchange known hitherto is improved and the active storage volume is increased.
When hydrogen is incorporatedforming metal hydrides -- heat is released, as is well known. Conversely, in order to remove the gaseous hydrogen, heat must he supplied to the metal hydride.
The metal wool or chippings used as the support structure are intended, according to the present invention, to improve the conduction of heat from the container wall into the storage mass, and vice versa.
The present invention is further illustrated in the accompanying drawing which shows an embodiment of a heat exchanger store according to the present invention.
In this drawing, gas-tight outer container 1 contains a briquetted storage mass consisting of support structure 2, consisting of metal wool, e.g.
steel wool, activated with a hydride-forming metal such as titanium, in which powdered, hydrideforming metals or alloys such as Ti-Fe are incorporated, the support structure having a central continuous recess 3 in the form of, for example, a bore. Inserted in this recess 3 is a wick 4 made from metal wool again activated with a hydride-forming metal or alloy, this wick 4 being surrounded by a sleeve 5 which is permeable to gas.
Instead of the metal wool, it is also possible to use metal chips activated with hydride-forming metal which are compressed together with powdered, hydride-forming metal or alloy. Unlike the support structure 2, the wick 4 is not compressed or is less compressed, i.e. its porosity is such that the Ti-Fe particles, for example, which are carried along with the emergent gas are caught and recycled into the support structure from the wick when the heat exchanger store is changed.
1. A heat exchanger store for gaseous hydrogen which comprises a gas-tight outer container, a storage mass located within the outer container and comprising a support structure of metal fragments, activated with a hydride-forming metal, and a powdered, hydride-forming metal or alloy incorporated therein, and the storage mass having a continuous recess which receives a wick made from metal fragments activated with a hydride-forming metal, or a metal alloy, the wick being surrounded by a sleeve which is permeable to gas.
2. A heat exchanger store as claimed in Claim 1 , wherein the metal fragments of the support structure and/or wick are metal chips.
3. A heat exchanger store as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the metal wool or metal chips are steel wool or steel chips.
4. A heat exchanger as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydride-forming metal of the support structure and/or wick is titanium.
5. A heat exchanger as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydride forming alloy of the support structure and/or wick is an alloy of titanium and iron.
6. A heat exchanger store as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein several outer containers are
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (9)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Heat exchanger store The present invention relates to a heat exchanger store for storing gaseous hydrogen in the form of metal hydrides, particularly as a gas store for driving internal combustion engines for motor vehicles. It is known that hydrogen can be used to drive gas engines and that metals, alloys and metal hydrides, particularly those which have a high affinity with hydrogen and take it up in the form of a hydride, are suitable for the satisfactory safe storage of hydrogen. Thus for example, it is suggested in DE-OS 23 07 1 77 to use ti-Fe hydrides for pressureless hydrogen storage. We have sought to provide a heat exchanger store for storing gaseous hydrogen which has a favourable ratio of weight to the quantity of hydrogen to be taken up, and wherein there is a high thermal conductivity in all directions. Accordingly the present invention provides a heat exchanger store for gaseous hydrogen which cornprises a gas-tight outer container, a storage mass located within the outer container and comprising a support structure of metal fragments, activated with a hydride-forming metal, and a powdered, hydride-forming metal or alloy incorporate therein, and the storage mass having a continuous recess which receives a wick made from metal fragments, activated with a hydride-forming metal, or a metal alloy, the wick being surrounded by a sleeve which is permeable to gas. Preferably, the metal fragments of the support structure and/or wick are metal wool e.g. steel wool or metal chips e.g. steel chips. The hydrideforming metal of the support structure and/or wick is preferably titanium and hydride-forming alloy of the support structure or wick is preferably an alloy of titanium or iron. Several outer containers may be arranged in parallel several heat exchanger stores with different storage masses may be arranged one behind the other. With the heat exchanger store of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a size, in terms of weight and volume, which permits safe and economical use even in mobile combustion engines, such as for example in a motor vehicle. The use of titanium-activated steel wool, for example, in accordance with the present invention and in the manner proposed permits a high absorption rate for hydrogen, as it not only acts as a support for the metal powder or metal compounds incorporated therein but also has an improved heat conductivity of the kind required for the exchange of gases. With the heat exchanger store of the present invention, the type of heat exchange known hitherto is improved and the active storage volume is increased. When hydrogen is incorporatedforming metal hydrides -- heat is released, as is well known. Conversely, in order to remove the gaseous hydrogen, heat must he supplied to the metal hydride. The metal wool or chippings used as the support structure are intended, according to the present invention, to improve the conduction of heat from the container wall into the storage mass, and vice versa. The present invention is further illustrated in the accompanying drawing which shows an embodiment of a heat exchanger store according to the present invention. In this drawing, gas-tight outer container 1 contains a briquetted storage mass consisting of support structure 2, consisting of metal wool, e.g. steel wool, activated with a hydride-forming metal such as titanium, in which powdered, hydrideforming metals or alloys such as Ti-Fe are incorporated, the support structure having a central continuous recess 3 in the form of, for example, a bore. Inserted in this recess 3 is a wick 4 made from metal wool again activated with a hydride-forming metal or alloy, this wick 4 being surrounded by a sleeve 5 which is permeable to gas. Instead of the metal wool, it is also possible to use metal chips activated with hydride-forming metal which are compressed together with powdered, hydride-forming metal or alloy. Unlike the support structure 2, the wick 4 is not compressed or is less compressed, i.e. its porosity is such that the Ti-Fe particles, for example, which are carried along with the emergent gas are caught and recycled into the support structure from the wick when the heat exchanger store is changed. CLAIMS
1. A heat exchanger store for gaseous hydrogen which comprises a gas-tight outer container, a storage mass located within the outer container and comprising a support structure of metal fragments, activated with a hydride-forming metal, and a powdered, hydride-forming metal or alloy incorporated therein, and the storage mass having a continuous recess which receives a wick made from metal fragments activated with a hydride-forming metal, or a metal alloy, the wick being surrounded by a sleeve which is permeable to gas.
2. A heat exchanger store as claimed in Claim 1 , wherein the metal fragments of the support structure and/or wick are metal chips.
3. A heat exchanger store as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the metal wool or metal chips are steel wool or steel chips.
4. A heat exchanger as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydride-forming metal of the support structure and/or wick is titanium.
5. A heat exchanger as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydride forming alloy of the support structure and/or wick is an alloy of titanium and iron.
6. A heat exchanger store as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein several outer containers are arranged in parallel.
7. A heat exchanger store as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein several heat exchanger stores with different storage masses are arranged one behind the other.
8. A heat exchanger store for gaseous hydrogen substantially as herein described and with reference to the accompanying Drawing.
9. Any novel element, or combination of elements, herein described and/or shown in the accompanying Drawing, irrespective of whether the present claim is within the scope of, or relates to the same invention as, any of the preceding claims.
GB7930620A 1978-09-21 1979-09-04 Heat exchanger store Withdrawn GB2030693A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782841333 DE2841333A1 (en) 1978-09-21 1978-09-21 HEAT EXCHANGER

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2030693A true GB2030693A (en) 1980-04-10

Family

ID=6050184

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7930620A Withdrawn GB2030693A (en) 1978-09-21 1979-09-04 Heat exchanger store

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5544192A (en)
DE (1) DE2841333A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2436933A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2030693A (en)
IT (1) IT1123593B (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4270360A (en) * 1979-03-19 1981-06-02 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Device for storage of hydrogen
EP0053737A2 (en) * 1980-11-13 1982-06-16 Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat pump device
EP0093885A2 (en) * 1982-05-06 1983-11-16 Thyssen Industrie Ag Hydrogen hydride reservoir
GB2122330A (en) * 1982-06-24 1984-01-11 Mannesmann Ag Gas storage
US8051977B2 (en) 2007-06-06 2011-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Hydrogen storage tank

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56109998A (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-31 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Hydrogen storing container
DE3125276C2 (en) * 1981-06-25 1983-06-16 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Metal hydride storage
US4396114A (en) * 1981-09-21 1983-08-02 Mpd Technology Corporation Flexible means for storing and recovering hydrogen

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4270360A (en) * 1979-03-19 1981-06-02 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Device for storage of hydrogen
EP0053737A2 (en) * 1980-11-13 1982-06-16 Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat pump device
EP0053737A3 (en) * 1980-11-13 1982-12-22 Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat pump device
EP0093885A2 (en) * 1982-05-06 1983-11-16 Thyssen Industrie Ag Hydrogen hydride reservoir
EP0093885A3 (en) * 1982-05-06 1985-04-10 Thyssen Industrie Ag Hydrogen hydride reservoir
GB2122330A (en) * 1982-06-24 1984-01-11 Mannesmann Ag Gas storage
US8051977B2 (en) 2007-06-06 2011-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Hydrogen storage tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT7925657A0 (en) 1979-09-12
DE2841333A1 (en) 1980-03-27
IT1123593B (en) 1986-04-30
FR2436933A1 (en) 1980-04-18
JPS5544192A (en) 1980-03-28

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)