US2956951A - Water base lubricant containing dimethyl sulfoxide - Google Patents

Water base lubricant containing dimethyl sulfoxide Download PDF

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Publication number
US2956951A
US2956951A US618434A US61843456A US2956951A US 2956951 A US2956951 A US 2956951A US 618434 A US618434 A US 618434A US 61843456 A US61843456 A US 61843456A US 2956951 A US2956951 A US 2956951A
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Prior art keywords
water
percent
dimethyl sulfoxide
cellulose
sulfoxide
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US618434A
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Michael J Furey
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to water-base lubricants. Particularly, it relates to a water-base lubricant wherein water has been thickened to a lubricating oil viscosity with an organic thickener and small amounts of an organic sulfoxide have been added to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.
  • the water-base lubricants of the invention are nonflamrnable, inexpensive lubricants having high load-carrying ability. These lubricants may be used as cutting oils, hydraulic fluids, metal-working fluids, and as general purpose lubricants where operating temperatures are not excessive.
  • the lubricating compositions of this invention will comprise water which has been thickened to a lubricating oil viscosity with an ether cellulose and which contains an extreme pressure improving amount of a dialkyl sulfoxide.
  • the ether cellulose thickeners operable in this invention include the water soluble C to C alkyl cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, butyl cellulose, etc., and which include the monoand di-alkyl cellulose ethers, mixtures thereof, and mixed ether celluloses such as methyl ethyl cellulose, methyl propyl cellulose, etc.
  • dialkyl sulfoxides useful in the invention have the general formula:
  • each R represents the same or different alkyl radicals, containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, i.e., methyl, ethyl and nand iso-propyl radicals.
  • the sulfoxide can be dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfoxide, methyl ethyl sulfoxide, etc.
  • the lubricant of this invention will comprise a major proportion of water and a thickening amount, such as 0.5 to 10 wt. percent, e.g., 1 to 5 wt. percent, of ether cellulose and an extreme pressure imparting amount of dialkyl sulfoxide, such as 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent, e.g., 1.0 to 3.0 wt. percent of the sulfoxide.
  • a thickening amount such as 0.5 to 10 wt. percent, e.g., 1 to 5 wt. percent, of ether cellulose and an extreme pressure imparting amount of dialkyl sulfoxide, such as 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent, e.g., 1.0 to 3.0 wt. percent of the sulfoxide.
  • a lubricant containing 1.7 wt. percent of a dimethyl ether of cellulose (commercially available under the name of Methocel 400), 2 wt. percent of dimethyl sulfoxide and 96.3 wt. percent of water, was prepared as follows: The Methocel 400 was mixed with about onefifth of the required amount of water as hot water for about minutes. The remaining four-fifths of the water was then added as ice water and the mixture was stirred until smooth and homogeneous. The resultant fluid was clear and colorless. The viscosity of this base mixture at room temperature was approximately 260 centistokes,
  • Example I The product of Example I was then evaluated for its load-carrying ability in an Almen machine (a steel pin rotating at 600 r.p.m. between two halves of a loaded bearing) with gradual loading at 10 second intervals until failure. The product was also tested in the Shell 4-ball E.P. lubricant test. The results of these tests are shown in the following table, along with comparative data for a typical mineral lubricating oil.
  • water-soluble additives may also be added to the composition, such as dyes, corrosion-inhibitors, metal deactivators, wetting agents, supplementary anti-friction or anti-wear additives, and bacteriostatic agents.
  • a water-base lubricant composition comprising a major proportion of water, 1 to 5 wt. percent of a water soluble ether cellulose thickener and l to 3 Wt. percent of a dialkyl sulfoxide having in the range of 1 to 3 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, wherein said lubricant composition is a clear solution.
  • a water-base lubricant composition comprising about to 99 wt. percent water, about 0.5 to 10.0 Wt. percent of a water soluble C to C alkyl ether cellulose thickener and about 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent of a watersoluble dialkyl sulfoxide having in the range of 1 to 3 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, wherein said lubricant composition is a clear solution.
  • a process of lubricating relatively moving, contacting surfaces which comprises applying to said surfaces a lubricant consisting of water thickened to a lubricating viscosity with a water-soluble alkyl cellulose ether thickener, and containing about 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent of a water-soluble dialkyl sulfoxide having in the range or 1 to 3 carbonatoms in each alkyl group, wherein said lubricant is a clear solution.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

WATER BASE LUBRICANT CONTAINING DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE Michael J. Furey, Berkeley Heights, NJ., assignor to Esso Research and Engineering Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Oct. 26, 1956, Ser. No. 618,434
4 Claims. (Cl. 252-48.2)
This invention relates to water-base lubricants. Particularly, it relates to a water-base lubricant wherein water has been thickened to a lubricating oil viscosity with an organic thickener and small amounts of an organic sulfoxide have been added to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.
The water-base lubricants of the invention are nonflamrnable, inexpensive lubricants having high load-carrying ability. These lubricants may be used as cutting oils, hydraulic fluids, metal-working fluids, and as general purpose lubricants where operating temperatures are not excessive.
The lubricating compositions of this invention will comprise water which has been thickened to a lubricating oil viscosity with an ether cellulose and which contains an extreme pressure improving amount of a dialkyl sulfoxide.
The ether cellulose thickeners operable in this invention include the water soluble C to C alkyl cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, butyl cellulose, etc., and which include the monoand di-alkyl cellulose ethers, mixtures thereof, and mixed ether celluloses such as methyl ethyl cellulose, methyl propyl cellulose, etc.
The dialkyl sulfoxides useful in the invention have the general formula:
wherein each R represents the same or different alkyl radicals, containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, i.e., methyl, ethyl and nand iso-propyl radicals. For example, the sulfoxide can be dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfoxide, methyl ethyl sulfoxide, etc.
The lubricant of this invention will comprise a major proportion of water and a thickening amount, such as 0.5 to 10 wt. percent, e.g., 1 to 5 wt. percent, of ether cellulose and an extreme pressure imparting amount of dialkyl sulfoxide, such as 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent, e.g., 1.0 to 3.0 wt. percent of the sulfoxide.
The invention will be further understood by the following examples.
EXAMPLE I A lubricant containing 1.7 wt. percent of a dimethyl ether of cellulose (commercially available under the name of Methocel 400), 2 wt. percent of dimethyl sulfoxide and 96.3 wt. percent of water, was prepared as follows: The Methocel 400 was mixed with about onefifth of the required amount of water as hot water for about minutes. The remaining four-fifths of the water was then added as ice water and the mixture was stirred until smooth and homogeneous. The resultant fluid was clear and colorless. The viscosity of this base mixture at room temperature was approximately 260 centistokes,
States Patent ice . 2 which is similar in viscosity to an SAE 30 grade oil. The 2 wt. percent of dimethyl sulfoxide was then added to the methyl cellulose thickened water. The sulfoxide immediately dissolved and the resultant product remained clear and colorless.
The product of Example I was then evaluated for its load-carrying ability in an Almen machine (a steel pin rotating at 600 r.p.m. between two halves of a loaded bearing) with gradual loading at 10 second intervals until failure. The product was also tested in the Shell 4-ball E.P. lubricant test. The results of these tests are shown in the following table, along with comparative data for a typical mineral lubricating oil.
Table 1 LOAD-CARRYING PROPERTIES OF METHYL CELLULOSE 'gIglENED WATER CONTAINING DIMETHYL SULF- As seen from the above table, the methyl cellulose thickened water had very little load-carrying ability in itself. However, upon the addition of 2 wt. percent of dimethyl sulfoxide, it was able to carry a total of 15 Almen weights before failure, and carried a load of 102 kg. in the 4-ball E.P. test. The typical lubricating oil carried a maximum of only 3 Weights in the Almen test and a 45 kg. load in the 4-ball test, thus illustrating the very high load-carrying ability of the water-base lubricant of the invention.
Other water-soluble additives may also be added to the composition, such as dyes, corrosion-inhibitors, metal deactivators, wetting agents, supplementary anti-friction or anti-wear additives, and bacteriostatic agents.
What is claimed is:
l. A water-base lubricant composition comprising a major proportion of water, 1 to 5 wt. percent of a water soluble ether cellulose thickener and l to 3 Wt. percent of a dialkyl sulfoxide having in the range of 1 to 3 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, wherein said lubricant composition is a clear solution.
2. A water-base lubricant composition comprising about to 99 wt. percent water, about 0.5 to 10.0 Wt. percent of a water soluble C to C alkyl ether cellulose thickener and about 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent of a watersoluble dialkyl sulfoxide having in the range of 1 to 3 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, wherein said lubricant composition is a clear solution.
3. A water-base lubricant composition according to claim 2 wherein said ether cellulose is a methyl cellulose and said dialkyl sulfoxide is dimethyl sulfoxide.
4. A process of lubricating relatively moving, contacting surfaces which comprises applying to said surfaces a lubricant consisting of water thickened to a lubricating viscosity with a water-soluble alkyl cellulose ether thickener, and containing about 0.5 to 5.0 wt. percent of a water-soluble dialkyl sulfoxide having in the range or 1 to 3 carbonatoms in each alkyl group, wherein said lubricant is a clear solution.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 4 Modl Nov. 14, 1944 Rogers et a1 June 28, 1949 Rogers et a1. .2; Dec. 12, 1950 McBride Nov. 25, 1952 Sullivan et a1. Dec. 31, 1957 OTHER REFERENCES Bastian: Metal Working Lubricants, McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 1951, pages 5 and 6.

Claims (1)

1. A WATER-BASE LUBRICANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR PROPORTION OF WATER, 1 TO 5 WT. PERCENT OF A WATER SOLUBLE ETHER CELLULOSE THICKENER AND 1 TO 3 WT. PERCENT OF A DIALKYL SULFOXIDE HAVING IN THE RANGE OF 1 TO 3 CARBON ATOMS IN EACH ALKYL GROUP, WHEREIN SAID LUBRICANT COMPOSITION IS A CLEAR SOLUTION.
US618434A 1956-10-26 1956-10-26 Water base lubricant containing dimethyl sulfoxide Expired - Lifetime US2956951A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3211794A (en) * 1960-07-01 1965-10-12 Ethyl Corp Sulfur-containing phenolic compounds
US3304258A (en) * 1964-10-29 1967-02-14 Chrysler Corp Drawing compound and method
US3424682A (en) * 1966-08-08 1969-01-28 Albert M Sacerdote Materials-working composition containing a high molecular weight polymer
US4246125A (en) * 1979-05-04 1981-01-20 Edwin Cooper, Inc. Lubricating oil and fuel composition
US4448703A (en) * 1981-02-25 1984-05-15 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same
US4469586A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-09-04 Chevron Research Company Heat exchanger antifoulant
US4666620A (en) * 1978-09-27 1987-05-19 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same
US4770803A (en) * 1986-07-03 1988-09-13 The Lubrizol Corporation Aqueous compositions containing carboxylic salts
USRE33124E (en) * 1976-08-04 1989-12-05 Singer and Hersch Industrial Development (PTY) Ltd. Water-based industrial fluids
EP0412271A1 (en) * 1989-08-10 1991-02-13 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Hydraulic fluids
US5217637A (en) * 1989-08-10 1993-06-08 Huels Aktiengesellschaft Aqueous hydraulic fluids for energy transfer
USRE36479E (en) * 1986-07-03 2000-01-04 The Lubrizol Corporation Aqueous compositions containing nitrogen-containing salts
WO2009106359A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Carl Bechem Gmbh Water-based lubricant composition having adjusted low to high viscosity

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1963901A (en) * 1931-04-17 1934-06-19 Eastman Kodak Co Lubricant containing a cellulose derivative
US2287639A (en) * 1939-04-27 1942-06-23 Du Pont Lubricant composition comprising organic sulphonamides
US2318629A (en) * 1938-03-04 1943-05-11 Lubri Zol Corp Lubricating composition
US2323789A (en) * 1940-09-27 1943-07-06 Tide Water Associated Oil Comp Lubricant composition
US2362761A (en) * 1942-06-15 1944-11-14 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Water-soluble cellulose ether composition
US2474325A (en) * 1943-04-07 1949-06-28 Jr Thomas T Rodgers Aqueous lubricant
US2533328A (en) * 1945-08-27 1950-12-12 Janet W Rodgers Lubricant coolant solution
US2619458A (en) * 1949-05-14 1952-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compositions embodying solid lubricants
US2818388A (en) * 1954-01-04 1957-12-31 Stepan Chemical Co Corrosion inhibition

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1963901A (en) * 1931-04-17 1934-06-19 Eastman Kodak Co Lubricant containing a cellulose derivative
US2318629A (en) * 1938-03-04 1943-05-11 Lubri Zol Corp Lubricating composition
US2287639A (en) * 1939-04-27 1942-06-23 Du Pont Lubricant composition comprising organic sulphonamides
US2323789A (en) * 1940-09-27 1943-07-06 Tide Water Associated Oil Comp Lubricant composition
US2362761A (en) * 1942-06-15 1944-11-14 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Water-soluble cellulose ether composition
US2474325A (en) * 1943-04-07 1949-06-28 Jr Thomas T Rodgers Aqueous lubricant
US2533328A (en) * 1945-08-27 1950-12-12 Janet W Rodgers Lubricant coolant solution
US2619458A (en) * 1949-05-14 1952-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compositions embodying solid lubricants
US2818388A (en) * 1954-01-04 1957-12-31 Stepan Chemical Co Corrosion inhibition

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3211794A (en) * 1960-07-01 1965-10-12 Ethyl Corp Sulfur-containing phenolic compounds
US3304258A (en) * 1964-10-29 1967-02-14 Chrysler Corp Drawing compound and method
US3424682A (en) * 1966-08-08 1969-01-28 Albert M Sacerdote Materials-working composition containing a high molecular weight polymer
USRE33124E (en) * 1976-08-04 1989-12-05 Singer and Hersch Industrial Development (PTY) Ltd. Water-based industrial fluids
US4666620A (en) * 1978-09-27 1987-05-19 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same
US4246125A (en) * 1979-05-04 1981-01-20 Edwin Cooper, Inc. Lubricating oil and fuel composition
US4448703A (en) * 1981-02-25 1984-05-15 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same
US4469586A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-09-04 Chevron Research Company Heat exchanger antifoulant
US4770803A (en) * 1986-07-03 1988-09-13 The Lubrizol Corporation Aqueous compositions containing carboxylic salts
USRE36479E (en) * 1986-07-03 2000-01-04 The Lubrizol Corporation Aqueous compositions containing nitrogen-containing salts
EP0412271A1 (en) * 1989-08-10 1991-02-13 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Hydraulic fluids
US5217637A (en) * 1989-08-10 1993-06-08 Huels Aktiengesellschaft Aqueous hydraulic fluids for energy transfer
WO2009106359A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Carl Bechem Gmbh Water-based lubricant composition having adjusted low to high viscosity

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