GB2028133A

GB2028133A - Hair rinses

Info

Publication number: GB2028133A
Application number: GB7927626A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Kao Corp; Kao Soap Co Ltd
Current assignee: Kao Corp
Priority date: 1978-08-15
Filing date: 1979-08-08
Publication date: 1980-03-05
Also published as: ATA546179A; GB2028133B; FR2433338B1; PH15616A; JPS5527134A; CH642254A5; DE2932989A1; FR2433338A1

Abstract

A hair rinse composition having improved properties comprises as a first component at least one anionic surface active agent in the form of a phosphate of the general formula (I): <IMAGE> wherein A represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or a aliphatic acid monoamido group, each having 10-18 carbon atoms, M represents the group <IMAGE> (in which each R independently represents hydrogen or a methyl group, and m is zero or an integer in the range of 1 to 6 inclusive), Y represents hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkyl-substituted ammonium radical, or a hydroalkyl-substituted ammonium radical, and B represents either the A-M- group or Y, and as a second component at least one quarternary ammonium salt of the general formula (II); <IMAGE> wherein one or two of the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 is or are independently selected from the group consisting of long-chain alkyl groups and long-chain hydroxyalkyl groups having 8-20 carbon atoms, the others of the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent an alkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, a benzyl group or a polyoxyethylene group having a total number of moles of addition of up to 10, and X represents a halogen atom or an alkylsulfate group having 1-2 carbon atoms.

Description

SPECIFICATION Hair rinse composition This invention relates to hair rinse compositions, and more particularly, to an improved hair rinse composition comprising a quaternary ammonium salt and an anionic phosphate surface active agent.

It is nowadays a common practice to eliminate or at least reduce any adverse effects which may result from washing of the hair with soaps or shampoos by subsequent rinsing of the washed hair with a suitable rinsing agent. Typical of such rinsing agents are those using quaternary ammonium salts, such as distearyldimethylammonium chloride. The hair rinsing agent is used to impart flexibility, smoothness and antistaticity to the hair. However, using such quaternary ammonium salts alone does not produce a satisfactory effect as regards flexibility and smoothness.

In order to overcome these disadvantages, known hair rinsing agents are usually blended with a fat or oil, such as a higher alcohol, a glyceride or liquid paraffin. The hair rinse compositions which have heretofore been considered most suitable are a combination of a suitable fat or oil and quaternary ammonium salt in the form of an emulsion or dispersion. Since, however, the quaternary ammonium salt itself is not capable of emulsifying or dispersing such large amounts of an oil or fat as are required to produce satisfactory results to give a stable product, attempts have been made to stabilise the emulsion or dispersion by the addition of a highly hydrophilic nonionic surface-active agent. Such hydrophilic non ionic surface-active agents would, however, significantly reduce the rinsing effect.Hair rinse compositions comprising a quaternary ammonium salt and a fat or oil admixed with a highly hydrophilic nonionic surface active agent are therefore unsatisfactory.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a hair rinse composition which overcomes the above noted disadvantages of the hitherto known compositions.

It is another object of the invention to provide a hair rinse composition which exhibits an excellent rinsing effect and which does not use an oil or fat, or a highly hydrophilic nonionic surface active agent.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a hair rinse composition which will impart excellent flexibility and smoothness to the hair.

According to the invention, a hair rinse composition comprises as a first component at least one anionic surface-active agent in the form of a phosphate of the general formula (I):-

wherein A represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or an aliphatic acid monoamido group, each having 10-18 carbon atoms; M represents the group:

(in which each R independently represents hydrogen or a methyl group, and m is zero or an integer in the range of 1-5 inclusive);Y represents hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkylsubstituted ammonium radical or a hydroxyalkyl-substituted ammonium radical; and B represents either the A-M- group or Y; and as a second component, at least óne quarternary ammonium salt of the general formula (I I)::-

wherein either one or two of the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 is or are independently selected from the group consisting of long-chain alkyl groups and long-chain hydroxyalkyl groups having 8-20 carbon atoms, the others of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent an alkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, a benzyl group or a polyoxyethylene group having a total number of moles of addition of up to 10, and X represents a halogen atom or an alkyl-sulfate group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms.

Anionic phosphate surface active agents of the general formula (I) which can be used in the present invention include, for example, polyoxyethylene (n = 3) isostearyl-phosphoric acid and its sodium salt, oleylphosphoric acid and its trimethanolamine salt, coconut fatty acid monoethanoiamidoethyl polyoxyethylene (n = 2)- phosphoric acid and its sodium salt, polyoxyethylene (n = 3)- laurylphosphoric acid and its sodium salt, polyoxypropylene-(m = 2) laurylphosphoric acid and its triethanolamine salt, polyoxyethylene (n = 2) polyoxypropylene (m = 2) laurylphosphoric acid and its sodium salt, and di[polyoxyethylene (n = 3) lauryl]-phosphoric acid and its triethanolamine salt. These agents may be used singly or in combination and in amounts of 0.1-20% by wt., preferably 0.5-5% by wt., of the total amount of the hair rinse composition.

Suitable examples of the quaternary ammonium salts of the formula (II) include distearyldimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, N-stearyl-N,N, n-tri(polyoxye- thylene) ammonium chloride, cetyltriethylammonium bromide and stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. These ammonium salts may also be used singly or in combination and in amounts of 0.1-20% by wt., preferably 0.5-5% by wt., of the total amount of the hair rinse composition.

The nonionic surface active agents and the quaternary ammonium salts may be used in any combinations, but preferred combinations include, for example, those of distearyldimethylammonium chloride and monostearyltrimethylammonium chloride as the ammonium salts and oleylphosphoric acid as the surfactant, and of stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and sodium polyoxyethylene (n = 3) laurylphosphate.

The hair rinse composition of the invention can readily be prepared by mixing the anionic phosphate surface-active agent of the formula (I) with the quaternary ammonium salt (11) and then dissolving or dispersing the mixture in a suitable solvent, such as water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or glycerine. When the solution is made to a concentration of 5%, its pH should be adjusted to 3-8 as in the case of ordinary hair rinsing agents. For this purpose, organic acids, such as citric acid and lactic acid, inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid, inorganic alkalis such as caustic soda and organic alkalis such as triethanolamine, may be used.If necessary, various kinds of additives may be employed, including an oil or fat, such as a higher fatty alcohol, hydrous lanolin, an ester, liquid paraffin, a higher fatty acid, or a silicone oil; a bactericide; and a perfume, in suitable amounts.

The present invention is illustrated by the following Examples:- Example 1 Two hair rinse solutions were prepared by dissolving 10 g of each of the test compositions A and B described below in 500 ml of water. Two tresses or bundles of hair bound together and washed with a commercially available shampoo, each tress being 20 cm in length and 20 g in weight, were immersed in each of the test solutions for 30 seconds. Thereafter, the tresses were washed in running water for 30 seconds and wiped with a towel. For purposes of comparison, one of the wet tresses was used as it was for estimation, whereas the other was dried by being allowed to stand for 1 2 hours at room temperature.

The test hair rinse compositions A and B were formulated as follows: A B Distearyldimethylammonium chloride 2.0% 2.0% Monostearyltrimethylammonium chloride 0.5% 0.5% Isostearyl alcohol 0.3% 0.3% Oleylphosphoric acid - 1.5% Water balance balance pH (5% solution) 5.0 5.0 A: Control B: Present composition All percentages by weight.

An estimation of the final rinsing qualities of the test compositions was conducted as follows: (1) Wet and supple touch: This quality was adjudged by ten female panelists who actually touched each of the treated tresses with their own fingers.

(2) Combing ability: This quality was determined by the stresses applied to each tress hung on a strain gauge when combed at a speed of one stroke per second.

(3) Hair flying: The tresses after being tested for combing ability were further allowed to stand for 24 hours in a chamber having an ambient temperature of 25"C and a relative humidity of 25%. Each of the tresses was then brushed with a nylon hair brush, and at this time the degree of hair flying was observed. In reporting this property, the symbol ois negative, while x is positive.

The results of these tests are given in Table 1 below: Table 1 Wet Dry Estimation A B A B Wet and supple touch (persons) 0 10 2 8 Combing strength (g) 98.3 52.8 124.4 71.1 Hair flying - - x O It will be noted that the hair rinse composition (Formulation B) according to the invention owes its advantages in respect of the touch as well as other physical properties to the addition of oleylphosphoric acid to the known hair rinse composition (Formulation A).

Example II Final rinsing qualities of each hair rinse composition described below were estimated by the same test methods.

The results obtained are shown in Table II.

The test compositions were formulated as follows: C D Stearyldimethylbenzylammonium 2.5% 2.5% chloride Sodium polyoxyethylene (n = 3)laurylphosphate - 1.0% Cotton seed oil 0.5% 0.5% Water balance balance pH (5% solution) 4.5 4.5 C: Control D: Present composition All percentages by weight Table 2 Wet Dry C D C D Wet and supple touch (persons) 1 9 2 8 Combing strength (g) 75.1 43.8 87.6 51.7 Hair flying - - x O It will be noted that the hair rinse composition (Formulation D) of the invention owes its advantages in respect of the touch as well as other physical characteristics to the addition of sodium polyoxethylene (n = 3) laurylphosphate to the known hair rinse composition (Formulation C).

Claims

1. A hair rinse composition comprising as a first component at least one anionic surface active agent in the form of a phosphate of the general formula (I):

wherein A represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or a aliphatic acid monoamido group, each having 10-18 carbon atoms, M represents the group

(in which each R independently represents hydrogen or a methyl group, and m is zero or an integer in the range of 1 to 6 inclusive), Y represents hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkylsubstituted ammonium radical, or a hydroalkyl-substituted ammonium radical, and B represents either the A-M- group or Y, and as a second component at least one quaternary ammonium salt of the general formula (III);;

wherein one or two of the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 is or are independently selected from the group consisting of long-chain alkyl groups and long-chain hydroxyalkyl groups having 8-20 carbon atoms, the others of the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent an alkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, a benzyl group or a polyoxyethylene group having a total number of moles of addition of up to 10, and X represents a halogen atom or an alkylsulfate group having 1-2 carbon atoms.

2. A hair rinse composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein each of said first and second components is present in an amount of 0.1-20% by wt. of the composition.

3. A hair rinse composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said first component is present in an amount of 0.5-5% by wt. of the composition.

4. A hair rinse composition as claimed in Claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Example 1 or Example II.