GB1577334A - Noise control systems and apparatus and methods of noise control - Google Patents
Noise control systems and apparatus and methods of noise control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1577334A GB1577334A GB96277A GB96277A GB1577334A GB 1577334 A GB1577334 A GB 1577334A GB 96277 A GB96277 A GB 96277A GB 96277 A GB96277 A GB 96277A GB 1577334 A GB1577334 A GB 1577334A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pile
- shield
- screen
- hammer
- absorbent material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO NOISE CONTROL SYSTEMS
AND APPARATUS AND METHODS OF NOISE CONTROL
(71) We, WEST'S PILING AND CON- STRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED, a British 'Company, of Horton Road, Colnbrook,
Slough SL3 OBE, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to noise control systems and apparatus and methods of reducing noise and, more particularly, to the control and abatement of noise emanating from piling rigs during operation thereof.
The noise generated by piling rigs during operation thereof is generated primarily by the impact of a falling weight, which, typically, is a drop hammer, on an anvil or pile cap which latter transmits the hammer blows to the pile to effect driving thereof. The weight or hammer may, in practice, be raised by any suitable means such, for example, as by a rope or cable arrangement, by controlled explosions or by hydraulic or pneumatic arrangements.
An object of the invention is to reduce the noise transmitted to the area surrounding the piling rig in a simple and inexpensive manner; to provide an arrangement in which both the hammer and the pile cap assembly are utilized in the noise reduction function; and to provide an arrangement which does not materially effect or reduce the efficiency of the pile driving operations.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided apparatus for controlling the noise emanating from a pile driving rig comprising a hammer adapted to impart a series of blows to a cap associated with a pile to be driven, said apparatus comprising an elongated, hollow-section noise control screen or shield adapted to be positioned around the site of impact of the hammer and the pile during a pile driving operation, said screen or shield comprising inner and outer spaced-apart laminations with the space between the inner and outer laminations containing a sound absorbent material.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of controlling impact-generated noise emanating from a pile-driving apparatus during operation thereof comprising the steps of substantially surrounding the site of impact with an elongated screen or shield which is open at both ends to permit relative movement between the screen or shield, the pile driving apparatus and a pile to be driven thereby; said screen or shield being formed of at least two spaced-apart laminations and having a sound absorbent material within the space between said laminations.
The efficacy of the noise control unit according to the invention is increased by various features optionally included in the fabrication and design thereof. Thus to reduce the transmission loss the screen is preferably constructed with an outer skin of a heavy material effective to provide a noise transmission loss through the screen in excess of that actually required and further sound reduction may be achieved by lining the inner face of the outer skin with a sound absorbing material. In another embodiment the hollow section may be of laminated construction with a solid outer sheet, suitably of steel, an inner sheet preferably perforated and which may suitably be of a lighter gauge steel or other material and with sound absorbent infill material interposed between said two sheets.Preferably, the screen or shield has an effective length bounded by the top of said hammer and bottom of said pile cap when the hammer and cap are in contact during a pile drive operation so that the open ends of the screen or shield are effectively blocked by the hammer at one end and the cap, etc., at the other. The mass of these blocking units is such as to provide an effective barrier to noise transmission through the open ends of the screen or shield.In addition the screen or shield preferably closely follows the profile of the pile driving hammer and cap and is advantageously so shaped that the clearance provided for free movcment therein of the hammer and pile cap etc. is reduced to a minimum and thus the cross-section of the annular passage surrounding the hammer and pile cap, etc. and which constitutes a further path along which noise might escape is made as small as possible.
The combination of these measures ensures that the noise generated upon operation of the piling rig is reduced to acceptable levels. In some cases and by suitable selection of the sound absorbing materials used to line the outer skin of the noise control unit or it is possible to leave certain parts of the hollow section open and still obtain an acceptable level of noise reduction.
The effective length of the hollow section screen or shield constituting the noise control unit is that bounded by the top of the hammer and the bottom of the pile cap, etc. when the hammer and the cap are in contact so that the overall length of the noise control unit may, as a practical matter, be made relatively small.
In utilizing a noise control unit according to the invention and to ensure effective working thereof the sides of the hollow section, screen or shield are made parallel to its guides, the hammer and pile cap parallel to their guided direction are substantially parallel to each other and the hammer and the pile cap are preferably of the same crosssection since this enables both the hammer and the pile cap to move independently in the guided direction. The screen or shield constituting the noise control unit is independently supported in such a manner that it can travel along the guides at the same rate as the rate of penetration of the pile into the ground.
In this manner therefore it will be appreciated that the hollow section screen or shield can be moved up or down the guides when it is required to change the packing in the pile cap and since the screen or shield does not totally enclose the pile and hammer it is possible to inspect the pile for straightness, for load bearing capacity and for any damage which may occur during driving; it is also possible to observe the drop of the hammer.
The design, manner of construction and application of the noise control unit according to the invention although applicable to various different types of piles is particularly efficacious when driving concrete piles since comparatively little noise emanates from concrete piles as compared, for example, to steel section piles.
Other features which may be included in accordance with Sthe invention will be described hereinafter with particular reference to the drawing accompanying the Provisional
Specification and which shows, by way of example, one embodiment of the invention.
Referring to the drawing, same shows only those parts of a conventional pile driving rig generally designated 2 necessary for an understanding of the invention, the noise control unit according to the invention and generally designated 4 being shown associated therewith. The pile driving arrangement incorporates a hammer 6 which is moved up and down on leaders 8 on guides 10 by means of a rope 12. During pile driving operations the hammer 6 is dropped repeatedly onto the packing 14 which then transfers the driving force to the pile cap 16 and finally to the pile shown in ghost outline at 18.
The noise control unit according to the invention is disposed around the hammer, pile cap and packing arrangement and an shown, comprises a hollow section screen or shield 20 of laminated, double skin, construction within which there is disposed sound absorbent material 22. The sound absorbent material 22 which may, for example, be a foam material, or a natural or synthetic fibrous material such as glass fibre, mineral wool, etc., is disposed between the outer lamination or sheet 24 and an inner, perforated, lamination or sheet 26. The outer lamination is preferably made of a heavy gauge material such as steel whilst the inner lamination 26, which preferably is perforated, may be made of a lighter gauge material.
The noise control unit is adapted to travel along the guides 32 under control of pullies 34 and ropes or cables 36 which enable the noise control unit to travel down the guides 32 at the same rate as the pentration of the pile into the ground.
ln some applications, depending on the cverall noise reduction required, additional sound absorbent material which may be similar to that of the material 22 used for infilling the double-skinned hollow section screen or shield 20 may be placed on the hammer 6 and the pile cap 16 to improve the performance of the noise control unit and such material may also be disposed in the area 28 between the hammer 6 and the pile cap 16. Also, and where still further reduction of noise is required, it may be desirable to fill in the apertures 30 in the guide arrangement, behind and on which the noise control unit is adapted to travel along the guides 32, in which case the complete surface thereof would be covered with a suitable sound absorbent material.
It will be appreciated that in the foregoing the invention has been described with reference to one exemplary embodiment of the invention and that many variations in detail can be envisaged. Thus although shown as a hollow section of generally C shaped cross-section, the noise control shield may take many other forms and could, for example, be of arcuate configuration. Also in some applications the shield may be formed of metals or alloys other than steel or of a suitable reinforced fibre material and may be of either one-piece of laminated construction.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. Apparatus for controlling the noise emanating from a pile driving rig comprising a hammer adapted to impart a series of blows to a cap associated with a pile to be driven, said apparatus comprising an elongated, hollow-section noise control screen or shield adapted to be positioned around the site of impact of the hammer and the pile during a pile driving operation, said screen or shield comprising inner and outer spaced-apart laminations with the space between the inner and outer laminations containing a sound absorbent material.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said screen or shield has an effective length bounded by the top of said hammer and the bottom of said pile cap when the hammer and cap are in contact during a pile driving operation.
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the configuration of said screen or shield closely follows the profile of the pile-driving hammer and the cap associated with the pile being driven.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the crosssection of the screen or shield is of such configuration and so dimensioned as to ensure that upon relative longitudinal movement between the screen or shield on the one hand and the pile driving hammer and cap of a pile being driven on the other hand, the annular clearance provided therebetween is maintained at a minimum.
5. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the screen or shield constituting the noise control unit is supported independently of the hammer and the pile for movement relative to each.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the screen or shield is supported on guides in a manner permitting movement of the screen or shield in an axial direction along the guides.
7. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the screen or shield is supported on guides in a manner permitting movement of the screen or shield along the guides at the same rate as the rate of penetration of a pile being driven.
8. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein such screen or shield is of generally C-shaped cross-section.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the outer of said laminations is made of a material of a thicker gauge than that from which the inner lamination is made.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said outer lamination is made of solid steel sheet material.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 9, wherein said outer lamination is made of a reinforced fibrous material.
12. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said inner lamination is made of steel of a lighter gauge than that from which the outer lamination is made.
13. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said inner lamination is perforated.
14. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the space between said inner and outer laminations is filled with a sound absorbent material.
15. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 13, wherein the inner face of said outer lamination is lined with a sound absorbent material.
16. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said sound absorbent material is a foam material.
17. Apparatus as claimed in any of
Claims 1 to 15, wherein said sound absorbent material is a natural or synthetic fibrous material.
18. Apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein said sound absorbent material is glass fibre.
19. Apparatus as claimed in any of
Claims 1 to 15 inclusive wherein said sound absorbent material is mineral wool.
20. A method of controlling impactgenerated noise emanating from a pile-driving apparatus during operation thereof comprising the steps of substantially surrounding the site of impact with an elongated screen or shield which is open at both ends to permit relative movement between the screen or shield, the pile driving apparatus and a pile to be driven thereby; said screen or shield being formed of at least two spacedapart laminations and having a sound absorbent material within the space between said laminations.
21. Apparatus for controlling the noise emanating from a pile-driving rig, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the drawing accompanying the Provisional Specification.
22. A method of controlling the noise emanating from a pile-driving rig substantially as hereinbefore described.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (22)
1. Apparatus for controlling the noise emanating from a pile driving rig comprising a hammer adapted to impart a series of blows to a cap associated with a pile to be driven, said apparatus comprising an elongated, hollow-section noise control screen or shield adapted to be positioned around the site of impact of the hammer and the pile during a pile driving operation, said screen or shield comprising inner and outer spaced-apart laminations with the space between the inner and outer laminations containing a sound absorbent material.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said screen or shield has an effective length bounded by the top of said hammer and the bottom of said pile cap when the hammer and cap are in contact during a pile driving operation.
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the configuration of said screen or shield closely follows the profile of the pile-driving hammer and the cap associated with the pile being driven.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the crosssection of the screen or shield is of such configuration and so dimensioned as to ensure that upon relative longitudinal movement between the screen or shield on the one hand and the pile driving hammer and cap of a pile being driven on the other hand, the annular clearance provided therebetween is maintained at a minimum.
5. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the screen or shield constituting the noise control unit is supported independently of the hammer and the pile for movement relative to each.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the screen or shield is supported on guides in a manner permitting movement of the screen or shield in an axial direction along the guides.
7. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the screen or shield is supported on guides in a manner permitting movement of the screen or shield along the guides at the same rate as the rate of penetration of a pile being driven.
8. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein such screen or shield is of generally C-shaped cross-section.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the outer of said laminations is made of a material of a thicker gauge than that from which the inner lamination is made.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said outer lamination is made of solid steel sheet material.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 9, wherein said outer lamination is made of a reinforced fibrous material.
12. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said inner lamination is made of steel of a lighter gauge than that from which the outer lamination is made.
13. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said inner lamination is perforated.
14. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the space between said inner and outer laminations is filled with a sound absorbent material.
15. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 13, wherein the inner face of said outer lamination is lined with a sound absorbent material.
16. Apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said sound absorbent material is a foam material.
17. Apparatus as claimed in any of
Claims 1 to 15, wherein said sound absorbent material is a natural or synthetic fibrous material.
18. Apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein said sound absorbent material is glass fibre.
19. Apparatus as claimed in any of
Claims 1 to 15 inclusive wherein said sound absorbent material is mineral wool.
20. A method of controlling impactgenerated noise emanating from a pile-driving apparatus during operation thereof comprising the steps of substantially surrounding the site of impact with an elongated screen or shield which is open at both ends to permit relative movement between the screen or shield, the pile driving apparatus and a pile to be driven thereby; said screen or shield being formed of at least two spacedapart laminations and having a sound absorbent material within the space between said laminations.
21. Apparatus for controlling the noise emanating from a pile-driving rig, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the drawing accompanying the Provisional Specification.
22. A method of controlling the noise emanating from a pile-driving rig substantially as hereinbefore described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB96277A GB1577334A (en) | 1978-02-10 | 1978-02-10 | Noise control systems and apparatus and methods of noise control |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB96277A GB1577334A (en) | 1978-02-10 | 1978-02-10 | Noise control systems and apparatus and methods of noise control |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1577334A true GB1577334A (en) | 1980-10-22 |
Family
ID=9713568
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB96277A Expired GB1577334A (en) | 1978-02-10 | 1978-02-10 | Noise control systems and apparatus and methods of noise control |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1577334A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4667746A (en) * | 1984-01-10 | 1987-05-26 | Paul Moraly | Mobile apparatus for driving different objects into the ground by impact |
| EP1512796A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-09 | Per Aarsleff A/S | Noise shield for use in combination with a hydraulic hammer mounted on a hammer or pile driving rig |
| AU2007254634B2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2010-12-16 | Munro Engineers Pty Ltd | Safety Guard for Post Driver |
| GB2472665A (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-16 | David Frederick Spriggs | A hydraulic pile driver with cushions to reduce impact noise |
-
1978
- 1978-02-10 GB GB96277A patent/GB1577334A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4667746A (en) * | 1984-01-10 | 1987-05-26 | Paul Moraly | Mobile apparatus for driving different objects into the ground by impact |
| EP1512796A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-09 | Per Aarsleff A/S | Noise shield for use in combination with a hydraulic hammer mounted on a hammer or pile driving rig |
| AU2007254634B2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2010-12-16 | Munro Engineers Pty Ltd | Safety Guard for Post Driver |
| GB2472665A (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-16 | David Frederick Spriggs | A hydraulic pile driver with cushions to reduce impact noise |
| GB2472665B (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2014-07-02 | David Frederick Spriggs | Noise reduction in hydraulic piling hammers |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19980209 |