GB2027689A - Method of Forming Metal Oxide Film on Glass Tubing - Google Patents
Method of Forming Metal Oxide Film on Glass Tubing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2027689A GB2027689A GB7927288A GB7927288A GB2027689A GB 2027689 A GB2027689 A GB 2027689A GB 7927288 A GB7927288 A GB 7927288A GB 7927288 A GB7927288 A GB 7927288A GB 2027689 A GB2027689 A GB 2027689A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- bag
- metal compound
- oxidizing agent
- tubing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical group O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
- C03B17/02—Forming molten glass coated with coloured layers; Forming molten glass of different compositions or layers; Forming molten glass comprising reinforcements or inserts
- C03B17/025—Tubes or rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
- C03B17/04—Forming tubes or rods by drawing from stationary or rotating tools or from forming nozzles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
- C03C17/245—Oxides by deposition from the vapour phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
- C23C16/045—Coating cavities or hollow spaces, e.g. interior of tubes; Infiltration of porous substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
- H01J61/35—Vessels; Containers provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/229—Non-specific enumeration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
- C03C2218/152—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by cvd
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Formation Of Various Coating Films On Cathode Ray Tubes And Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
A metal oxide film is formed on the inner surface of glass tubing by dispensing into the tubing at the hot draw stage a vapourized metal compound and an oxidizing agent which react to form the metal oxide film on the soft glass. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method of Forming Metal Oxide Film on Glass
Tubing
This invention is concerned with the deposition of metal oxide films on the inner surface of glass tubing to be used, for example, in the manufacture of fluorescent lamps. Examples of such films are shown in U.S. Patents Nos.
4,058,639, 4,020,385, 3,987,331, 3,676,729, 3,379,917 and 3,205,394, which disclose the oxides of aluminium, tin, zirconium, indium, titanium and silicon, respectively.
In the past, such films were formed on the glass after it had been drawn into tubing and cut to fluorescent lamp lengths. In this invention, metal oxide films are deposited on the glass as it is being drawn into tubing. A vapourized compound of the metal is injected into the soft glass bag at the draw and in the presence of an oxidizing agent. The metal compound reacts with the oxidizing agent to form a metal oxide film on the glass.
The drawing is a diagrammatic representation of apparatus that can be used to practice the invention.
As shown in the drawing, a tank 1 contains molten glass 2 which is drawn down around mandrel 3 to form a bag 4 of softened glass which is drawn by tractor 5 to form tubing 6. This process is known and is shown, for example, in
U.S. Patent No. 2,009,793. A container 7 contains a metal compound the vapours of which are carried by line 8 into tube 9. Tube 9 is disposed within mandrel 3, and the bottom of tube 9 projects into bag 4.
The metal compound is maintained in container 7 at or above its boiling point so that the metal compound is transported in gaseous form through line 8 and tube 9 into bag 4. For example, if the desired metal oxide film is tin oxide, the metal compound could be tin tetrachloride, and container 7 would be maintained at or above 11 40C, the boiling point of the tin tetrachloride. In the case of a desired titanium oxide film titanium tetrachloride, the boiling point of which is about 1 360C, could be used.
It is necessary that an oxidizing agent be present in bag 4 in order to react with the metal compound and form the desired metal oxide on the glass surface. In the usual case, the oxidizing agent would be air, which is drawn in through inlet 10 and blown down around tube 9 within mandrel 3 and out into bag 4 in order to shape the softened glass into the desired tubular configuration.
The metal compound, for example, indium chloride, could be maintained in container 7 in liquid form but below its boiling point, and could be transported into bag 4 by bubbling a carrier gas, for example, air, through the liquid and into line 8. In such a case, the air could also serve as the oxidizing agent in bag 4.
Line 8 and tube 9 should be maintained at a high enough temperature, for example, by wrapping heating tapes therearound, to prevent condensation of the vapourized metal compound therein.
In the case where a carrier gas bubbled through container 7 also serves as the oxidizing agent, the temperature in line 8 and tube 9 should be below that temperature at which the reaction between the metal compound and the oxidizing agent will 6ccur. For proper operation, said reaction should occur in bag 4, where the temperature of the glass is about 800 to 9800C.
Claims
1. A method of depositing a metal oxide film on the inner surface of glass tubing comprising the steps of: drawing hot glass from a glass melt through a bag stage, where the glass is above its softening temperature, and into the shape of tubing; and dispensing into the hot bag a vapourized metal compound and an oxidizing agent which will react with the metal compound to form an oxide of the metal on the inner surface of the soft glass.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the temperature of the glass bag is about 8000 to 9800C.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is air.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the metal compound is less than the softening temperature of the glass.
5. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the vapourized metal compound is dispensed into the hot bag through a tube within a mandrel which extends through the glass melt.
6. A method of depositing a metal oxide on the inner surface of glass tubing, substantially as described herein.
7. The features as herein described, or their equivalents, in any novel selection.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (7)
1. A method of depositing a metal oxide film on the inner surface of glass tubing comprising the steps of: drawing hot glass from a glass melt through a bag stage, where the glass is above its softening temperature, and into the shape of tubing; and dispensing into the hot bag a vapourized metal compound and an oxidizing agent which will react with the metal compound to form an oxide of the metal on the inner surface of the soft glass.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the temperature of the glass bag is about 8000 to 9800C.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is air.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the metal compound is less than the softening temperature of the glass.
5. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the vapourized metal compound is dispensed into the hot bag through a tube within a mandrel which extends through the glass melt.
6. A method of depositing a metal oxide on the inner surface of glass tubing, substantially as described herein.
7. The features as herein described, or their equivalents, in any novel selection.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US93133178A | 1978-08-07 | 1978-08-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2027689A true GB2027689A (en) | 1980-02-27 |
Family
ID=25460616
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7927288A Withdrawn GB2027689A (en) | 1978-08-07 | 1979-08-06 | Method of Forming Metal Oxide Film on Glass Tubing |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5523099A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE878089A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7902379A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2928980A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2027689A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1122414B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX152523A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7906006A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0442704A2 (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-08-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Metal halide lamp and method of making the same |
| EP0501562A1 (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1992-09-02 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of manufacturing tube glass |
| EP1084996A1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-03-21 | SCHOTT ROHRGLAS GmbH | Process and apparatus for the fabrication of glass tubes with inner coatings and their use |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19707819B4 (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 2004-04-22 | Elan Schaltelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg | Circuit arrangement with safety function |
| DE102014019238A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Hochschule München | Coating of the inner wall of tubular substrates |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS476044U (en) * | 1971-02-12 | 1972-09-20 | ||
| DE2330158C2 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-02-27 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen |
-
1979
- 1979-04-19 BR BR7902379A patent/BR7902379A/en unknown
- 1979-07-18 DE DE19792928980 patent/DE2928980A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-08-03 IT IT24907/79A patent/IT1122414B/en active
- 1979-08-03 MX MX178765A patent/MX152523A/en unknown
- 1979-08-06 JP JP9951679A patent/JPS5523099A/en active Granted
- 1979-08-06 NL NL7906006A patent/NL7906006A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-08-06 GB GB7927288A patent/GB2027689A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-08-06 BE BE2/57996A patent/BE878089A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0442704A2 (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-08-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Metal halide lamp and method of making the same |
| EP0442704A3 (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1992-04-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Metal halide lamp and method of making the same |
| EP0501562A1 (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1992-09-02 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of manufacturing tube glass |
| US5213599A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1993-05-25 | U.S. Philips Corp. | Method of manufacturing tube glass |
| EP1084996A1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-03-21 | SCHOTT ROHRGLAS GmbH | Process and apparatus for the fabrication of glass tubes with inner coatings and their use |
| US6595029B1 (en) | 1999-09-15 | 2003-07-22 | Schott Spezialglas Gmbh | Process for devices for the production of internally-hardened glass tubes as well as their use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE878089A (en) | 1979-12-03 |
| DE2928980A1 (en) | 1980-02-21 |
| IT1122414B (en) | 1986-04-23 |
| JPS629542B2 (en) | 1987-02-28 |
| BR7902379A (en) | 1980-10-07 |
| JPS5523099A (en) | 1980-02-19 |
| NL7906006A (en) | 1980-02-11 |
| IT7924907A0 (en) | 1979-08-03 |
| MX152523A (en) | 1985-08-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |