GB1592341A - Dry bearing material - Google Patents
Dry bearing material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1592341A GB1592341A GB2482/78A GB248278A GB1592341A GB 1592341 A GB1592341 A GB 1592341A GB 2482/78 A GB2482/78 A GB 2482/78A GB 248278 A GB248278 A GB 248278A GB 1592341 A GB1592341 A GB 1592341A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- bearing material
- ptfe
- dry bearing
- dry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=S PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000357293 Leptobrama muelleri Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0094—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with organic materials as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. resin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
(54) DRY BEARING MATERIAL
(71) We, KARL SCHMIDT GmbH, a body corporate organised under the laws of the
German Federal Republic, of Christian-Schmidt
Strasse 8/12, 7107 Neckarsulm, German
Federal Republic, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to a dry bearing material.
Polytetrafluoroethylene, hereinafter abbreviated to PTFE, possesses, in a unique manner, very advantageous properties, including low frictional resistance, a large temperature working range of-200 to +2800C, chemical inertness and absolute resistance to solvents and water, which properties make it useful as a dry bearing material.
However, the use of PTFE as a massive bearing material is restricted to low loadings because of the low strength, high thermal expansion and low thermal conductivity of
PTFE. A further reason for the limited use of
PTFE is its high price.
It has been proposed to produce a plain bearing by applying a layer of PTFE on to the surface of a porous metallic structure produced by sintering metallic powder and forcing the
PTFE into at least the surface pores of the metallic structure by the application of pres
sure. In producing such a bearing a copper-tinlead of e.g. 80: 10: 10 composition is applied on
to a copper-plated steel strip and sintered to produce a porous structure the pores of which
are filled to a depth of at least 0.762 to 1.016 mm. with PTFE.
A dry bearing material has been also pro
posed in which a porour layer of tin bronze is
sintered on to a copper-plated steel back and
the pores are filled up with a mixture of
PTFE and lead powder, there additionally
being present a covering layer of the same
mixture (ATZ 62 , 6, 1960, pp. 154-157). In
this dry bearing material, the remarkable dry
running properties of PTFE are combined
with the good properties of s self-lubricating
metal bearing in regard to good thermal con
ductivity and low thermal expansion as well
as high loading capacity.
During the short running-in period, of a journal or like member in a dry bearing of the dry bearing material, some of the covering layer of PTFE-lead mixture is transferred to the surface of the journal or the like, and unevennesses are thus equalised, a running surface with low co-efficient of friction and low wear being formed. During this running-in, the bearing surface frequently assumes a greygreen colour and covering-layer material present in excess is worn away in extremely fine particles. After the running-in, the surface of the journal or the like slides on the porous metallic carrier layer and the pore-filling mixture of PTFE and lead powder immediately again forms a film as a result of the higher expansion coefficient, whereby in this previously proposed dry bearing material the low wear and the low coefficient of friction are
achieved.
In view of the aim further to lower the
repair costs and energy costs, e.g. in general mechanical engineering and plant construction,
in vehicle and aircraft construction, as well as
in electrical appliance manufacture and in
precision instrument technology, dry bearing
materials are today demanded which have a still lower wear and coefficient of friction.
It is therefore an object of the present
invention to take account of these criteria
but in particular without negatively influencing
the loading capacity.
According to the present invention there is
provided a dry bearing material, wherein the
material comprises a metallic supporting layer
on to which is sintered a porous metallic carrier layer which is 0.1 to 0.5 mm. thick and
which consists of an alloy of the composition
0.5 to 50% by weight of lead and 0.5 to 20% by weight of tin, the remainder being copper,
the metallic supporting layer comprising a
metallic backing layer and a metallic inter
mediate layer arranged between the backing
layer and the carrier layer, and wherein the
pores of the carrier layer and filled completely with a mateiral comprising PTFE alone or
mixed with one or more substances which
improve the sliding and a layer of such
material is present in a thickness of up to 50 um over the carrier layer.
Preferably, the alloy is composed of S to 25% by weight of lead and 5 to 15% of tin, the remainder being copper.
The present dry bearing material is an improvement over the previously proposed material because the lead incorporated in the individual particles of the porous sintered carrier layer is available in extremely finely divided form as additional lubricant during contact of the surface of the joumal or the like with the carrier layer, and, as a result, the coefficient of friction and wear are considerably reduced.
The metallic intermediate layer preferably consists of copper, and may be plated onto the backing layer.
The PTFE which fills the pores of the carrier layer and which is present in a thickness of up to 50 pm over the carrier layer may, if desired, contain one or more substances which improve the sliding properties, such as molybdenum sulphide (MoS2), graphite, lead monoxide (PbO), a polyamide, a polyimide or a microencapsulated lubricant. The PTFE may contain up to 20% by weight of one or more of said substances, but, in the case where a polyamide or polyimide is present, the proportion thereof may be larger than the proportion of PTFE.
Comparative experiments between slide bearings consisting of the previously proposed dry bearing material and slide bearings made from a dry bearing material according to the present invention have shown that the life of the dry bearing material according to the present invention is greater by more than 100%.
Plain bearing bushes to be compared made of the aforesaid previously proposed dry bearing material comprised an approximately 030 mm thick layer of tin bronze powder porously sintered on to a steel backing layer which had been copper-plated to provide an intermediate layer of copper. The pores had been completely filled up in a rolling process with a mixture of
PTFE (80% by volume) and lead powder (20% by volume), and there was additionally present thereon an approximately 20 pm thick covering layer of the same mixture.
Part of a plain bearing bush made of the dry bearing material according to the invention, is shown diagrammatically in cross-section in
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, (the intermediate layer not being shown), and, in contrast to the prior art, instead of the porous tin bronze layer there is sintered on to the copper-plated steel back 2 a porous carrier layer 1 consisting of 10% by weight of lead and 10% by weight of tin, the remainder copper, the pores being filled with the aforesaid
PTFE-lead powder mixture 3, which also forms a covering layer.
In carrying out experiments to compare the two plain bearing bushes, a slide speed v of 1.5 m/s and a specific loading of 33.5 N/cm2 were used.
Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings shows the average values of running time L, total wear G, wear per hour V and coefficient of friction R from experiments with, in each case, (a) 10 plain bearing bushes according to the prior art and (b) 10 plain bearing bushes according to the invention contrasted in the form of column diagrams, all values being expressed as percentages.
The same total wear, comprising wear during running-in and operational wear, has been chosen as a reference basis.
The dry slide bearings according to the invention showed, in comparison with the dry slide bearings according to the prior art, a running time higher by 187%, a wear per hour lower by 64% and a coefficient of friction lower by 20%.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A dry bearing material, wherein the material comprises a metallic supporting layer on to which is sintered a porous metallic carrier layer which is 0.1 to 0.5 mm. thick and which consists of an alloy of the composition 0.5 to 50% by weight of lead and 0.5 to 20% by weight of tin, the remainder being copper, the metallic supporting layer comprising a metallic backing layer and a metallic intermediate layer arranged between the backing layer and the carrier layer, and wherein the pores of the carrier layer are filled completely with a material comprising PTFE alone or mixed with one or more substances which improve the sliding and a layer of such material is present in a thickness of up to 50 calm over the carrier layer.
2. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 1, wherein the carrier layer consists of an alloy of the composition 5 to 25% by weight of lead and 5 to 15% by weight of tin, the remainder being copper.
3. A dry bearing material as claimedin
Claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate layer is plated onto the backing layer.
4. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 3, wherein the intermediate layer is copper.
5. A dry bearing material as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the material(s) present in the PTFE to improve the sliding is (are) selected from molybdenum sulphide, graphite, lead monoxide, a polyamide, a polyimide or a micro-encapsulated lubricant.
6. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 5, wherein the PTFE contains up to 20% by weight of one or more of said material(s) to improve the sliding.
7. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 5, wherein the proportion of polyamide or of polyimide is larger than the proportion of
PTFE.
8. A dry bearing material in accordance with
Claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
9. A bearing made with the dry bearing material claimed in any preceding claim.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (9)
1. A dry bearing material, wherein the material comprises a metallic supporting layer on to which is sintered a porous metallic carrier layer which is 0.1 to 0.5 mm. thick and which consists of an alloy of the composition 0.5 to 50% by weight of lead and 0.5 to 20% by weight of tin, the remainder being copper, the metallic supporting layer comprising a metallic backing layer and a metallic intermediate layer arranged between the backing layer and the carrier layer, and wherein the pores of the carrier layer are filled completely with a material comprising PTFE alone or mixed with one or more substances which improve the sliding and a layer of such material is present in a thickness of up to 50 calm over the carrier layer.
2. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 1, wherein the carrier layer consists of an alloy of the composition 5 to 25% by weight of lead and 5 to 15% by weight of tin, the remainder being copper.
3. A dry bearing material as claimedin
Claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate layer is plated onto the backing layer.
4. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 3, wherein the intermediate layer is copper.
5. A dry bearing material as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the material(s) present in the PTFE to improve the sliding is (are) selected from molybdenum sulphide, graphite, lead monoxide, a polyamide, a polyimide or a micro-encapsulated lubricant.
6. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 5, wherein the PTFE contains up to 20% by weight of one or more of said material(s) to improve the sliding.
7. A dry bearing material as claimed in
Claim 5, wherein the proportion of polyamide or of polyimide is larger than the proportion of
PTFE.
8. A dry bearing material in accordance with
Claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
9. A bearing made with the dry bearing material claimed in any preceding claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19772702599 DE2702599A1 (en) | 1977-01-22 | 1977-01-22 | DRY STORAGE MATERIAL |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1592341A true GB1592341A (en) | 1981-07-08 |
Family
ID=5999299
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2482/78A Expired GB1592341A (en) | 1977-01-22 | 1978-01-20 | Dry bearing material |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2702599A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2378203A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1592341A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7819349A0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000028226A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-18 | Ks Gleitlager Gmbh | Rolled-up plain bearing bush |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3027409A1 (en) * | 1980-07-19 | 1982-02-25 | Karl Schmidt Gmbh, 7107 Neckarsulm | COMPOSITE SLIDE BEARING MATERIAL |
| IT1178784B (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1987-09-16 | Samim Soc Azionaria Minero Met | COMPOSITE MATERIAL |
| US4868066A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1989-09-19 | Macdermid, Incorporated | Mechanically plated coatings containing lubricant particles |
| DE19506684A1 (en) * | 1995-02-25 | 1996-09-05 | Glyco Metall Werke | Self-lubricating bearing material and plain bearing with such a bearing material |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3969232A (en) * | 1974-01-25 | 1976-07-13 | Sargent Industries, Inc. | Bearing and bearing liner wear resistant compliant layer |
| DE2601647A1 (en) * | 1975-01-20 | 1976-07-22 | Garlock Inc | BEARING DIMENSIONS, SLIDING BEARINGS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF |
-
1977
- 1977-01-22 DE DE19772702599 patent/DE2702599A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-12-09 FR FR7737223A patent/FR2378203A1/en active Pending
-
1978
- 1978-01-18 IT IT7819349A patent/IT7819349A0/en unknown
- 1978-01-20 GB GB2482/78A patent/GB1592341A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000028226A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-18 | Ks Gleitlager Gmbh | Rolled-up plain bearing bush |
| DE19851759C2 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-10-12 | Ks Gleitlager Gmbh | Rolled plain bearing bush |
| US6464396B1 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 2002-10-15 | Ks Gleitlager Gmbh | Rolled-up plain bearing bush |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7819349A0 (en) | 1978-01-18 |
| FR2378203A1 (en) | 1978-08-18 |
| DE2702599A1 (en) | 1978-07-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19980119 |