GB1601948A - Fire resistant panels - Google Patents

Fire resistant panels Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1601948A
GB1601948A GB40614/77A GB4061477A GB1601948A GB 1601948 A GB1601948 A GB 1601948A GB 40614/77 A GB40614/77 A GB 40614/77A GB 4061477 A GB4061477 A GB 4061477A GB 1601948 A GB1601948 A GB 1601948A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
panel
layer
frame
cement
magnesia cement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB40614/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shapland and Petter Ltd
Original Assignee
Shapland and Petter Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shapland and Petter Ltd filed Critical Shapland and Petter Ltd
Priority to GB40614/77A priority Critical patent/GB1601948A/en
Publication of GB1601948A publication Critical patent/GB1601948A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/08—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B29/007—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a foam layer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04—Inorganic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B32B2317/122—Kraft paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Description

(54) FIRE RESISTANT PANELS (71) We, SHAPLAND AND PETTER LIM ITED, a British Company, of Raleigh Works, Barnstaple, Devon EX3 1 2AA, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to fire resistant panels and more particularly but not solely to such a panel suitable for forming a core for a fire resistant door.
The use of a core of fire resistant material e.g. a mineral type material between faces of a door is already known to use. Experiments have been carried out using foamed magnesia cements for moulding such fire resistant cores. However such mouldings have a tendency to distort in the heat of a fire and the fire resistant properties of the door are thereby impared.
This invention seeks to provide a fire resistant panel in which the tendency to distort under fire conditions is reduced.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a fire resistant panel comprising a layer of magnesia cement material with an integral layer of a material which is preformed with cavities or recess to provide a cellular structure.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a fire resistant panel comprising introducing a magnesia cement material into a mould together with a layer of a material which is preformed with cavities or recesses to provide a cellular structure.
The magnesia cement is preferably foamed before introduction into the mould.
The layer preformed with cavities or recesses may be of egg box or honey comb configuration and may be of thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the desired panel.
The invention also includes a fire resistant panel/composite comprising a fire resistant panel as hereinbefore defined, sandwiched between- outer facing layers.
In order that the invention and its various other preferred features may be understood more easily, an embodiment thereof and its method of manufacture will be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of a fire resistant panel, constructed in accordance with the invention, before removal from a mould.
Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of a panel/composite incorporating a fire resistant panel and constructed in accordance with the invention.
Figure 3 is a plan view showing a portion of a layer of material of honey comb configuration suitable for use in the construction of Figures 1 and 2.
Referring now to Figure 1 a mould for producing a fire resistant panel comprises a rectangular frame 10 of wood, metal or a plastics material and a base plate 11 to which the frame 10 can be removably secured e.g. by clamping. The frame 10 is preferably of substantially the same depth as the thickness of a panel to be manufactured. Into this mould a rectangular sheet 12 of a paper or cardboard material which is preformed with cavities or recesses 13 and which is of dimensions substantially equal to the internal dimensions of the mould is now introduced into the mould.
The mould is provided with a lining 14 of a release agent or material, e.g. heavy duty polythene sheet, prior to the introduction of the sheet 12. The sheet 12 is flexible and of a honey comb configuration as shown in Figure 3. A foamed magnesium oxychloride cement having a density of approximately 0.7gm/cm3 may be introduced. In this embodiment the layer is of a thickness substantially equal to the depth of the mould.
The cement is now tamped or otherwise consolidated so that it forms a smooth faced layer with the layer 12 embedded therein.
When the cement has hardened the moulded panel is removed from the mould the lining 14 preventing the panel from sticking to the frame 10 and base plate 11.
The described method of moulding provides a panel which by virtue of the layer of material of honey comb configuration is resistant to distortion by fire.
The use of a paper or cardboard material in the moulding does not seriously influence the fire resistance of the core despite its extension between opposite faces of the panel. One suitable material for the reinforcing layer is a moulded paper or cardboard layer of a type such as is often used to form the core of hollow doors. Such a material is available under the Registered Trade Mark DUFAYLITE. It is envisaged that materials having greater fire resistance than paper or carboard could be employed.
Although the layer of material 12 in the described embodiment is of honey comb configuration other configurations of layers which are preformed with cavities or recesses to provide a cellular structure may be employed e.g. egg box or mesh structures.
The magnesia cement employed in the moulding can have a density falling in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 gm/cm3. Examples of alternative magnesia cement materials suitable for use in producing a panel in accordance with the invention are magnesium oxysulphate. magnesium oxyphosphate and magnesium oxysulphite. Mixtures of any of the suitable magnesia cement materials may also be employed.
The magnesia cement may contain any of the following additives:-- fillers e.g. sand, pulverised ash, expanded perlite (Registered Trade Mark) or vermiculite; fibrous materials e.g. glass fibre; and pigments.
A panel/composite constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention is illustrated in Figure 2 and comprises a panel 15 constructed in a manner as previously described. The panel is sandwiched between two door facings 16 and 17 of any suitable material e.g. ply wood and is bonded thereto.
The panel/composite is particularly suitable for the construction of a fire resistant door.
The method employed in constructing the panel/composite of Figure 2 is as follows 1. The lower facing panel 17 which may be of any suitable material e.g. wood, metal or plastics is placed on a flat surface and forms the base of the mould; 2. A dismountable frame similar to the frame 10 of Figure 1 is now placed on the panel 17 so as to circumscribe the panel and is clamped thereon; 3. A release agent or layer is applied to the inner surface of the frame; 4. A sheet of preformed material similar to 12 in Figure 1 is now layed in the mould; 5. The cement material is now introduced into the mould and is tamped to effect consolidation so as to be level with the top of the frame; 6.The upper facing panel 16 which is similar to panel 17 is now placed on top of the frame and the whole assembly is placed in a press which presses the panels 16 and 17 in a direction relatively towards each other.
7. The cement is allowed to harden whereupon the assembly is removed from the press and the frame is removed to leave the panel/composite.
The use of a release agent or layer in the production of panels/composites can be dispensed with if the frame or frame and base panel are formed of a material to which the cement does not stick e.g. a plastics material.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A fire resistant panel comprising a layer of magnesia cement material with an integral layer of a material which is preformed with cavities or recesses to provide a cellular structure.
2. A panel as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the layer preformed with cavities or recesses is of egg box or honey comb configuration.
3. A panel as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 wherein the layer preformed with cavities or recesses is of thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the desired panel.
4. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the layer preformed with cavities or recesses is formed from paper or cardboard.
5. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxychloride.
6. A panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxysulphate.
7. A panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxyphosphate.
8. A panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxysulphate.
9. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the magnesia cement material contains one or more of the additives sand, pulverised ash, vermiculite, glass fibre and pigment.
10. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the magnesia cement is foamed.
11. A panel as claimed in claim 10, wherein the foamed cement has a density falling within the range 0.2 to 1.0 gm/cm3.
12. A panel as claimed in claim 11, wherein the density of the foamed material is 0.7 gm/cm3.
13. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, and comprising a facing
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (13)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. consolidated so that it forms a smooth faced layer with the layer 12 embedded therein. When the cement has hardened the moulded panel is removed from the mould the lining 14 preventing the panel from sticking to the frame 10 and base plate 11. The described method of moulding provides a panel which by virtue of the layer of material of honey comb configuration is resistant to distortion by fire. The use of a paper or cardboard material in the moulding does not seriously influence the fire resistance of the core despite its extension between opposite faces of the panel. One suitable material for the reinforcing layer is a moulded paper or cardboard layer of a type such as is often used to form the core of hollow doors. Such a material is available under the Registered Trade Mark DUFAYLITE. It is envisaged that materials having greater fire resistance than paper or carboard could be employed. Although the layer of material 12 in the described embodiment is of honey comb configuration other configurations of layers which are preformed with cavities or recesses to provide a cellular structure may be employed e.g. egg box or mesh structures. The magnesia cement employed in the moulding can have a density falling in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 gm/cm3. Examples of alternative magnesia cement materials suitable for use in producing a panel in accordance with the invention are magnesium oxysulphate. magnesium oxyphosphate and magnesium oxysulphite. Mixtures of any of the suitable magnesia cement materials may also be employed. The magnesia cement may contain any of the following additives:-- fillers e.g. sand, pulverised ash, expanded perlite (Registered Trade Mark) or vermiculite; fibrous materials e.g. glass fibre; and pigments. A panel/composite constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention is illustrated in Figure 2 and comprises a panel 15 constructed in a manner as previously described. The panel is sandwiched between two door facings 16 and 17 of any suitable material e.g. ply wood and is bonded thereto. The panel/composite is particularly suitable for the construction of a fire resistant door. The method employed in constructing the panel/composite of Figure 2 is as follows 1. The lower facing panel 17 which may be of any suitable material e.g. wood, metal or plastics is placed on a flat surface and forms the base of the mould; 2. A dismountable frame similar to the frame 10 of Figure 1 is now placed on the panel 17 so as to circumscribe the panel and is clamped thereon; 3. A release agent or layer is applied to the inner surface of the frame; 4. A sheet of preformed material similar to 12 in Figure 1 is now layed in the mould; 5. The cement material is now introduced into the mould and is tamped to effect consolidation so as to be level with the top of the frame; 6.The upper facing panel 16 which is similar to panel 17 is now placed on top of the frame and the whole assembly is placed in a press which presses the panels 16 and 17 in a direction relatively towards each other. 7. The cement is allowed to harden whereupon the assembly is removed from the press and the frame is removed to leave the panel/composite. The use of a release agent or layer in the production of panels/composites can be dispensed with if the frame or frame and base panel are formed of a material to which the cement does not stick e.g. a plastics material. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A fire resistant panel comprising a layer of magnesia cement material with an integral layer of a material which is preformed with cavities or recesses to provide a cellular structure.
2. A panel as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the layer preformed with cavities or recesses is of egg box or honey comb configuration.
3. A panel as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 wherein the layer preformed with cavities or recesses is of thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the desired panel.
4. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the layer preformed with cavities or recesses is formed from paper or cardboard.
5. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxychloride.
6. A panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxysulphate.
7. A panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxyphosphate.
8. A panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnesia cement material is magnesium oxysulphate.
9. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the magnesia cement material contains one or more of the additives sand, pulverised ash, vermiculite, glass fibre and pigment.
10. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the magnesia cement is foamed.
11. A panel as claimed in claim 10, wherein the foamed cement has a density falling within the range 0.2 to 1.0 gm/cm3.
12. A panel as claimed in claim 11, wherein the density of the foamed material is 0.7 gm/cm3.
13. A panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, and comprising a facing
GB40614/77A 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Fire resistant panels Expired GB1601948A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB40614/77A GB1601948A (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Fire resistant panels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB40614/77A GB1601948A (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Fire resistant panels

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1601948A true GB1601948A (en) 1981-11-04

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ID=10415765

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB40614/77A Expired GB1601948A (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Fire resistant panels

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1601948A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2129475A (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-05-16 Tarmac Ind Holdings Ltd Fire door made of g.r.c. only
FR2550313A1 (en) * 1983-08-04 1985-02-08 Micropore International Ltd THERMAL INSULATION MATERIAL OF MANUFACTURABLE AND WORN SHAPE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
GB2356649A (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-30 Schreinerel Schneider Ag Fire resistant sandwich plate

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2129475A (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-05-16 Tarmac Ind Holdings Ltd Fire door made of g.r.c. only
FR2550313A1 (en) * 1983-08-04 1985-02-08 Micropore International Ltd THERMAL INSULATION MATERIAL OF MANUFACTURABLE AND WORN SHAPE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
GB2144675A (en) * 1983-08-04 1985-03-13 Micropore International Ltd Handleable shapes of thermal insulation material
GB2356649A (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-30 Schreinerel Schneider Ag Fire resistant sandwich plate
GB2356649B (en) * 1999-11-12 2004-01-21 Schreinerel Schneider Ag Fire-resistant sandwich plate

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee