GB2029351A - Feeding Plugs of Bulk Material by a Screw - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for the delivery of bulk materials such as domestic waste into the suction pipe 1 of a pneumatic transport installation comprises a vertical pipe 2 with a closing element 4 installed on its lower end. The closing element 4 comprises a cylindrical shell 6 with a coaxially built-in sleeve 7, the inside diameters of which both approach closely the inside diameter of the pipe 2, and a helical band 8 located in the shell 6 in a portion of its length. The pitch of the helical band 8 is close to the diameter of the shell 6 and its width at the end facing the upper-band portion of the shell 6 is equal to the radius of shell 6; the band 8 and sleeve 7 are linked with a reversible drive 5 for joint rotation so that, rotating in one direction, the helical band 8 compacts the bulk material against gate valve 10 in the under-band portion of the shell 6 until said portion is completely filled, while rotating in the opposite direction it forms the face surface of the compacted bulk material for making a briquette which extends wall-to-wall across the shell. After forming the briquette the reversible drive is cut off and the gate valve 10 pulled out, putting the shell 6 in communication with the suction pipe 1. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Devices for Delivery of Bulk Materials Substance of the Invention Disclosure is made of a device for the delivery of bulk materials into the suction pipe of a pneumatic transport installation comprising a vertical pipe designed for charging the bulk material and a closing element installed between said charging pipe and the suction pipe of the installation; said closing element comprises a cylindrical shell with a coaxially built-in sleeve, the inside diameters of both the shell and sleeve approaching the inside diameter of the pipe, and a helical band arranged in said shell on a portion of its length and connected rigidly with said sleeve; said helical band has a pitch approaching the diameter of the shell and a width at its end facing the under-band portion of the shell is equal to the radius of said shell; said sleeve is connected with a reversible drive so that, rotating in one direction, it ensures compaction of the bulk material in the under-band portion of the shell until said portion is completely filled while rotating in the opposite direction it forms the face surface of the compacted bulk material and thus makes a briquette extending wall-to-wall across the shell.

It is expedient that the sleeve should be built into the shell at its end facing the pipe.

Such a layout is the simplest one.

It is likewise expedient that the shell should be made up of two sections and the sleeve should be built-in between them, with the helical band located in the shell section adjoining the pipe.

Such an arrangement of the sleeve and helical band will promote the stability of briquette dimensions.

Besides, it is also expedient that the end of the helical band facing the pipe should be as narrow as possible.

Such a design of the helical band will ensure more effective catching of domestic waste and its delivery into the under-band portion of the band until said portion is completely filled.

The device for the delivery of bulk materials into the suction pipe of a pneumatic transport installation according to the present invention makes it possible to produce briquettes from the bulk materials and convey them through a suction pipe of a comparatively smaller diameter than that in the prior art installation which permits employment of comparatively low velocities of transportation air and, as a consequence, less powerful air blower plants.

The claimed device permits dispensing with the noise in the installation when the briquette is fed into the suction pipe due to a constant presence of the next formed briquette which separates the charging pipe from the suction pipe.

Now the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a side view of the device for the delivery of bulk material according to the invention, diagrammatic; Fig. 2 shows the closing element wherein the sleeve is built-in between said closing element and the charging pipe; Fig. 3-same, showing the helical band whose end facing the charging pipe has a minimum width; Fig. 4 is a view along arrow A in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a view along arrow B in Fig. 3; Fig. 6 illustrates the closing element whose sleeve is built in between the two sections of the shell.

This particular example discloses a device for the delivery of bulk materials constituted by domestic waste.

The device for the delivery of domestic waste into the suction pipe 1 (Fig. 1) of a pneumatic transport installation comprises a vertical pipe 2 designed for charging the domestic waste through a charging hatch 3, and a closing element 4 with a reversible drive 5.

The closing element 4 is located between the pipe 2 and the suction pipe 1 and comprises a cyl;ndrical shell 6 (Fig. 2) with a coaxially built-in sleeve 7 and a helical band 8. The sleeve is located at the upper end (in the drawing) of the shell 6 and is linked kinematically with the reversible drive 5 for being rotated by the latter.

The sleeve 7 is protected by a housing 9. The inside diameters of the sleeve 7 and shell 6 approach closely the inside diameter of the pipe 2.

Cantilevered on the internal surface of the sleeve 7 is a helical band 8 occupying a portion of the length of the shell 6. The other portion of the shell 6 under the band is free and serves for forming a briquette from domestic waste.

The pitch of the helical band 8 is close in value to the diameter of the shell 6. The width of the band 8 at its end facing the pipe 2 is considerably smaller than the radius of the shell 2 while its width at the end facing the briquette-forming portion of the shell 6 is equal to the radius of said shell 6.

This width of the end of the band 8 ensures smoothing out of the face surface of the formed briquette during rotation of the helical band 8 in the reverse direction. Installed between the shell 6 and the suction pipe 1 is a gate valve 10 which covers the suction pipe 1 during the compaction of the first briquette.

The helical band 11 (Figs. 3, 4) at the end facing the pipe 2 has a minimum permissible width for better catching of the domestic waste from the pipe 2. The minimum width of this end of the helical band 11 is selected on the basis of actual technological conditions.

The width of the end of the helical band 11 facing the suction pipe 1 is equal to the radius of the shell as shown in Fig. 5.

In the device dor the delivery of domestic waste illustrated in Fig. 6 the body 1 2 of the closing element 4 is made up of two sections 13 and 14 and the sleeve 7 is located between these sections. The helical band 1 5 is located in the upper section 13 of the shell 12 (in the drawing) so that its free end faces the pipe 2 and has a minimum width whereas the opposite end whose width is equal to the radius of the shell 12 is connected with the sleeve 7 for joint rotation therewith. Such a design of the closing element 4 permits making briquettes with more stable dimensions.

The inside diameter of the suction pipe 1 is somewhat larger than the inside diameter of the shell 6 (12) to provide for easy sliding of the briquette as the latter moves through said pipe, and its shell ensures free movement of the briquette from the suction pipe 1 into the main pipeline 1 6 (Fig. 1).

The device functions as follows.

At the beginning of operation, i.e. during shaping of the first briquette the domestic waste moves through the charging hatch 3 into the pipe 2. Meanwhile, the gate valve 10 is closed. Smail particles of domestic waste move through the sleeve 7 and the helical band 8 of the closing element 4 and are trapped in the free portion of the shell 6 by the gate valve 10 while the larger particles accumulate above the helical band 8 in the pipe 2.

As the amount of domestic waste accumulated above the closing element 4 becomes sufficient for making a briquette, the reversible drive 5 is turned on, the helical band 8 starts rotating and moves the domestic waste from the pipe 2 into the free portion of the shell 6 towards the gate valve 10.

As the domestic waste is being moved by the helical band 8 into the free portion of the shell 6, the end of the helical band 8 located in this portion of the shell 6 compacts the waste until the free portion of the shell 6 becomes completely filled.

Then the drive 5 is reversed and the helical band 8 starts rotating in the opposite direction, thus forming a smooth face surface of the compacted waste and a well-shaped briquette extending wall-to-wall across the shell 6.

After forming the briquette the reversible drive is cut off and the gate valve 10 is pulled out, thus putting the shell 6 in communication with the suction pipe 1.

In the course of compacting the next briquette the preceding briquette extending across the shell 6 serves as a gate valve.

The ready briquette is moved into the suction pipe 1 in the course of making the next briquette for which purpose the reversible drive 5 is turned on after the amount of waste accumulated above the helical band 8 becomes sufficient for making a briquette.

Rotating, the helical band 8 entrains the domestic waste from the pipe 2 and moves it to the face surface of the formerly compacted briquette which moves gradually in the shell 6 towards the suction pipe 1 and offers a certain resistance to the incoming waste, thus ensuring its compaction in the under-band portion of the shell 6.

After the ready briquette has left the shell 6 and entered the suction pipe 1, the reversible drive 5 is switched over to rotate the helical band 8 in the reverse direction for making a smooth face surface of the compacted waste and forming a new briquette which is also held in the shell 6 due to the side thrust.

The minimum possible width of the helical band 11, 1 5 at the end facing the pipe 2 makes for more efficient catching of domestic waste and delivering it into the under-band portion of the shell 6, 12.

The gate valve 10 serves for making only the first briquette because later its function is fulfilled by the preceding briquettes which close the shell 6, 12 constantly and tightly, thus separating the pipe 2 from the operating suction pipe 1 which prevents penetration of aerodynamic noises from the suction pipe 1 into the pipe 2.

The device for the delivery of domestic waste illustrated in Fig. 6 functions similarly to that described above.

The device for the delivery of domestic waste accordinq to the present invention is adapted for briquetting domestic waste whose fractions can reach the dimensions approaching the diameter of the charging pipe and rules out the hang-up of the waste above the helical band.

In describing the present embodiment of the invention the terms in their narrow sense are used for the sake of lucidity. However, the invention is not confined to the narrow sense of the terms used and it will be understood that each of said terms embraces all the equivalent elements functioning similarly and employed for the same purposes.

Claims (5)

Claims

1. A device for the delivery of bulk materials into the suction pipe of a pneumatic transport installation comprising a vertical pipe intended for charging the bulk material, and a closing element installed between said pipe and the suction pipe of the installation; said closing element comprises a cylindrical shell with a coaxially built-in sleeve, the inside diameter of both the shell and sleeve approaching closely the inside diameter of the pipe, and a helical band located in said shell on a section of its length and rigidly connected with said sleeve; said sleeve whose pitch is close in size to the diameter of the shell and whose width at the end facing the under-band portion of the shell is equal to the radius of said shell; said sleeve connected with the helical band is kinematically linked with a reversible drive which, during rotation in one direction, ensures compaction of the bulk material in the under-band portion of the shell until it becomes completely filled while during rotation in the opposite direction it forms the face surface of the compacted bulk material to make a briquette which extends wall-to-wall across the shell.

2. A device according to Claim 1 wherein the sleeve is built into the shell at its end facing the pipe.

3. A device according to Claim 1 wherein the shell is made up of two detachable sections, the sleeve is built in between said sections and the helical band is located in the section of the shell adjoining the pipe.

4. A device according to Claim 1 wherein the helical band has a minimum permissible width at.

the end facing the pipe.

5. A device for the delivery of bulk materials realized substantially as disclosed in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings.