GB2023764A - Internal combustion engine piston - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine piston Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2023764A
GB2023764A GB7913757A GB7913757A GB2023764A GB 2023764 A GB2023764 A GB 2023764A GB 7913757 A GB7913757 A GB 7913757A GB 7913757 A GB7913757 A GB 7913757A GB 2023764 A GB2023764 A GB 2023764A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
piston
piston head
cooling
concentric circular
cooling chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7913757A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CKD Praha DIZ AS
CKD Praha Oborovy Podnik
Original Assignee
CKD Praha DIZ AS
CKD Praha Oborovy Podnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CKD Praha DIZ AS, CKD Praha Oborovy Podnik filed Critical CKD Praha DIZ AS
Publication of GB2023764A publication Critical patent/GB2023764A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

In a piston made of alloyed perlitic modular cast iron the head of which is supported by a concentric circular fin 2 there is provided a cooling annulus 9 defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head 1 and by the piston skirt 4 in the region of the piston ring grooves. The fin 2 projects from a cross wall 3 which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal piston axis and forms together with said fin a cooling chamber 8 disposed below the central portion of the piston head while merging into the piston skirt in the region of the piston ring grooves. The cooling chamber is connected, via short, rigid ribs 5, with gudgeon pin bosses 6. The concentric circular fin is provided with at least two apertures 7 constituting communication passages between the cooling chamber 8 and the cooling annulus 9. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Internal combustion engine piston of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron This invention relates to a piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for internal combustion engines cooled by recirculating oil.
With well-known one-piece pistons made of nodular cast iron, the piston head is supported by fins projecting from bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin. Since such fins are spaced apart from the piston skirt, the combustion pressure forces which the piston head is exposed to are not transferred onto the piston skirt. These supporting fins simultaneously constitute the inner wall of an annular cooling chamber defined by the periphery of the piston head and by the piston skirt in the region of the piston ring grooves. In such a way it is possible to obtain a safely low temperature of the piston in the region of the piston ring grooves.
However, a disadvantage of the above-described arrangement is that the central portion of the piston head remains uncooled and is heated to a high temperature which negatively influences the stability of the mechanical characteristics of the material from which the piston is made. Also a very uneven temperature distribution in the piston head occurs while relatively high temperature gradients between the uncooled piston portion and the intensively cooled portion are responsible for considerable thermal stresses which in turn increase the risks of material failure due to fatigue. The two bosses designed for mounting the gudgeon pin and separated from the piston skirt have to be inter-connected by relatively thin, long fins in order that a sufficient rigidity and bore exactness be attained.
Such fins are unsuitable from the viewpoint of stress and casting technology.
According to the invention there is provided a piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil, comprising a concentric circular fin for supporting the piston head, and a cooling annulus defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head and by the piston skirt in the region of piston ring grooves, the concentric circular fin projecting from a cross wall which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal piston axis and which together with the fin forms a cooling chamber disposed below the central portion of the piston head and merges into the piston skirt in the region of the piston ring grooves, the cross wall being connected by short, rigid ribs with bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin, said concentric circular fin being provided with at least two apertures constituting communication passages between the cooling chamber and the cooling annulus.
Owing to such an arrangement wherein below the central portion of the piston head a cooling chamber communicates, via apertures in the concentric circular fin, with the cooling annulus defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head and by the piston skirt, there is attained an intensive cooling of the entire piston head which gives the piston head a temperature which becomes more uniform and has a lower maximum value. The cross wall perpendicular to the longitudinal piston axis constitutes the main element of rigid connection between the bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin.
A specific embodiment in accordance with the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing which on the lefthand side shows a longitudinal section of a piston taken through the gudgeon pin axis and on the righthand side shows a longitudinal section of the piston taken through a plane perpendicular to the gudgeon pin axis.
Referring to the drawing, a piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil has a piston head supported by a concentric circular fin 2 which projects from a cross wall 3 extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal piston axis and merging into the piston skirt 4 in the region of piston ring grooves. The cross wall 3 is connected by short, rigid ribs 5 to bosses 6 for receiving the gudgeon pin. Thereby the cross wall 3 forms the main element of rigid connection between the gudgeon pin bosses 6. The concentric circular fin 2 is provided with two diametrically opposed apertures 7 forming communication passages between a cooling chamber 8 provided below the central portion of the piston head 1 and a cooling annulus 9 defined by the peripheral portion of the piston ring grooves.In the middle of the cross wall 3 an orifice 10 is provided, which orifice receives an insert 11 with a neck 1 2 extending upwardly above the level of the cross wall 13, thereby ensuring a minimum oil level in the cooling chamber 8. Cooling oil supplied to the piston flows via connecting rod and the gudgeon pin into one boss 6, then through a bore 1 3 into the cooling annulus 9 and further through the apertures 7 in the concentric circular fin 2 into the cooling chamber 8 whereupon it flows out through the neck 2 in the insert 11 into the crankcase of the engine.
1. A piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil, comprising a concentric circular fin for supporting the piston head, and a cooling annulus defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head and by the piston skirt in the
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (2)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Internal combustion engine piston of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron This invention relates to a piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for internal combustion engines cooled by recirculating oil. With well-known one-piece pistons made of nodular cast iron, the piston head is supported by fins projecting from bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin. Since such fins are spaced apart from the piston skirt, the combustion pressure forces which the piston head is exposed to are not transferred onto the piston skirt. These supporting fins simultaneously constitute the inner wall of an annular cooling chamber defined by the periphery of the piston head and by the piston skirt in the region of the piston ring grooves. In such a way it is possible to obtain a safely low temperature of the piston in the region of the piston ring grooves. However, a disadvantage of the above-described arrangement is that the central portion of the piston head remains uncooled and is heated to a high temperature which negatively influences the stability of the mechanical characteristics of the material from which the piston is made. Also a very uneven temperature distribution in the piston head occurs while relatively high temperature gradients between the uncooled piston portion and the intensively cooled portion are responsible for considerable thermal stresses which in turn increase the risks of material failure due to fatigue. The two bosses designed for mounting the gudgeon pin and separated from the piston skirt have to be inter-connected by relatively thin, long fins in order that a sufficient rigidity and bore exactness be attained. Such fins are unsuitable from the viewpoint of stress and casting technology. According to the invention there is provided a piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil, comprising a concentric circular fin for supporting the piston head, and a cooling annulus defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head and by the piston skirt in the region of piston ring grooves, the concentric circular fin projecting from a cross wall which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal piston axis and which together with the fin forms a cooling chamber disposed below the central portion of the piston head and merges into the piston skirt in the region of the piston ring grooves, the cross wall being connected by short, rigid ribs with bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin, said concentric circular fin being provided with at least two apertures constituting communication passages between the cooling chamber and the cooling annulus. Owing to such an arrangement wherein below the central portion of the piston head a cooling chamber communicates, via apertures in the concentric circular fin, with the cooling annulus defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head and by the piston skirt, there is attained an intensive cooling of the entire piston head which gives the piston head a temperature which becomes more uniform and has a lower maximum value. The cross wall perpendicular to the longitudinal piston axis constitutes the main element of rigid connection between the bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin. A specific embodiment in accordance with the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing which on the lefthand side shows a longitudinal section of a piston taken through the gudgeon pin axis and on the righthand side shows a longitudinal section of the piston taken through a plane perpendicular to the gudgeon pin axis. Referring to the drawing, a piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil has a piston head supported by a concentric circular fin 2 which projects from a cross wall 3 extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal piston axis and merging into the piston skirt 4 in the region of piston ring grooves. The cross wall 3 is connected by short, rigid ribs 5 to bosses 6 for receiving the gudgeon pin. Thereby the cross wall 3 forms the main element of rigid connection between the gudgeon pin bosses 6. The concentric circular fin 2 is provided with two diametrically opposed apertures 7 forming communication passages between a cooling chamber 8 provided below the central portion of the piston head 1 and a cooling annulus 9 defined by the peripheral portion of the piston ring grooves.In the middle of the cross wall 3 an orifice 10 is provided, which orifice receives an insert 11 with a neck 1 2 extending upwardly above the level of the cross wall 13, thereby ensuring a minimum oil level in the cooling chamber 8. Cooling oil supplied to the piston flows via connecting rod and the gudgeon pin into one boss 6, then through a bore 1 3 into the cooling annulus 9 and further through the apertures 7 in the concentric circular fin 2 into the cooling chamber 8 whereupon it flows out through the neck 2 in the insert 11 into the crankcase of the engine. CLAIMS
1. A piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil, comprising a concentric circular fin for supporting the piston head, and a cooling annulus defined by the peripheral portion of the piston head and by the piston skirt in the region of piston ring grooves, the concentric circular fin projecting from a cross wall which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal piston axis and which together with the fin forms a cooling chamber disposed below the central portion of the piston head and merges into the piston skirt in the region of the piston ring grooves, the cross wall being connected by short, rigid ribs with bosses for receiving the gudgeon pin, said concentric circular fin being provided with at least two apertures constituting communication passages between the cooling chamber and the cooling annulus.
2. A piston made of alloyed perlitic nodular cast iron and designed for an internal combustion engine cooled by recirculating oil substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
GB7913757A 1978-06-22 1979-04-20 Internal combustion engine piston Withdrawn GB2023764A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS412278A CS201273B1 (en) 1978-06-22 1978-06-22 Piston from the alloyed perlitic plastic cast iron for the ignition engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2023764A true GB2023764A (en) 1980-01-03

Family

ID=5383269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7913757A Withdrawn GB2023764A (en) 1978-06-22 1979-04-20 Internal combustion engine piston

Country Status (5)

Country Link
CS (1) CS201273B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2923330C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2429328A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2023764A (en)
SU (1) SU949215A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4643079A (en) * 1985-03-28 1987-02-17 General Motors Corporation Iron piston having selectively hardened ring groove
GB2349196A (en) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 Seneca Tech Ltd Piston lubrication and coolant path
CN113431698A (en) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-24 强莉莉 Split combined type heat insulation piston

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3511852C1 (en) * 1985-03-30 1987-01-02 Man B & W Diesel Gmbh Oil-cooled monoblock trunk piston for internal combustion engines
DE10325917A1 (en) 2003-06-07 2005-03-31 Mahle Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine and casting process for its production

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE499189C (en) * 1927-04-21 1930-06-05 Gen Electric Co Ltd Pistons for internal combustion engines
US1856107A (en) * 1928-04-10 1932-05-03 Gen Electric Co Ltd Piston for internal combustion engines
DE1055879B (en) * 1955-03-23 1959-04-23 Schmidt Gmbh Karl Oil-cooled pistons for diesel engines in vehicles
DE1002172B (en) * 1955-12-20 1957-02-07 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Cooled light alloy piston
DE1526598A1 (en) * 1966-10-07 1970-02-12 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Device for reducing cylinder liner wear in plunger engines, especially for heavy duty operation
US3613521A (en) * 1968-11-07 1971-10-19 Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd Piston for internal combustion engine
FR2079873A5 (en) * 1970-02-16 1971-11-12 Semt
FR2127040A5 (en) * 1971-01-19 1972-10-13 Semt
FR2125687A5 (en) * 1971-02-16 1972-09-29 Semt
DE2601295A1 (en) * 1976-01-15 1977-07-21 Kleinwaechter Hans Solar energy collector assembly - has plastics collector sleeve between multilayer upper plate and heat insulating bottom plate with adjustable plate spacing
CA1084789A (en) * 1976-01-23 1980-09-02 Richard L. Hummel Solar energy collection system
US4076025A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-02-28 Parker Louis W Solar steam boiler
FR2395468A1 (en) * 1977-06-23 1979-01-19 Parica Solar radiation energy collector - uses air as heat transfer medium drawn through panels by common fan and passed to point of use by duct

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4643079A (en) * 1985-03-28 1987-02-17 General Motors Corporation Iron piston having selectively hardened ring groove
GB2349196A (en) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 Seneca Tech Ltd Piston lubrication and coolant path
GB2349196B (en) * 1999-04-19 2001-08-29 Seneca Tech Ltd Piston lubrication and coolant path
CN113431698A (en) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-24 强莉莉 Split combined type heat insulation piston

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2923330A1 (en) 1980-01-10
SU949215A1 (en) 1982-08-07
DE2923330C2 (en) 1986-06-12
FR2429328B1 (en) 1984-12-21
CS201273B1 (en) 1980-10-31
FR2429328A1 (en) 1980-01-18

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)