GB1605274A - Composite shielding having a layer component of ceramic material - Google Patents
Composite shielding having a layer component of ceramic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1605274A GB1605274A GB10995/69A GB1099569A GB1605274A GB 1605274 A GB1605274 A GB 1605274A GB 10995/69 A GB10995/69 A GB 10995/69A GB 1099569 A GB1099569 A GB 1099569A GB 1605274 A GB1605274 A GB 1605274A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composite shielding
- weight
- support
- shielding according
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/02—Ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
(54) COMPOSITE SHIELDING HAVING A LAYER COMPONENT OF
CERAMIC MATERIALE
(71) We, DESMARQUEST S.A., a French
Body Corporate, of Residence du Colombier
C 3, Square du Cinquantenaire de Verdun, 92
Sevres, France, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
The present invention relates to a composite shielding comprising a layer component of ceramic material on a support that can be used, particularly but not exclusively, for constituting armour shieldings. It relates also to the preparation of such a ceramic material and to a composite shielding making use of this material on a support made of a different material.
It is known that the association of ceramic layers with a support, metallic for instance, has been proposed to realise shieldings for protection against various missiles, and specially against high velocity projectiles. The essential advantage of these shieldings resides in their light weight: such a composite shielding is much lighter than classical metal shieldings for an equivalent protection.
In counterpart of their lighter weight, the known composite shieldings have the drawback of a high cost: to ensure a high protection efficiency, the ceramic layer components are made of hard materials such as silicon carbide, or better boron carbide, which are very expensive. Another solution consists in choosing for a support, a special metal such as titanium or its alloys, but in that case too the support cost makes the shielding too much expensive.
The object of the invention is to provide an improved composite shielding utilizing a ceramic material that is more convenient than previous materials.
It concerns specially the conception of a ceramic material able to replace advantageously boron carbide and silicon carbide for constituting shieldings having a
high protection efficiency and permitting a
lower cost than previous shieldings. Another
purpose is to make the composite shieldings
defined hereabove still lighter for a given
degree of protection, and that without
necessarily using supports made of special
metals.
According to the present invention there is
provided a composite shielding comprising a
ceramic layer component on, a support, said
layer component being made of a ceramic
material, which comprises a proportion of
alumina between 85 and 99.5% by weight
formed by alumina grains bound by a vitreous
phase mainly composed of an alkaline-earth
silico-aluminate. The vitreous phase is for
example mainly composed of a calcium,
barium or strontium silico-aluminate. A
magnesium silico-aluminate is preferred
however.
According to a preferred embodiment of
the invention the ceramictm3terial comprises
alumina A1203, preferably in a proportion
betwen 89 and 93% by weight, silica SiO2, in a
proportion between 0.05 and 6%, and
preferably between 5.50 and 5.75% by weight,
and magnesia MgO, in a proportion between
0.02 and 1.5%, and preferably between
0.9 and 1% by weight.
According to another feature of the
invention the ceramic material comprises in
addition to the magnesia, another alkaline earth oxide, for instance calcium, oxide CaO,
X in a proportion between Qv. 10 and 1% and preferably between 0.50 and 0.60% by weight.
The ceramic material may be prepared by
any process known in the ceramic field.
However, the invention concerns more
particularly a process in which the ceramic
material is prepared by grinding a -mixture of
alumina and silicon and magnesium, in
convenient proportions, shaping and sintering
the product obtained in an oxidizing
atmosphere at a temperature of about 1450 15500C.
To realize the composite shielding any support already known in the composite shieldings technique may be used, for instance an organic plastic or metallic support, chosen in view of the characteristics to be obtained for each particular use.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the composite shielding is constituted by a layer of the ceramic material, formed in plates, applied against a metallic support.
An intimate contact is preferably ensured by a binder between the ceramic layer and the support. It is also advantageous to ensure a complementary binding by any mechanical fastening means.
According to another embodiment, the ceramic plates are embedded in the support, with no void around them. Preferably, the plates are bonded to the support on all faces by an organic binder.
The essential features and main advantages of the invention will be better understood from the following description of a particular embodiment of a shielding according to the invention using a ceramic material having a particular composition.
This description is of course in no way limitative for the invention. It refers to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a composite shielding according to the invention on the ceramic layer side;
Fig. 2 is a transverse cross-section of the shielding according to Fig. 1.
In the described particular embodiment, the composite shielding according to the invention is constituted by a ceramic layer formed by plates 1, applied against a metallic support 2.
These square-shaped plates are regularly disposed at a little distance from one another.
They are maintained in intimate contact with the metallic support. More precisely they are bonded to the latter.
A mechanical binding is also ensured between the ceramic plates 1 and the metallic support 2, with screws or bolts for instance. As shown in the figures, bolts 3 are disposed between the square plates at their corners.
They grip the shielding between a ring 4 pressing on the ceramic plates and a nut 5 pressing on the metallic support.
In an alternative embodiment, which leads to an even better protective efficiency than the, preceding embodiment, the ceramic plates are embedded in the metal support with the binder all around ensuring an intimate contact without any void.
For constituting the ceramic material of plates 1, different compositions have been used, between the following limits:
% weight
A1203 85 to 99.5
SiO2 0.05to6 MgO 0.02to1.5 CaO 0.IOtoi However, when trying the resistance of the shieldings against high velocity projectiles, the best results have been obtained with compositions comprises in the hereunder limits:
%weight
A1203 89to93 SiO2 5.50to5.75 MgO 0.90to1 CaO 0.50to0.60 Alkaline 0.10 to 0.20 compound suchasNa2 MnO2 0 to4 As an example, in a particular embodiment the ceramic material is prepared from the following components::
% weight
Alumina power 88
Talc 3
Pulverulent chalk 1
Arvor kaolin 8
These components, together with organic suspension agents, are crushed to a grain size less than 30 microns and suspended in water.
The suspension obtained is then introduced in an atomizing-dryer for producing granules.
These granules are compacted into plates.
The plates obtained are dried, then introducec into a sintering furnace where they are submitted in an oxidising atmosphere to a temperature between 1450 and 15500C, and preferably around 1500"C, during a time of about two hours.
A ceramic material having the following components is obtained:
%weight A1203 92.7
SiO2 5.75
CaO 0.56
MgO 0.96
Alkaline 0.10 compounds such as Na2O
This material is constituted of alumina grains bound mainly by a magnesium silicoaluminate vitreous phase. It shows a very fine structure, the mean grain size being between 10 and 30 microns. This ceramic material shows a trans-crystalline fracture when it is broken by shock.
To prepare the shielding according to the invention, the ceramic plates are bound on or in the metallic support, which is consituted in the particular embodiment described by a plate of an aluminium - zinc alloy, known as
A-Z5 G (state T6).
Such a support is convenient in most applications. It may however be replaced by another weldable alloy, for instance by titanium or a titanium alloy, to obtain a higher protection for the same weight.
The surfaces to be bound are first prepared by degreasing and thio sulfochrome pickling.
The binding material is then deposited on both surfaces in a paste form or as a prepolymerized film and the ceramic plates are applied on the metallic support and pressed against the latter.
According to the binding material which is used, the polymerization is made in a drying oven or at room temperature.
In a particular embodiment, an epoxide resin binder having the following composition has been used:
% weight
Epoxide resin (Epikote 828) 90
Catalyzing agent ("Cardura" E) 10
Hardening agent ("Versamid") 24
Silica charge ("Aerosil") 4 "Cardva", "Versamid" and "Aerosil" are
Registered Trade Marks.
Once the binder has been applied on the surfaces, the ceramic plates are pressed on the metallic support and the bolts are inserted. The whole assembly is maintained at a temperature of about 60"C and at 60% of humidity during 48 hours to ensure a complete polymerization of the binding material.
The shieldings thus obtained show a very good resistance against high velocity projectiles. As an example, a shielding as described hereabove, with ceramic plates having a thickness from 10 to 15 mm on a metallic support having a thickness from 15 to 24 mm, resists projectiles of 12.7 mm size with an impact speed of 915 m/s.
To ensure an equivalent protection with steel only it would require a shielding about twice as heavy than the shielding according to the invention. On the other hand, the cost of the latter is considerably lower than that of any known composite shielding which would show a protection efficiency of the same order.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A composite shielding comprising a ceramic layer component on a support, said layer component being made of a ceramic material comprising alumina in a proportion between 85 and 99.5% by weight in the form of alumina grains bound by a vitreous phase mainly composed of an alkaline-earth silicoaluminate.
2. A composite shielding according to Claim 1, wherein the alumina proportion is from 89 to 93% by weight.
3. A composite shielding according to Claim 1 or 2, comprising a proportion of silica between 0.05 and 6% by weight, and preferably between 5.50 and 5.75% by weight.
4. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a proportion of magnesia from 0.02 to 1.5% by weight, and preferably between 0.9 and 1% by weight.
5. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a proportion of calcium oxide from 0.10 to 1% by weight and preferably between 0.50 and 0.60% by weight.
6. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mean size of the grains in the ceramic material is from 10 to 30 microns.
7. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceramic material is prepared by grinding a mixture of alumina and silicon and magnesium, shaping and sintering the product obtained in an oxidising atmosphere, at a temperature of about 1450 to 15500C.
8. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support is metallic.
9. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims. wherein said ceramic layer is formed by plates individually maintained in contact with the support.
10. A composite shielding according to
Claim 9, wherein said ceramic plates are embedded in said support.
11. A composite shielding according to
Claim 9 or 10, wherein said plates are fastened to the support by mechanical means.
12. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims comprising an organic binder between said ceramic material and said support.
13. A composite shielding substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (13)
1. A composite shielding comprising a ceramic layer component on a support, said layer component being made of a ceramic material comprising alumina in a proportion between 85 and 99.5% by weight in the form of alumina grains bound by a vitreous phase mainly composed of an alkaline-earth silicoaluminate.
2. A composite shielding according to Claim 1, wherein the alumina proportion is from 89 to 93% by weight.
3. A composite shielding according to Claim 1 or 2, comprising a proportion of silica between 0.05 and 6% by weight, and preferably between 5.50 and 5.75% by weight.
4. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a proportion of magnesia from 0.02 to 1.5% by weight, and preferably between 0.9 and 1% by weight.
5. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a proportion of calcium oxide from 0.10 to 1% by weight and preferably between 0.50 and 0.60% by weight.
6. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mean size of the grains in the ceramic material is from 10 to 30 microns.
7. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceramic material is prepared by grinding a mixture of alumina and silicon and magnesium, shaping and sintering the product obtained in an oxidising atmosphere, at a temperature of about 1450 to 15500C.
8. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support is metallic.
9. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims. wherein said ceramic layer is formed by plates individually maintained in contact with the support.
10. A composite shielding according to
Claim 9, wherein said ceramic plates are embedded in said support.
11. A composite shielding according to
Claim 9 or 10, wherein said plates are fastened to the support by mechanical means.
12. A composite shielding according to any one of the preceding claims comprising an organic binder between said ceramic material and said support.
13. A composite shielding substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR143615 | 1968-03-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1605274A true GB1605274A (en) | 1987-08-12 |
Family
ID=8647414
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB10995/69A Expired GB1605274A (en) | 1968-03-13 | 1969-02-28 | Composite shielding having a layer component of ceramic material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1605274A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1181585B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO113578C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991006823A2 (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-05-16 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Ceramic armor reinforced with high-strength fibers and ballistic resistant articles formed from said armor |
| WO1998055424A1 (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-10 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Aluminum oxide-based molding compound |
| EP1153899A1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-14 | Michael Cohen | Alumina ceramic products |
| EP2226603A3 (en) * | 2009-03-07 | 2012-11-28 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH | Protection device for protecting an object against projectile forming mines |
-
1969
- 1969-02-28 GB GB10995/69A patent/GB1605274A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-03-12 NO NO691026A patent/NO113578C/en unknown
- 1969-03-12 IT IT50945/69A patent/IT1181585B/en active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991006823A2 (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-05-16 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Ceramic armor reinforced with high-strength fibers and ballistic resistant articles formed from said armor |
| WO1991006823A3 (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-06-13 | Allied Signal Inc | Ceramic armor reinforced with high-strength fibers and ballistic resistant articles formed from said armor |
| WO1998055424A1 (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-10 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Aluminum oxide-based molding compound |
| EP1153899A1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-14 | Michael Cohen | Alumina ceramic products |
| EP2226603A3 (en) * | 2009-03-07 | 2012-11-28 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH | Protection device for protecting an object against projectile forming mines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1181585B (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| NO113578C (en) | 1975-12-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSNS | Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed |