GB1587329A - Method of and an apparatus for recirculating a liquid cleaning agent - Google Patents
Method of and an apparatus for recirculating a liquid cleaning agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1587329A GB1587329A GB18924/78A GB1892478A GB1587329A GB 1587329 A GB1587329 A GB 1587329A GB 18924/78 A GB18924/78 A GB 18924/78A GB 1892478 A GB1892478 A GB 1892478A GB 1587329 A GB1587329 A GB 1587329A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning
- bath
- cleaning agent
- liquid
- cleaning bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 113
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 236
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/14—Removing waste, e.g. labels, from cleaning liquid; Regenerating cleaning liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/083—Removing scrap from containers, e.g. removing labels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
Description
(54) A METHOD OF AND AN APPARATUS FOR RECIRCULATING A
LIQUID CLEANING AGENT
(71) We, SEITZ-WERKE GmbH, of 6550 Bad Kreuznach, Postfach 1049 Federal
Republic of Germany, a limited liability company organised under the laws of the
Federal Republic of Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:: The present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for re-circulating a liquid cleaning agent (i.e. wash liquor) in a cleaning machine, in which the articles to be cleaned are conducted through at least one cleaning bath containing the liquor and maintained at a raised temperature, wherein the liquor is conducted in continuous circulation from the first cleaning bath, which receives the articles to be cleaned, possibly after simple preliminary soaking, through separator means for the removal of impurities such as labels or particles of dirt and then back into this bath. The cleaning machine finds use in cleaning bottles. Attempts have been made to increase the useful life of wash liquor in cleaning machines, particularly bottle cleaning machines. One of the reasons is the saving in the cost of cleaning agent.A determining factor also is the need to dispose of the used liquor in an environmentally acceptable manner, which is complied with by substantially reducing the quantity of wash liquor requiring disposal.
Attempts have already been made to increase the useful life of wash liquor in machines for cleaning containers, particularly bottle cleaning machines, by causing the contents of the wash liquor baths, especially of the first cleaning bath containing liquor, to be cycled during use through separators, in order to remove ]abels and particles of dirt (see in particular ,DT-OS 22 64 219 and TECHNICAL QUAR
TERLY vol. 5-1). These possibilities are, however, very expensive and detract in other respects from the operation of the cleaning machines, since the entire liquor used in the machine is maintained in continuous circulation and considerable quantities of wash liquor must be continuously drawn from the machine and returned back to it.Apart from the considerable transportation problem of large quantities of liquor arising therefrom, in these hitherto known methods, the maintenance of complete effectiveness of the liquor is also virtually impossible, as the maintenance of an optimum liquor temperature can only be achieved, if indeed at all, with exceptional difficulty and the use of very high quantities of heating energy is necessary for this purpose. With these hitherto known devices and methods, moreover, this composition of the liquor deteriorates continually during the circulation, especially by the addition of soluble foreign substances and the removal of cleaning agent, with the result that the efficiency of the cleaning process decreases and premature changing of the liquor becomes necessary.
Compensation of wash liquor loss and cleaning agent consumption is also known from DT-OS 1 800 586.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of recirculating liquid cleaning agent contained in at least one cleaning bath of a cleaning machine for articles, which cleaning bath receives the articles to be cleaned and is maintained at a temperature above the ambient temperature, wherein the liquid cleaning agent is conducted from the at least one cleaning bath through separator means to remove particles therefrom, the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent through the separator means being controlled to correspond to an hourly change of a predetermined fraction or multiple of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath, the concentration of the purified liquid cleaning agent from the separator means is monitored before its reintroduction into the at least one cleaning bath to regulate the amount, if any, of additional cleaning agent to be supplied to the at least one cleaning bath, and any additional liquid for the cleaning agent is introduced into the at least one cleaning bath in dependence upon the level of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
Preferably, the predetermined multiple may be either one or three. Preferably, the predetermined fraction may be one-third.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided an apparatus for re-circulating a liquid cleaning agent contained in an least one cleaning bath of a cleaning machine for articles, which cleaning bath is arranged to receive the articles to be cleaned and to be maintained at a temperature above the ambient temperature, the apparatus comprising a liquid cleaning agent flow circuit provided with a discharge and a return line for connection to an outlet and an inlet, respectively, of the at least one cleaning bath, the discharge line being provided
With pump means to pump the liquid cleaning agent from the at least one cleaning bath into the flow circuit, and the return line being provided with separator means to remove any particles from the liquid cleaning agent, an outlet of the separator means being provided with valve means to control the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent in the flow circuit, and with monitoring means to monitor the purified liquid cleaning agent from the separator means, means controllable by the monitoring means to supply any additional amount of cleaning agent to the at least one cleaning bath, and means to introduce any additional liquid for the cleaning agent into the at least one bath in dependence upon the level of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
Advantageously, impurities may be continually removed from the wash liquor in the cleaning machine to achieve an equilibrium state between the impurities continually introduced into the liquor and the impurities continually removed from the liquor and also between the consumed and added quantities of liquor, all with a minimum expenditure on equipment, in such a manner that the life of the wash liquor is no longer determined by the quantity of impurities absorbed by the liquor and of the wash liquor constituents thereby consumed.
Advantageously, the flow rate of liquor conducted through the circuit containing the separator may be equal to an hourly change of approximately the total quantity of liquor in the first cleaning bath up to several times this total quantity and that the concentration of the purified portion of the liquor before being introduced again into the first cleaning bath is continually measured in order to control the addition of cleaning agent into this bath and the make-up of the quantity of liquid is effected by introducing water into the first cleaning bath, under control by means of a measurement of the liquor level in this bath.
Advantageously, the continuous drawing off of impurities from the liquor may be restricted to the first cleaning bath. Also, only a limited portion of the liquor contained in the first cleaning bath may be conducted into the circuit. This is based upon the knowledge that the useful life of the liquor is determined by the impurities introduced with the articles to be cleaned into the first cleaning bath containing liquor and by the resultant consumption of cleaning substance, whereas the pollution is considerably less in the subsequent cleaning baths and practically does not influence the life of the liquor in the cleaning machine. An equilibrium may be achieved between the impurities introduced into the first cleaning bath and continually separated there and also between the consumption of cleaning substance and the make-up of cleaning substance.It might at first be assumed that this equilibrium might be more favourably and effectively adjusted if more wash liquor were continuously conducted into the circuit and through the separator. In actual fact, however, it has been found that if the quantity of wash liquor conducted through the circuit comprising the separator is increased, practically no improvement in the equilibrium is achieved, and considerable problems arise in respect of the loss of thermal energy and cleaning substance and the extraordinarily high expenditure on equipment; these problems may be minimised by limiting the quantity of wash liquor conducted through the circuit. It has been found in experiments with a method embodying the invention that the concentration of wash liquor in the first cleaning bath can be set lower than was previously possible.Apart from the adjusting of a state of equilibrium between the impurities introduced and those separated out, the liquor in the first cleaning bath is also continuously maintained in the selected operating conditions in regard to concentration and quantity, in that the losses of wash liquor resulting from entraining of the liquor by the articles to be cleaned and during separation of the liquor and the unavoidable consumption of cleaning agent by the impurities are continuously compensated.
In a method embodying the invention as a result of the continuous conducting of a portion of the liquor from the first cleaning bath through a separator circuit, the impurities may now combine with only a considerably smaller proportion of cleaning agent and the concentration of the purified liquor coming from the separator provides an especially useful guide to the state of the liquor, so that the control of the dosing of cleaning agent into the liquor on the basis of readings of the concentration of the purified portion of the liquor coming from the separator ensures the maintenance of optimum wash liquor conditions. It is also possible for all the cleaning measures to be carried out on the liquor alone by the separation of impurities from the portion of the liquor conducted in the circuit through the separator.It has, however, proved to be advantageous to retain the sieving of the liquor in the first cleaning bath forthe purpose of removing coarse impurities such as labels, which is already carried out in cleaning machines, especially bottle cleaning machines, and to pass that portion of the liquor which is to be conducted through the separator into the separator circuit after this sieving operation. The portion of the liquor conducted into the separator circuit is thus already freed from coarse impurities, so that an exceptionally fine separation can be carried out.
To make up the quantity of wash liquor, fresh water can be added to the first cleaning bath in an appropriate controlled quantity. For reasons of energy economy in the cleaning machine and further saving of cleaning agents, use can preferably be made of hot water, which has previously been utilised in an intermediate spraying operation of the articles after they have left the last cleaning bath containing liquor. The heat content of this hot water is thus credited to the first cleaning bath, together with the cleaning agent contained in this water and washed off the articles.Since the quantity of hot water required for making up the first cleaning bath is considerably less than the production of hot water in the intermediate spraying stage, a sufficiently large quantity of hot water still remains for supplying in a conventional manner a preliminary soaking bath in the cleaning machine. Advantageously, it is possible intermittently, for example at weekends, for the entire quantity of liquor from the first cleaning bath to be stored in a receiving container for the settling of impurities and then to be conducted back into the first cleaning bath through a separating process. It is of itself known for the liquor from cleaning machines to be inetermittently conducted into receiving contrainers, in order to clean the bath vessel and at the same time to remove in particular settled impurities and coarse impurities such as fragments of pottery.In addition to these cleaning operations on the bath vessel, however, as a result of the temporary storage of the entire liquor in a receiving container, a settling out of impurities affecting the entire wash liquor is rendered possible, which can then be amplified still further by a separating operation, as is continuously carried out during the running of the cleaning machine on only a portion of the liquor from the first cleaning bath. By this combined settling and separation operation applied to the entire wash liquor, the growth of moulds and forming of odours attributable to impurities in the liquor, which would necessitate the premature disposal of the liquor is avoided.A separating operation can also be carried out when the liquor is transferred from the first cleaning bath into the receiving container, so that the liquor arrives in the receiving container in an already largely purified state,
The precipitation of impurities from the liquor can be intensified in its effectiveness by adding to the liquor in the receiving vessel already known agents which intensify the precipitation of impurities. The period of maintenance of the liquor in the receiving container, can for example, range from 24 to about 69 hours. This time is in general available over a weekend. It is, however, also conceivable to operate cleaning machines, especially fairly large bottle cleaning machines, with two charges of wash liquor of the first cleaning bath, which are alternately maintained in operation and in the receiving vessel.
A device embodying the invention for increasing the useful life of wash liquor in cleaning machines, especially bottle cleaning machines, in which the articles to be cleaned are conducted through at least one cleaning bath maintained at high temperature and filled with liquor, comprises a closed wash liquor circuit comprising a pump and separator connected by draw-off line and return line to the first cleaning bath filled with liquor.In such a device the wash liquor circuit may contain, at the outlet from the separator for the purified liquor, a valve for shutting off the liquor circuit and for setting the flow rate in the liquor circuit and also a meter for reading the electrical conductivity of the purified liquor, and that a dosing device regulated from this meter for the purpose of introducing cleaning agent into the bath and a water supply regulated from a water level meter mounted in the cleaning bath are associated with the first cleaning bath.
By the co-operation of these components, a portion of the liquor from the first cleaning bath can be continuously conducted in bypass through the separator in the wash liquor circuit With the valve mounted at the outlet from the separator, the flow rate of liquor conducted through such a bypass can be set in such a manner that, firstly an optimum precipitation of impurities is attained at the separator, and secondly the quantity of liquor flowing though the bypass is sufficient for maintaining in a range of relatively low bath pollution a state of equilibrium between the impurities added to the bath by the articles to be cleaned and the impurities separated by the separator.As a guide line for the flow rate of wash liquor to be conducted in bypass, an hourly change equal to about three times the total quantity of liquor in the first cleaning bath can, for example, be assumed. In co-operation with this bypassing, the dosed make-up of cleaning agent into the bath is carried out on the basis of the electrical conductivity of the purified liquor measured in the bypass and the controlled make-up of water is carried out on the basis of the liquid level measured in the cleaning bath.
In one embodiment of the invention, the separator is constructed in the manner of a plate centrifuge. Preferably, it may be a two-chamber separator, which comprises an internal liquid circuit and a viewing opening for observing the purified liquor. The valve mounted at the outlet from the separator for purified liquor is preferably a shut-off valve with an adjustable aperture. This shut-off valve is initially kept closed as the process is started up, until the wash liquor observed at the viewing opening of the separator is clear. It is then opened sufficiently far for a clear, purified liquor to leave the separator, that is to say no notable cloudiness can any longer be observed in the liquor.
The outlet and inlet for the liquor are preferably at opposite sides of the first cleaning bath, so that as little purified liquor as possible can pass from the inlet to the outlet.
Preferably, the first cleaning bath may contain devices for circulating and sieving the wash liquor in such a manner that a chamber for sieved liquor exists behind the sieve.
The liquor discharge line leading to the separator may then be connected to these chambers, so that the liquor shall not pass into the circuit containing the separator until it has passed through the sieve, and is therefore in the sieved state.
Preferably, a capacitive level meter for the wash liquor may be mounted in the first cleaning bath, a water line with shut-off valve controlled from this level meter leading into the bath. The capacitive level meter provides not only an especially high degree of measuring accuracy but also good facilities for regulating the shut-off valve for the make-up water. This therefore prevents fluctuations in concentration due to inaccurate water make-up occurring in the liquor and prevents the control of metering for the make-up of cleaning agent also possibly becoming unstable in consequence.
In one embodiment of the invention, a second circuit containing a receiving container of at least equal capacity to the first cleaning bath is connected to the wash liquor circuit containing the separator by means of three-way valves in such a manner that the separator can be connected into the return line from the receiving container to the first cleaning bath. The valve arrangement may be such that the separator can be optionally connected either into the liquor flow line from the first cleaning bath to the receiving container or into the liquor return line from the receiving container to the first cleaning bath. Preferably, the base region of the receiving container may be formed to collect impurities precipitating out of the liquor. It can also be equipped with devices for the introduction of agents for accelerating or intensifying the precipitation of impurities.
It is of advantage for the component parts; especially the lines of the wash liquor circuit containing the separator and perhaps also the parts of the second circuit, to be thermally insulated. By this thermal insulation, the result is achieved that, particularly in the circuit containing the separator through which liquor flows during operation of the cleaning machine, no excessive heat loss occurs, so that the energy economy of the cleaning machine is not substantially adversely affected by this wash liquor circuit.
Embodiments of the invention will now be more particularly described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 shows an apparatus embodying the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a view of the embodiment corresponding to Fig. 1 with a modification; and
Fig. 3 shows a partial view of a bottle cleaning machine with connection to an apparatus embodying the invention.
Referring now to the drawings, there is shown in Fig. 1, a bottle cleaning machine 11 provided with a first cleaning bath 12, containing wash liquor and having an outlet
13 on one side and an inlet 14 on the opposite side. From the outlet 13, a thermally insulated line 16 is connected via a wash liquor pump 15 to a first three-way valve 17 and to a second three-way valve 18 disposed downstream. A thermally insulated line 19 leads from the second three-way valve 18 into the dirty side inlet of a two-chamber
separator 20, formed in the manner of a plate centrifuge. A viewing opening 22 for the purified liquor is provided at the outlet 21 from this separator 20, to enable a visual control to establish whether the liquor passing into the outlet 21 is clear. The separator 20 also comprises an outlet 23 for the precipitated impurities which may be removed from time to time.
At the outlet 21 for the purified wash liquor, a shut-off valve 24 with adjustable
aperture is fitted, from which a thermally
insulated line 25 leads to a meter 26 for electrical conductivity of the purified liquor
to be introduced into the first cleaning bath
12, this meter being disposed immediately
before the inlet 14 to this bath 12. A control
device 27 for the dosing pump 28 of a clean
ing agent dosing device 29 is connected the meter 26. The dosing device 29, is, as indicated by the feed line 30, directly associated with the first cleaning bath 12, i.e. the dosed make-up of cleaning agent is introduced directly into the bath 12 of the bottle cleaning machine 11.
Since the bottles leaving the first cleaning bath 12 carry wash liquor from this bath and also the impurities leaving the outlet 23 of the separator 20 contain wash liquor, it is necessary for the liquor in the cleaning bath 12 to be replenished during operation.
For this purpose, the bath 12 possesses a capacitive wash liquor level meter 31 and a water feed line 32 comprising a shut-off valve 33 regulated from the level meter 31.
The water feed 32 may be connected via the
shut-off valve 33 to a fresh water line 34.
In the interests of energy saving in the bottle cleaning machine 11, it is recommended that the hot water originating from the intermediate spraying station 35 after the last liquor bath should be drawn upon via feed line 36 for making up the first liquor bath
12. According to Fig. 1, both possibilities are provided, in that a shut-off valve 37 is provided in the fresh water line 34 and a shut-off valve 38 in the hot water line 36, either of which may be opened as desired.
-As shown in Fig. l, a second circuit 41, 43 is connected at the three-way valves 17 and 18 to the wash liquor circuit 16,-19, 21, -25 containing the separator - 20. In this second circuit, a receiving container 40 is connected, the capacity of which is at least as large as that of the first cleaning bath 12.
The flow line 41 of the second circuit leading from the three-way valve 17 to the container 40 is followed at the outlet from the container 40 by the return line 43 incorporating a wash liquor pump 42 and leading to the three-way valve 18.
In Fig. 2, which is a modification of Fig.
1, a three-way valve 44 is incorporated into the return line 25 between the valve 24 and the meter 26. Furthermore, between the three-way valve 17 and the flow line 41 of the second wash liquor circuit 41, 43 a threeway valve 45 is incorporated. An additional connecting line 46 is also incorporated between the three-way valves 44 and 45.
Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a portion of a bottle cleaning machine 11, which contains a first cleaning bath 12 filled with wash liquor. The bottles to be cleaned flow out of this first cleaning bath 12 through a follower splash device 50 into a wash liquor spraying station 51 and thence into a second wash liquor bath 52. From the second liquor bath 52, the bottles pass into the intermediate spraying station 53, where they are sprayed with hot water. The hot water used in this spraying station 53 is collected in a spray trough 54, whence it is conducted partly to the hot water line 36 shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 and for the remaining part to a preliminary soaking station (not shown).
In Fig. 3, a bath cleaning device 55, which contains a sieve 56 for sieving out coarse impurities, is connected at the right side to the first cleaning path 12. Beneath this sieve 56 there is a chamber 57, from which the sieved liquor is recycled back into the cleaning bath 12, via a passage 58. In addition, the outlet 13 leading to the circuit
16, 19, 21, 25, containing the separator 20, is connected to the chamber 57, so that sieved liquor passes out of the chamber 57 into this circuit.
In operation, by means of the wash liquor pump 15, liquor is continually drawn off at
the outlet 13 from the first cleaning blath 12, preferably from the chamber 57. of the bottle cleaning machine 11, and is pumped through 'the line 16, the appropriately adjusted three-way valves 17 and 18, into the line 19 and thence into the separator 20. At start-up, the valve 24, mounted at the outlet 21 for purified liquor, is initially closed, until it can be seen at the viewing opening 22 that the liquor is purified and in a clear state.The valve 24 is then opened sufficiently far for clear, purified liquor to emerge at the outlet 21 and for a flow rate to become established in the liquor circuit 16, 19, 21, 25 which is approximately equal to an hourly throughput of three times the capacity of the first cleaning bath 12.
The impurities leaving the separator 12 at 23 are collected and removed from time to time. The purified liquor emerging from the outlet 21 of the separator 20 flows through the line 25 to the meter 26 for electrical conductivity and thence through the inlet 14 back into the first cleaning bath
12, filled with wash liquor, of the bottle cleaning machine 11. The electrical conduct tivity of the purified liquor is a measure of the concentration of the cleaning agent and is therefore utilised for regulating the dosing pump 28 of the cleaning agent dosing device 29. As soon as the electrical conductivity of the purified liquor has fallen below a previously determined threshold value, cleaning agent is made up in a dosed quantity until the electrical conductivity established at the meter 26 has reached an upper threshold value.
During operation, a continual measuring of liquor level in the first cleaning bath 12 is carried out by means of the capacitive level meter 31 and, corresponding to this, the already explained make-up of water either from the freshwater line 34 or the hot water line 36 is carried out.
From time to time, for example at the weekend,- the container of the first cleaning bath 12 needs to be cleaned to remove coarse impurities, for example broken chips of bottles or the like. For this purpose, the wash liquor is drawn off out of the cleaning bath
12 by means of the liquor pump 15. The
three-way valve 17 is then so adjusted that
it conducts the liquor via the line 41 into the .receiving vessel 40. After the first cleaning
bath 12 has been emptied, the three-way
valve 17 is closed, so that the liquor can no
longer flow out of the container 40 and is
stored there for a predetermined period.
During this storage period, settling out of the impurities takes place. This settling can be promoted by agents for accelerating and
intensifying settlement being added to the
liquor in the container 40. Since the connections for the lines 41 and 43 are disposed at a distance above the bottom of the container 40, the container 40 affords the facility for precipitated impurities to collect on
its base and possibly in a sump which may be provided there. In order to conduct the liquor stored in the container 40 back into the first cleaning bath 12 of the bottle cleaning machine 11, the three-way valve 18 between the lines 43 and 19 is opened and the wash liquor pump 42 started up. As a result,
the liquor is pumped back as in the circuit
16, 19, 21, 25, via the separator 20, the valve 24, the line 25 and the meter 26 into the first cleaning bath 12.When the bottle cleaning machine 11 is started up again, the threeway valves 17 and 18 are again brought into
their closed positions, so that the wash
liquor circuit 16, 19, 21, 25 is again connected up.
In Fig. 2, the hereinbefore described method of operation of the second circuit 41, 43 comprising the receiving vessel 40 can be retained unaltered. For this purpose, it is only necessary, when conducting the wash liquor from the first cleaning bath 12 to the
receiving container 40, in addition to ad
justing the three-way valve 17, also so to adjust the three-way valve 45 that the con
nection from line 16 to line 41 is created.
In order to conduct the liquor back via the
separator 20, the three-way valve 44 should be left in its normal setting, wherein it con
nects the line 25 to the meter 26, and there
fore, as in the example of Fig. 1, it is then
only necessary to set the three-way valve
18 to connect together lines 43 and 19 and
to start up the wash liquor pump 42.
In Fig. 2, however, there also exists the
facility when the liquor is being transferred
from the first cleaning bath 12 to the con
tainer 40, to conduct it via the separator 20.
To do this, the three-way valves 17 and 18
should be left in their normal setting, in
which they connect line 16 to line 19. How
ever, the three-way valves 44 and 45 should
be so adjusted that the former connects the
line 25 to the line 46, while the latter con
nects the line 46 to the line 41. When the
wash liquor has been completely transferred
into the receiving container 40, the threeway valve 45 is set in the position in which flowing back of the liquor is impossible. In order to conduct the liquor back from the receiving container 40 to the first cleaning bath 12, there are two possible methods.
Firstly, line 43 is connected to line 19 at three-way valve 18 and line 25 is connected to meter 26 by three-way valve 44, combined with switching on of pump 42. The liquor is then conducted back from the receiving container 40 via the separator 20 into the first cleaning bath 12. Secondly, line 43 is connected to line 46 via the three-way valves 18, 17, 45 as well as to the meter 26 by threeway valve 44 and the wash liquor pump 42 is switched on. The liquor is then pumped back from the receiving container 40 directly into the cleaning bath 12.
In one embodiment of the invention (not shown) it is also possible for two receiving vessels 40 to be provided, the lines 41 and 43 of the second wash liquor circuit being then able to be connected as desired by valves to one or the other receiving vessel.
This then provides the facility of operating with a double charge of wash liquor through the cleaning bath 12, one of the charges being kept in operation in the bath while the other is retained in one of the receiving vessels. Furthermore, the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 of the piping arrangement in the first and second wash liquor circuits also permits a temporary circuit to be created with the receiving container 40, the wash liquor pump 42 and the separator 20. This facility offers an advantageous utilisation of the separator, even when the bottle cleaning machine 11 is out of operation, for example during cleaning of the bath vessel or other maintenance work on the bottle cleaning machine 11.
For cleaning machines, in particular bottle cleaning machines, there may be provided one or more cleaning baths filled with wash liquor following the first cleaning bath and these may, advantageously, be employed in the same manner to improve the useful life of the wash liquor in these baths. For this purpose, a device embodying the invention may be associated with each succeeding cleaning bath. The expenditure on equipment resulting therefrom can, however, be considerably reduced, by associating with each succeeding cleaning bath only one wash liquor level meter 31 with valve-regulated liquor supply 32 and one valve-regulated feed line 30 for the make-up of dosing of cleaning agent, which may be connected to the dosing device 29. As a result, each of the cleaning baths may be connected, for the purpose of separating the liquor, successively to the circuit 16, 19, 21, 25 comprising the separator 20 which is common to all the baths, with the result that only one dosing device 29 with meter 26 and only one liquid feed line 34 and 36 are necessary and are common to all the baths. For the temporary storage of the entire wash liquor from all the cleaning baths for the purpose of precipitating the impurities, a container 40 of appropriate capacity or several containers may be provided.
As hereinbefore described, the wash liquor flow rate conducted through the circuit containing the separator may be equal to an hourly throughput of the order of magnitude of the entire quantity ofliquor in the first cleaning bath and the concentration of the purified portion of the liquor before it is conducted back into the first cleaning bath may be continuously measured for the purpose of controlling the addition of cleaning agent to this bath, whereas the make-up of the quantity of liquid shall be effected by the introduction of liquid into the first cleaning bath under control by means of measurement of the liquor level in this bath.Thus, as hereinbefore described, while continually removing impurities from the wash liquor in cleaning machines, a state of equilibrium between the impurities continually introduced into the wash liquor and the impurities continually separated from the wash liquor and also between consumed and supplied components of wash liquor may be achieved with minimum expenditure on equipment, in such a manner that the useful life of the wash liquor is no longer determined by the quantity of the impurities absorbed by the liquor or by the constituents of the liquor thereby consumed.
In an embodiment of the invention the wash liquor flow rate in the circuit containing the separator is reduced to a value which is equal to an hourly throughput of only a fraction, preferably one third, of the quantity of liquor in the first cleaning bath.
Even with a reduced flow rate of wash liquor in the circuit containing the separator equivalent to an hourly throughput of only a fraction of the total quantity of liquor in the first cleaning bath, such a state of equilibrium between the impurities continually introduced into the liquor and the impurities continually separated from the liquor may be achieved, in which the useful life of the liquor becomes practically independent of the quantity of impurities absorbed in the liquor. An especially favourable value for the wash liquor flow rate in the circuit containing the separator has been found to be an hourly throughput corresponding to approximately one third of the total quantity of wash liquor in the first cleaning bath.
Thus, the expenditure on apparatus may be still further reduced. Capital costs and maintenance costs may be thereby also considerably reduced. By the reduced wash- liquor flow rate in the circuit containing the separator, the maintenance of the temperature conditions in the cleaning machine is also rendered considerably easier. The heat losses are substantially reduced and can be much more easily counteracted or largely eliminated by simple thermal insulation of the parts of the wash liquor circuit.
Thus, an apparatus suitable for this embodiment and comprising the wash liquor circuit with incorporated separator and wash liquor pump, is designed for an hourly thoughput of a fraction, preferably one third, of the theoretical quantity of wash liquor contained in the first cleaning bath. On the basis of this adaptation of the wash liquor circuit, an adequate increase in the useful life of the liquor is attained with reduced expenditure on apparatus, for example a separator and wash liquor pump of smaller rating, and smaller piping cross-sections.
The capital costs for the wash liquor circuit are thereby reduced and its operating and maintenance costs are considerably decreased.
The separator means associated with at least one cleaning bath may be disconnected therefrom and connected successively to at least one additional cleaning bath following the at least one cleaning bath, the liquid cleaning agent contained in the or each additional deaning bath being conducted through the separator to remove particles therefrom, and the purified liquid cleaning agent being introduced into the next successive additional cleaning bath, if any.
The term "wash liquor" as used herein means cleaning liquid which may be made up from any suitable chemical cleaning agent. These include acids of suitable concentration and at a suitable temperature.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A method of recirculating a liquid cleaning agent contained in at least one cleaning bath of a cleaning machine for articles, which cleaning bath receives the articles to be cleaned and is maintained at a temperature above the ambient temperature, wherein the liquid cleaning agent is conducted from the at least one cleaning bath through separator means to remove particles therefrom, the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent through the separator means being controlled to correspond to an hourly change of a predetermined fraction or multiple of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath, the concentration of the purified liquid cleaning agent from the separator means is monitored before its reintroduction into the at least one cleaning bath to regulate the amount, if any, of additional cleaning agent to be supplied to the at least one cleaning bath, and any additional liquid for the cleaning agent is introduced into the at least one cleaning bath in dependence upon the level
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (45)
1. A method of recirculating a liquid cleaning agent contained in at least one cleaning bath of a cleaning machine for articles, which cleaning bath receives the articles to be cleaned and is maintained at a temperature above the ambient temperature, wherein the liquid cleaning agent is conducted from the at least one cleaning bath through separator means to remove particles therefrom, the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent through the separator means being controlled to correspond to an hourly change of a predetermined fraction or multiple of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath, the concentration of the purified liquid cleaning agent from the separator means is monitored before its reintroduction into the at least one cleaning bath to regulate the amount, if any, of additional cleaning agent to be supplied to the at least one cleaning bath, and any additional liquid for the cleaning agent is introduced into the at least one cleaning bath in dependence upon the level
of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow rate corresponds substantially to an hourly change of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow rate corresponds substantially to three times an hourly change of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow rate corresponds substantially to one-third of an hourly change of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
5. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid cleaning agent is subjected to a sieving operation to remove coarse particles there fiom before its conduction through the separator means.
6. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the additional liquid for the cleaning agent is fresh water.
7. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the additional liquid for the cleaning agent is water at elevated temperature previously used to spray the articles after their passage through the at least one cleaning bath.
8. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath is transferred entirely to a container for temporary storage to permit separation of any particles from the liquid cleaning agent and is thereafter conducted back into the at least one cleaning bath.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the liquid cleaning agent is transferred to the container though the separator means.
10. A method as claimed in either claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the duration of the temporary storage is between substantially 24 and 60 hours.
11. A method as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein agents for accelerating the removal of particles are added to the liquid cleaning agent in the container.
12. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the liquid cleaning agent contained in one or more successive additional cleaning baths following the at least one cleaning bath is conducted through an associated separator means to remove particles therefrom, and the purified liquid cleaning agent is introduced into the next successive additional cleaning bath, if any.
13. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the separator means associated with the at least one cleaning bath is disconnected therefrom and is connected successively to at least one additional cleaning bath following the at least one cleaning bath, the liquid cleaning agent contained in the or each additional cleaning bath is conducted through the separator means to remove particles therefrom, and the purified liquid cleaning agent is introduced into the next successive additional cleaning bath, if any.
14. A method as claimed in either claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the liquid cleaning agent in the or each of the additional clean ing baths is entirely transferred to a respective container for temporary storage to permit separation of any particles from the liquid cleaning agent, and is thereafter conducted back into the corresponding additional cleaning bath.
15. A method of recirculating a liquid cleaning agent, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
16. A method of recirculating a liquid cleaning agent, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
17. A method as claimed in either claim 15 or claim 16 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
18. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid cleaning agent is used to clean bottles.
19. Apparatus for recirculating a liquid cleaning agent contained in at least one cleaning bath of a cleaning machine for articles, which cleaning bath is arranged to receive the articles to be cleaned and to be maintained at a temperature above the ambient temperature, the apparatus comprising a liquid cleaning agent flow circuit provided with a discharge and a return line for connection to an outlet and an inlet, respectively, of the at least one cleaning bath, the discharge line being provided with pump means to pump the liquid cleaning agent from the at least one cleaning bath into the flow circuit, and the return line being provided with separator means to remove any particles from the liquid cleaning agent, an outlet of the separator means being provided with valve means to control the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent in the flow circuit, and with monitoring means to monitor the purified liquid cleaning agent from the separator means, means controllable by the monitoring means to supply any additional amount of cleaning agent to the at least one cleaning bath, and means to introduce any additional liquid for the cleaning agent into the at least one bath in dependence upon the level of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1ski, wherein the means to introduce any addi tional liquid comprises a level meter to determine the level of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath, a water feed line to supply water to the at least one cleaning bath, and further valve means controllable by an output of the level meter to regulate the supply of water from the water feed line.
21. Apparatus as claimed in either claim 19 or 20, wherein the flow circuit is so adapted that the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent therethrough corresponds to an hourly change of a predetermined fraction of the quantity of the liquid cleaning agent in the at least one cleaning bath.
22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the flow circuit is so adapted that the predetermined fraction is one third.
23. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the separator means comprises a plate centrifuge.
24. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the separator means comprises an internal flow circuit for the liquid cleaning agent, and means to observe the purified liquid cleaning agent.
25. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein the valve means at the outlet 'of the separator means comprises a shut-off valve with an adjustable aperture.
26. Apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein the level meter comprises a capacitive level meter, and the further valve means comprises a shut-off valve.
27. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 26, wherein the flow circuit and the separator means are thermally insulated.
28. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 27 in combination with the cleaning machine for articles, the discharge and the return lines of the flow circuit being connected to the outlet and the inlet, respectively, of the at least one cleaning bath.
29. Apparatus as claimed in claim 28, wherein the inlet and the outlet are arranged at opposite sides of the at least one cleaning bath.
30. Apparatus as claimed in either claim 28 or claim 29, wherein the at least one cleaning bath is provided with means to sieve the liquid cleaning agent contained therein to thereby remove coarse particles, and a chamber to store the sieved liquid cleaning agent, the outlet of the at least one cleaning bath communicating with the chamber.
31. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 30, wherein the level meter is disposed in the at least one cleaning bath, and the water feed line is arranged to supply water to the at least one cleaning bath.
32. Apparatus as claimed in claim 31, wherein the cleaning machine comprises a water spraying station to spray articles to be cleaned with water after their passage through the at least one cleaning bath, the water feed line being so arranged as to receive water for the supply to the at least one cleaning bath from the spraying station.
33. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 32, comprising a container for the liquid cleaning agent and having a capa city at least equal to that of the at least one cleaning bath, and three-way valve means connecting the container to the flow circuit;
34. Apparatus as claimed in claim 33; wherein the three-way valve means is arranged to connect the container to the flow circuit in such a manner that the liquid cleaning agent flows from the container to the separator means before being reintroduced into the at least one cleaning bath.
35. Apparatus as claimed in claim 33, wherein the three-way valve means is arranged to connect the container to the flow circuit in such a manner that the liquid cleaning from the at least one cleaning bath flows via the separator means to the container.
36. Apparatus as claimed in any dne of claims 33 to 35, wherein the lower portion of the container is arranged to collect any particles contained in the liquid cleaning agent.
37. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 33 to 36, wherein the container is thermally insulated.
38. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 37, wherein the cleaning machine comprises at least one additional cleaning bath following the one cleaning bath, the or each additional cleaning bath being provided with an outlet and an inlet connected to a discharge and a return line, respectively, of an associated liquid cleaning agent flow circuit, the discharge line of the or each associated flow circuit being provided with pump means to pump the liquid cleaning agent from the associated additional cleaning bath into the associated flow circuit, and the return line of each associated flow circuit being provided with separator means to remove lany particles from the liquid cleaning agent, an outlet of the last mentioned separator means being provided with valve means to control the flow rate of the liquid cleaning agent in the associated flow circuit and with monitoring means to monitor the purified liquid cleaning agent from the associated separator means, means associated with the or each additional cleaning bath and controllable by the last-mentioned associated monitoring means to supply any additional amount of cleaning agent to the associated additional cleaning bath, and means associated with the or each additional cleaning bath to introduce any additional liquid for the cleaning
agent into the associated additional clean
ing bath in dependence upon the level of
the liquid cleaning agent in the associated
additional cleaning bath.
39. Apparatus as claimed in claim 38,
wherein the or each of the associated means
to introduce any additional liquid comprises
a level meter to determine the level of the
liquid cleaning agent in the associated addi
tional cleaning bath, a water feed line to supply water to the associated additional
cleaning bath, and further valve means con
trollable by an output of the last-mentioned
associated level meter to regulate the supply
of water from the last-mentioned water feed
line.
40. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
claims 28 to 37, wherein the cleaning
machine comprises at least one additional
cleaning bath being provided with an inlet
and an outlet and with means to introduce
any additional liquid into the associated
additional cleaning bath in dependence upon
the level of the liquid cleaning agent in that bath, and the flow circuit and the means to
supply any additional cleaning agent asso
ciated with the one cleaning bath being
common to the or each of the additional
cleaning baths, the flow circuit being selec
tively connectible to the outlet and the inlet
of the cleaning baths.
41. Apparatus as claimed in claim 40, wherein each of the means to introduce any additional liquid comprises a level meter to determine the level of the liquid cleaning agent in the associated additional cleaning bath, a water feed line to supply water to that cleaning bath, and further valve means controllable by an output of the last-mentioned associated level meter to regulate the supply of water from the water feed line.
42. Apparatus for recirculating a liquid cleaning agent, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shownin Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
43. Apparatus for recirculating a liquid cleaning agent, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in
Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
44. Apparatus as claimed in either claim 42 or claim 43 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
45. Apparatus as claimed in any one of daims 19 to 44, wherein the cleaning machine is arranged to clean bottles.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19772723004 DE2723004A1 (en) | 1977-05-21 | 1977-05-21 | Bottle washing machine detergent life increasing process - monitors flow rate in separator circuit for hourly bath replenishment |
| DE19772725562 DE2725562A1 (en) | 1977-06-07 | 1977-06-07 | Bottle washing machine detergent life increasing process - monitors flow rate in separator circuit for hourly bath replenishment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1587329A true GB1587329A (en) | 1981-04-01 |
Family
ID=25772049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB18924/78A Expired GB1587329A (en) | 1977-05-21 | 1978-05-11 | Method of and an apparatus for recirculating a liquid cleaning agent |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2391152A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1587329A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1103291B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7804494A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3633652A1 (en) * | 1986-10-03 | 1988-04-14 | Turbon Tunzini Klimatechnik | METHOD FOR DISPOSAL OF LYE FROM CLEANING MACHINES |
| DE4105139A1 (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1992-01-23 | Sopura Chemie Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING BOTTLES |
| FR2680973B1 (en) * | 1991-09-05 | 1995-06-30 | Holstaal Inox France Sarl Nle | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE BACTERIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF CONTAINERS. |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2761799A (en) * | 1953-11-09 | 1956-09-04 | Schroeder Otto | Method of and apparatus for washing labeled bottles and separating labels from the wash liquid |
| US3080065A (en) * | 1959-07-21 | 1963-03-05 | N A Douglas Mfg Inc | Insoluble separator |
| DE1800586A1 (en) * | 1968-10-02 | 1970-04-23 | Enzinger Union Werke Ag | Bottle washing machine with caustic treatment stations |
| DE2521856A1 (en) * | 1975-05-16 | 1976-11-25 | Diversey Gmbh | Programmed bottle washing plant - has set of pulse operated dispensing valves and pumps with return valves for washing fluids |
-
1978
- 1978-04-26 NL NL7804494A patent/NL7804494A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-05-11 GB GB18924/78A patent/GB1587329A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-05-19 IT IT49469/78A patent/IT1103291B/en active
- 1978-05-19 FR FR7814969A patent/FR2391152A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7849469A0 (en) | 1978-05-19 |
| FR2391152A1 (en) | 1978-12-15 |
| NL7804494A (en) | 1978-11-23 |
| IT1103291B (en) | 1985-10-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |