GB2027445A - Aqueous lubricant compositions for machinery - Google Patents

Aqueous lubricant compositions for machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2027445A
GB2027445A GB7925610A GB7925610A GB2027445A GB 2027445 A GB2027445 A GB 2027445A GB 7925610 A GB7925610 A GB 7925610A GB 7925610 A GB7925610 A GB 7925610A GB 2027445 A GB2027445 A GB 2027445A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
lubricant
water
inhibitor
machinery
triethanolamine
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GB7925610A
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ULTRAGLIDE Ltd
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ULTRAGLIDE Ltd
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Priority to GB7925610A priority Critical patent/GB2027445A/en
Publication of GB2027445A publication Critical patent/GB2027445A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
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    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/02—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained from monomers containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/18—Containing nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds, e.g. hydrazine
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
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    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
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    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
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    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

A lubricant for machinery comprises in admixture, water as a major constituent, a pour-point depressant in an amount of up to 15% and a corrosion inhibitor in an amount of 25%. The corrosion inhibitor may be selected from triethanolamine, phosphoric acid, benzotriazole, sodium borate, hydrazine hydrate and a hydraulic concentrate. A suitable hydraulic concentrate contains:- sodium nitrate 3% sodium acetate 3% triethanolamine 2.8% heavy metal akyl sulphonates 8% silicone based foam inhibitor 0.2% water hardness inhibitor 0.2% Polyhydric alcohols C2-C15 are useful pour-point depressants. Further an additive for admixture with water to form a lubricant comprises monoethylene glycol and any of the above corrosion inhibitors.

Description

SPECIFICATION A lubricating system This invention relates to the lubrication of machinery especially stationary and automotive engines.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cheap and effective method of and lubricant for such lubrication.
Water is incompressible, it is heat and oxidation stable, it has a high thermal capacity and hence is a good coolant. In addition, it is non-inflamable. The main problems associated with its use in engine lubrication are these of chemical attack by oxidative processes on metal surfaces.
However, it is now discovered that water can be suitably treated to enhance properties which favour its use as an engine lubricant and inhibit its one unfavourable property i.e. chemical reaction. This is widely different from the normal approach which regards water as a troublesome contaminant or at best a marginally useful diluent for soluble mineral oils.
According to the present invention there is provided a lubricant for machinery comprising in admixture, water as a major constituent, a pour-point depressant in an amount of up to 15%, and a corrosion inhibitor in an amount of up to 25%.
The corrosion inhibitor may be selected from triethanolamine, phosphoric acid, benzotriazole, sodium borate, hydrazine hydrate and a hydraulic concentrate.
The hydraulic concentrate preferably contains sodium nitrate 3% sodium acetate 3% triethanolamine 2.8% heavy metal alkyl sulphonates 8% silicone based foam inhibitor 0.2% water hardness inhibitor 0.2% Suitable pour-point depressants are ethylene glycol and other polyhydric alcohols from C2-C15; with these it is possible to achieve a pour-point of less than - 5"C.
Advantageously hydrazine hydrate in an amount of 10% is used to achieve a freezing point of - 11"C in addition to acting as an anit-corrosion and lubricity enhancing agent.
Preferably also a viscosity modifier selected from cellulose derivatives, xanithin gums and alginates is present in the mixture. Most preferably 2% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is present in the mixture to modify the viscosity of the lubricant.
Further according to the present invention there is provided a method of lubricating machinery comprising supplying to the machinery a lubricant comprising water as a major constituent.
Still further according to the present invention there is provided an additive for admixture with water to form a lubricant for machinery comprising in admixture: (a) monoethylene glycol and (b) a corrosion inhibitor.
Preferably the inhibitor is selected from triethanolamine, phosphoric acid, benzotriazole, sodium borate, hydrazine hydrate and a hydraulic concentrate.
Preferably also the hydraulic concentrate consists of: sodium nitrate 3% sodium acetate 3% triethanolamine 2.8% heavy metal alkyl sulphonates 8% foam inhibitor (silicone based) 0.2% water hardness inhibitor 0.2% Most preferably the additive contains 45% ethylene glycol.
It has been found in tests that the use of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (S.C.M.C.) in 2% solution produces an enhanced viscosity and a better lubricity test.
Many other thickeners give similar viscosity enhancement, and an xanthin gum is also a useful thickener with visco-elastic properties.
Using a Seta Plint High Speed 4 Ball Test Machine (I.P. Method No. 300/78), the following results have been obtained: Lubricant Tested By Seta Plint Machine 50% Fail Time Motor Oil 20W/50 5m 20 secs Mineral oil hydraulic (high pressure) 7m 30 secs Silicone fluid (Dimethylsilicone) 4m 40 secs Phosphate Ester Fluid 6m 45 secs Water containing corrosion inhibitor 6m 30 secs Water containing corrosion inhibitor with hydrazine hydrate 10% 14m 10 secs Water + corrosion inhibitors + 2% S.C.M.C. 8m 20 secs The corrosion inhibitors used initially were: triethanolamine 1.45% phosphoric acid 0.55% benzotriazole 0.1 % sodium borate 3.00% The addition of 10% hydrazine hydrate in addition to giving better lubricity figures lowered the freezing point to - 11 'C. That is, in addition, it acted as a pour-point depressant.
The stability of various additives in water for extreme pressure and anti-wear effects has been tested with the following results: Mix Ratio Lubricity Film Strength Product Water/Fluid Coefficient in p.s.i.
Water ~ 0.315 U Itraglide Fluid UK 50 50:1 0.10 22,200 Mobil Solvac S122 20:1 0.04 21,320 Mobil Solvac 50:1 0.06 10,660 S122 Shell Dromus B 20:1 0.07 8,880 The Ultraglide Fluid UK 50 is a water-glycol product containing 45% glycol with the addition of the corrosion inhibitors mentioned previously at twice the concentration.
The mode of action is therefore that the corrosion inhibition produced by the normal corrosion package inhibits general corrosion whilst the areas of boundary lubrication have the corrosion inhibited by the hydrazine hydrate by the chemical breakdown at the metal surface N2H4 + 02oN2 + 2H2 Lubricant Tested by Seta Plint Machine 50% Fail Time Silicone fluid 4m 40 secs Silicone grease (aerosil thickened) 5m 10 secs Water inhibited as before 6m 30 secs Water based grease (aerosil thickened) 7m 50 secs Example 1 A lubricant consists of an aqueous mixture comprising monoethylene glycol as pour-point depressant in an amount of 15% and Ultraglide hydraulic concentrate in an amount of 25% to achieve a pour-point of less than - 5"C, a soluble chemical thickening agent such as a cellulose derivative, and a lubricity-enhancing agent such as MoS2.
The lubricant is used in the ordinary way in the lubricating systems of both stationary and automotive engines.
Example 2 A lubricant consists of an aqueous mixture comprising 10% hydrazine hydrate, 1.45% triethanolamine, and 2% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The lubricant is supplied to an engine in the usual manner.
Example 3 An additive for admixture with water to form an aqueous lubricant for machinery contains 45% ethylene glycol, and the corrosion inhibitors listed below. The additive is mixed with water in the ratio 1:50. After mixing of the additive with the water, the final concentration of said inhibitors with respect to the mixture is: triethanolamine 2.9% phosphoric acid 1.10% benzotriazole 0.2% sodium borate 6.00% The lubricity of the aqueous lubricant may be increased by the addition of P.T. F. E., graphite, zinc oxide, M.S., or silicone derivatives.

Claims (16)

1. A lubricant for machinery comprising in admixture water as a major constituent, a pourpoint depressant in an amount of up to 15%, and a corrosion inhibitor in an amount of up to 25%.
2. A lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the pour-point depressant is a polyhydric alcohol .
3. A lubricant according to claim 2, wherein the pour-point depressant is ethylene glycol.
4. A lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is selected from triethanolamine, phosphoric acid, benzotriazole, sodium borate, hydrazine hydrate and a hydraulic concentrate.
5. A lubricant according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic concentrate consists of: sodim nitrate 3% sodium acetate 3% t triethanolamine 2.8% heavy metal alkyl sulphonates 8% foam inhibitor (silicone based) 0.2% water hardness inhibitor 0.2%
6. A lubricant according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a viscosity modifier selected from cellulose derivatives, xanthin gums and alginates is present in the mixture.
7. A lubricant according to claim 6, wherein sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is present in the mixture in an amount of 2%.
8. A lubricant according to any preceding claim, wherein hydrazine hydrate is present in the mixture in an amount of 10%.
9. A lubricant for machinery, according to Example 1 or Example 2.
10. A method of lubricating machinery comprising supplying to the machinery a lubricant comprising water as a major constituent.
11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the lubricant is that of any of claims 2 to 9.
12. An additive for admixture with water to form a lubricant for machinery comprising in admixture: (a) monoethylene glycol and (b) a corrosion inhibitor.
13. An additive according to claim 12, wherein the inhibitor is selected from triethanolamine, phosphoric acid, benzotriazole, sodium borate, hydrazine hydrate, and a hydraulic concentrate.
14. An additive according to claim 13, wherein the hydraulic concentrate consists of: sodium nitrate 3% sodium acetate 3% triethanolamine 2.8% heavy metal alkyl sulphonates 8% foam inhibitor (silicone based) 0.2% water hardness inhibitor 0.2%
15. An additive according to claim 12 or 13 or 14, wherein the mixture contains 45% ethylene glycol.
16. An additive for admixture with water to form a lubricant for machinery, according to Example 3.
GB7925610A 1978-07-22 1979-07-23 Aqueous lubricant compositions for machinery Withdrawn GB2027445A (en)

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GB7925610A GB2027445A (en) 1978-07-22 1979-07-23 Aqueous lubricant compositions for machinery

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4125218A1 (en) * 1991-07-30 1993-02-04 Pluto Chem Betriebe LUBRICANTS FOR HOT ROLLING STEEL PROFILES IN A ROLLING STAND

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4125218A1 (en) * 1991-07-30 1993-02-04 Pluto Chem Betriebe LUBRICANTS FOR HOT ROLLING STEEL PROFILES IN A ROLLING STAND

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