GB1605128A - Use of higher alcohols as toxicants against mites - Google Patents

Description

PATENT SPECIFICATION ( 11) 1605128

0 ( 21) Application No 22691/80 ( 22) Filed 18 Oct 1977 ( 62) Divided out of No1 604 857 ( 1 ( 31) Convention Application No 802 014 < ( 32) Filed 31 May 1977 in ( 33) United States of Amercia (US) ( 44) Complete Specification published 16 Dec 1981 ( 51) INT CL 3 A 61 K 31/045: AO 1 N 31/00 ( 52) Index at acceptance A 5 B 170 38 Y 391 402 40 Y 422 42 Y 482 48 Y 586 58 Y 606 Y H A 5 E 248258269270271274275503509510 A ( 72) Inventors MYRON JORDAN LOVER, ARNOLD JACK SINGER, DONALD MICHAEL LYNCH and WILLIAM EDWARD RHODES III ( 54) USE OF HIGHER ALCOHOLS AS TOXICANTS AGAINST MITES ( 71) We, STAFFORD-MILLER LIMITED, of 166 Great North Road, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, a British Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described, in and by the following statement:-

This invention relates to ectoparasiticidal toxicants, and more particularly the 5 invention relates to the use of certain higher alcohols as toxicants for mites.

According to the present invention there is provided a method of controlling mites which comprises applying to a substrate at least one monohydric alcohol whose logarthim of the partion coefficient between n-octanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61 The invention can be performed using an ectoparasticidal toxicant composition 10 comprising an active toxicant active against mites and in inert pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor, the active toxicant being at least one monohydric alcohol whose logarithm of the partition coefficient between n-octanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61.

The invention can also be performed using an ectoparasiticidal toxicant com 15 position comprising an active toxicant and an inert pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor at least one monohydric alcohol whose logarithm of the partition coefficient between n-octanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61 being incorporated as an adjuvant toxicant in an effective toxic amount This composition can be uised in another methlnd of controlling mites provided by the invention and which involves applying a toxicant 20 with an adjuvant toxicant which is a monohydric alcohol whose logarithm of the of the partition coffiecient between n-octanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61.

It has been found that those higher alcohols which have a logarithm of their partition coefficient between n-octanol and water of at least 0 61 exhibit pediculicidal and/or ovicidal activity These alcohols are known materials and have been incorporated 25 into many pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations For example, cetyl alcohol constitutes 15 % of a published hair groom gel and 61 of a floating bath oil, and lauryl or isocetyl or dodecyl alcohol constitute about 30 % of a mineral oil gel Cetyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol are also listed under the United States Food & Drug Administration's approved Synthetic Flavor Substituents and Adjuvants list ( 21 CFR 30 1.1 1164) Cetyl alcohol has been used in compositions applied to the skin (U S.

3,226,295 and 3,943,234) and lauryl alcohol derivatives have been used in parasiticides (U.S 2,030,093).

The toxicants employed in the instant invention are monohydric alcohols, ROH, in which R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group The substituting moieties 35 can be aryl, aryloxy halogen or the like The R groups generally contain at least 4 carbon atoms and the maximum number of carbon atoms is not restricted but is generallly 24 or less It has been found that in order that the alcohols exhibit satisfactory miticidal activity, the logarithm of the partition coefficient (hereinafter log P) for the compound between n-octanol and water must be at least 0 61 Log P values can be obtained by consulting Leo et al, Chemical Review, 71, 525 ( 1971) or calculated by the method therein described.

Typical of the monohydric alcohols which can be employed in this invention are n-butanol, sec-butanol, iso-butanol (but not tert-butanol), iso-pentanol, n-pentanol, n 5 hexanol, n-octanol, n-decanol, n-dodecanol, hexadecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, 2-phenoxyethanol, cyclohexanol, 4-chlorobutanol, 2-phenylethanol, and the like.

One cr more cf the toxic alcohols can be incorporated into an active toxicant composition which can be in the form of a liquid, powder, lotion, cream, gel, aerosol spray, or foam ns the resilt of formulation with inert pharmaceutically acceptable carriers 10 by procedures well known in the art Any pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, whether aqueous or not aqueous, which is inert to the active ingredient can be employed By inert is meant that the carrier does not have a substantial detrimental effect on the pediculicidal or ovicidal toxicant activity of the active ingredient.

The active alcohol is incorporated into the toxicant composition used to treat the 15 substrate (human or animal) in need of such treatment, believed to be in need of such treatment, or desired to be prophylactically protected in an effective toxicant amount The minimum concentration of alcohol in the composition required to provide an effective toxic amount varies considerably depending on the particular alcohol, the particular inert pharmaceutically acceptable carrier being employed and any other 20 ingredients which are present Thus, in one case a 10 % concentration may suffice, while in other cases, concentrations as high as 30 to 40 % may be required to obtain an effective toxic dose The alcohols can also be employed as an adjuvant toxicant in a preparation which otherwise exhibits miticidal activity.

The miticidal activity of the instant toxicants was determined as follows Into a 25 one cubic foot chamber, held at room temperature, is placed a covered microscope depression slide containing ten adult mixed sex mites, Psoroptes equi var cuniculi.

The slide is positioned at a distance of ten inches horizontally and four inches below the activator of a mechanical spray device and uncovered The mechanical pump spray device delivers 50 micrograms of sample per depression of the activator The sample 30 to be tested, maintained at room temperature, is shaken until homogenous and placed in the mechanical pump spray device The primed activator is depressed twice, releasing 100 micrograms of spray mist into the closed chamber The mist is allowed to settle and the slide containing the mites is removed and covered This point of time is considered zero hours The covered slide is then held at room temperature for 24 35 hours Microscopic observations are noted at 0, 1, 3, and 24 hours post treatment.

Controls are run in an identical manner as that described using water or the diluting agent, and net mortality results are reported.

1,605,128 TABLE III

Miticidal Rating % Solution in Alcohol log P 100 % Alcohol Isopropanol iso-Propanol -0 12 O sec-Butanol 0 61 50 n-Butanol 0 88 100 Benzyl Alcohol 1 10 100 Cyclohexanol 1 23 100 2-Phenylethanol 1 36 100 n-Pentanol 1 40 100 n-Hexanol 2 03 100 Hexadecyl Alcohol S 7 13 100 Oleyl Alcohol 7 47 30 The log P values set forth in the foregoing tables I, II and III are those set forth in the aforementioned Leo et al article except for the values starred which were calculated using standard methods The log P value for hexadecyl alcohol is a calculated value and the actual figure is dependent on the degree of branching of the alkyl 5 moiety.

As noted above, various end use formulations can be prepared Some typical formulations are set forth below and the amounts recited are percentages by weight:

Clear colorless liquid suitable for mechanical spray application or inunction Isopropyl alcohol 65 10 Hexadecyl alcohol 15 Water 20 Clear shampoo Isopropyl alcohol 25 n-Dodecanol 15 15 Triethanolamine lauryl sulfate 20 Water 40 Lotion Isopropyl alcohol 25 Hexadecyl alcohol 15 20 Carboxypolymethylene 0 1 Triethanolamine 0 1 Water 59 8 Cream Isopropyl alcohol 25 O 25 Isopentanol 15 O Glycerol monostearate 22 5 Sorbitan monostearate 1 5 Polysorbate 60 3 5 Xanthum gum 0 2 30 Water 32 3 1,605,128 4 1,605,128 4 Quick Breaking Aerosol Foam Mono and diglycerides from the glycerides of edible fats 8 n-Octanol 15 Isopropanol 25 5 Glycerine 3 Isobutane 8 Water 41 Powder 4-Chlorobutanol 10 10 9 O Talc 90 Stick Sodium stearate 8 0 Sorbitol 3 5 Isopropanol 25 0 15 Ethanol 39 0 n-Decanol 15 0 Water 9 5 Gel Carboxypolymethylene 1 5 20 Isopropyl alcohol 25 0 4-Chlorobutanol 10 0 Polysorbate 80 4 O Triethanolamine 3 0 Water 56 5 25 Various changes and modifications can be made: the various embodiments set forth herein are for the purpose of further illustrating the invention and are not intended to limit it Throughout this specification and claims, all parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures in degree Centigrade unless otherwise indicated.

Claims (7)

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 30

1 A method of controlling ectoparasitic mites which comprises applying to a substrate at least one monohydric alcohol whose logarithm of the partition coefficient between n-octanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61.

2 A method according to Claim 1 wherein the alcohol is octanol, decanol, dodecanol, or hexadecyl alcohol 35

3 A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the alcohol is employed in combination with an inert pharmacetuically acceptable carrier.

4 A method according to Claim 3 wherein the carrier is aqueous.

A method of controlling ectoparasitic mites bv applying a toxicant, which method comprises applying with said toxicant an adjuvant toxicant which is a mono 40 hydric alcohol whose logarithm of the parition coefficient between noctanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61.

6 A method according to Claim 5 wherein the alcohol is octanol, decanol, dodecanol, or hexadecyl alcohol.

7 A method of controlling ectoparasitic mites substantially as herein described 45 and which employs a monohydric alcohol whose logarithm of the partition coefficient between n-octanol and water (log P) is at least 0 61.

MARKS & CLERK, Chartered Patent Agents, 57-60 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC 2 A 3 LS.

Agents for the Applicants.

Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by the Courier Press, Leamington Spa, 1981.

Published by the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC 2 A l AY, from which copies may be obtained.