GB1572953A - Wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction - Google Patents

Wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1572953A
GB1572953A GB770177A GB770177A GB1572953A GB 1572953 A GB1572953 A GB 1572953A GB 770177 A GB770177 A GB 770177A GB 770177 A GB770177 A GB 770177A GB 1572953 A GB1572953 A GB 1572953A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
end portion
wall tie
timber
wall
limb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB770177A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEEDHAM R
Original Assignee
LEEDHAM R
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LEEDHAM R filed Critical LEEDHAM R
Priority to GB770177A priority Critical patent/GB1572953A/en
Publication of GB1572953A publication Critical patent/GB1572953A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
    • E04B1/49—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses with self-penetrating parts, e.g. claw dowels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO WALL TIES FOR CAVITY WALLS OF BRICK AND TIMBER CONSTRUCTON (71) I, RONALD WALTON LEED HAM, a British Subject of 40 Boulton Grange, Randlay, Telford, Shropshire, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is perfotaned, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction, that is walls which have one leaf of brickwork and the other leaf constructed from timber, usually timber frame members and panels of plywood or other timber sheet.
The wall ties have to be able to accom rrodate the relative movement which can occur between the brickwork and timber as a structure settles and with temperature changes.
Hitherto the wall ties available for the purpose have been made of metal strip, one end of the strip being set in the brickwork and the other end being arranged to be fastened by nails to the timber. In one form the walll tie is made of readily flexible metal strip which is supplied to the builder in a fiat state. The builder anchors it to the brickwork and timber in a flexed condition so as to allow for relative movement between them. In another form the wall tie is made of more rigid metal strip which is bem to L-shape. One limb of the L is set into the brickwork and the other has holes in it for nails for fastening it to the timber.
The separate application of the nails to the wall ties in the known forms to secure them to the timber can be troublesome as regards the procedure of securing the wall ties and because it requires the builder to carry a supply of the nails with him, which all adds to the equipment he must have available whilst building a wall. Furthermore the nails are susceptible to corrosion so that in time the wall ties become detached from the timber, and consequently the wall becomes unstable. The safe life of a structure can be reduced very considerably because of the corrosion of the nails.
A primary object of the present invention is to avoid the use of separately applied nails.
The present invention consists in a wall tie for use in a cavity wall of brick and timber construction and which comprises a length of stiff, corrosion resistant wire bent to provide a substantially planar first end portion of the wall tie adapted to be set in mortar of brickwork to anchor the wall tie to the brickwork, a second end portion which is straight, or substantially straight, and has a sharpened ex extremity which enables that end portion to be driven into timber, and an intermediate portion which is bent such that the second end portion is offset from the plane of the first end portion and to form a shoulder adjacent to the second end portion capable of being struck by a hananer to drive the second end portion into timber.
A suitable corrosion-resistant material for the wire is galvanised steel or stainless steel.
Although essentially stiff, the wire which is used must have sufficient resilience to accommodate relative movement between the brickwork and timber leaves of a wall in which the wall tie is incorporated in use. Wire of 8 and 10 SWG has been found to. be satisfactory.
I prefer the first end portion to be shaped into a triangular wing but it may be shaped into a rectangular, circular, V-shaped or any other suitable form as desired.
The extremity of the second end portion may be sharpened to a point or to a chisel edge. In the latter form the edge is preferably offset from the main longitudinal axis of the end portion because this has the effect of causing the end portion to be deflected into a curve inside the timber as it is driven into the timber, thereby increasing the holding power of the end portion. The end portion may be knurled or barbed to assist its holding power further The intermediate portion may be bent to a generally L-shape. Preferably it has a kink formed in it which encourages any moisture to drip off the wall tie when it is in use.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which, Figure I is a side view of a wall rie in accordance with the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the wall tie, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the wall tie in position to be built into a brick and timber cavity wall.
The wall tie is made from a single length of stiff, corrosion resistant wire, preferably stainless steel. One end of the wire is bent to provide a planar first end portion 1 of the wall tie which is in the form of a triangular wing.
An intermediate portion 2 of the wire extends from the apex of the triangle and is bent to an L-shape comprising limbs 3 and 4. One limb 3 joined to the triangular end portion l has a V-shaped kink 5 at an intermediate part of its length which projects normal to the plane of the triangular end portion 1. Except at the kink 5 the limb 3 extends in the same plane as the triangular end portion. The other limb 4 is straight and forms a shoulder which projects normal to that plane in the same direction as the kink. A second end portion 6 of the wire is straightt and projects at right angles from the shoulder limb 4 in the direction directly opposite to the kinked limb 3.The straight end portion 6 has a chisel-shaped extremity 7 which has its sharp edge 8 offset to the same side of the longitudinal axis of the straight end portion as that at which the shoulder limb of the intermediate portion is disposed. Knurling or other suitable roughening 9 is provided on the straight end portion.
PreferaKy in practice the kinked limb 3 of the intermediate portion 2 is 50 mm long, the shoulder limb 4 is 25-30 mm long, the sides of the triangular end portion 1 are each 60 mm long, and the straight end portion 6 is 50 ram long.
The manner of application of the wall tie for use will now be described with reference to Figure 3 of the drawings. As shown, the wall tie is applied to a cavity wall which has one leaf 10 of brickwork and its other leaf 11 constructed from timber. The timber leaf 11 is illustrated in the typical form comprising plywood sheathing 12 fixed to timber studs 13. When applying the wall tie, the builder first places the tie on the brickwork of the leaf 10 opposite one of the timber studs 13 of the timber leaf.He places it so that the triangular end portion 1 lies flat on the last course of bricks to be laid, the shoulder limb 4 of the intermediate portion 2 carrying the straightened portion 6 is upstanding, and hence the kink 5 is projecting upwards, and the straight end portion 6 is horizontally directed towards the timber stud 13 above the plane of the triangular end portion. As the kink 5 projects upwards it does not interfere with placing the wall tie flat on the brickwork. Next the builder drives the straight end portion 6 through the plywood sheathing 12 and into the timber stud by means of a hammer which he strikes against the part of the upstanding shoulder limb 4 next to the straight end portion 6.The kink is spaced below the level of the straight end portion and does not obstruct access to rhe shoulder limb for it to be hammered. As the straight end portion is driven into the. timber its offset sharp edge 8 causes the end portion to curve downwardly inside the timber. This and the roughening 9 of the end portion en sures that the end portion is very securely held in the timber. A considerably larger pulling load is required to remove the end portion from the timber than could normally be expected to be experienced as a result of the normal range of relative movement which might occur between the leaves of the cavity wall. The straight end portion is driven in until the shoulder limb 3 spanning the cavity between the leaves of the wall, with the kink about half-way across the cavity.Thus the shoulder limb serves the additional purpose of providing a means of ensuring correct posi tioning of the wall tie in the cavity wall.
Anchoring of the wall tie is completed when mortar is applied over the triangular end por tion 1 for the next course of bricks in the brickwork leaf 10.
The intermediate portion 2 is able to flex under relative movement of the leaves of the cavity wall. The kink 5, whilst serving to en courage moisture to drip off the tie into the cavity, adds to the flexibility of the tie. The wall tie is securely retained in position and being made of corrosion resistant material it has a long useful life.
In an alternative form of the wall tie, not illustrated, the central part of a length of corrosion resistant wire is bent to form a planar triangular wing, which in the finished wall tie constitutes the first end portion of the wall tie. The two end parts of the wire extend parallel to each other from the apex of the triangular wing, and they are similarly bent to form in each case an intermediate portion, next to the wing, and a straight end portion of similar shapes to the intermediate and straight end portions of the wall tie in the illustrated embodiment.
WHAT I CLAIM IS:- 1. A wall tie for use in a cavity wall of brick and timber construction and which com- prises a length of stiff, corrosion resistant wire bent to provide a substantially planar first end portion of the wall tie adapted to be set in mortar of brickwork to anchor the wall tie to the brickwork, a second end portion which is straight, or substantially straight, and has a sharpened extremity which enables that end portion to be driven into timber, and an intermediate portion which is bent such that the second end portion is offset from the plane of the first end portion and to form a shoulder adjacent to the second end portion capable of being struck by a hammer to drive the second end portion into timber.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (13)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. accordance with the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the wall tie, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the wall tie in position to be built into a brick and timber cavity wall. The wall tie is made from a single length of stiff, corrosion resistant wire, preferably stainless steel. One end of the wire is bent to provide a planar first end portion 1 of the wall tie which is in the form of a triangular wing. An intermediate portion 2 of the wire extends from the apex of the triangle and is bent to an L-shape comprising limbs 3 and 4. One limb 3 joined to the triangular end portion l has a V-shaped kink 5 at an intermediate part of its length which projects normal to the plane of the triangular end portion 1. Except at the kink 5 the limb 3 extends in the same plane as the triangular end portion. The other limb 4 is straight and forms a shoulder which projects normal to that plane in the same direction as the kink. A second end portion 6 of the wire is straightt and projects at right angles from the shoulder limb 4 in the direction directly opposite to the kinked limb 3.The straight end portion 6 has a chisel-shaped extremity 7 which has its sharp edge 8 offset to the same side of the longitudinal axis of the straight end portion as that at which the shoulder limb of the intermediate portion is disposed. Knurling or other suitable roughening 9 is provided on the straight end portion. PreferaKy in practice the kinked limb 3 of the intermediate portion 2 is 50 mm long, the shoulder limb 4 is 25-30 mm long, the sides of the triangular end portion 1 are each 60 mm long, and the straight end portion 6 is 50 ram long. The manner of application of the wall tie for use will now be described with reference to Figure 3 of the drawings. As shown, the wall tie is applied to a cavity wall which has one leaf 10 of brickwork and its other leaf 11 constructed from timber. The timber leaf 11 is illustrated in the typical form comprising plywood sheathing 12 fixed to timber studs 13. When applying the wall tie, the builder first places the tie on the brickwork of the leaf 10 opposite one of the timber studs 13 of the timber leaf.He places it so that the triangular end portion 1 lies flat on the last course of bricks to be laid, the shoulder limb 4 of the intermediate portion 2 carrying the straightened portion 6 is upstanding, and hence the kink 5 is projecting upwards, and the straight end portion 6 is horizontally directed towards the timber stud 13 above the plane of the triangular end portion. As the kink 5 projects upwards it does not interfere with placing the wall tie flat on the brickwork. Next the builder drives the straight end portion 6 through the plywood sheathing 12 and into the timber stud by means of a hammer which he strikes against the part of the upstanding shoulder limb 4 next to the straight end portion 6.The kink is spaced below the level of the straight end portion and does not obstruct access to rhe shoulder limb for it to be hammered. As the straight end portion is driven into the. timber its offset sharp edge 8 causes the end portion to curve downwardly inside the timber. This and the roughening 9 of the end portion en sures that the end portion is very securely held in the timber. A considerably larger pulling load is required to remove the end portion from the timber than could normally be expected to be experienced as a result of the normal range of relative movement which might occur between the leaves of the cavity wall. The straight end portion is driven in until the shoulder limb 3 spanning the cavity between the leaves of the wall, with the kink about half-way across the cavity.Thus the shoulder limb serves the additional purpose of providing a means of ensuring correct posi tioning of the wall tie in the cavity wall. Anchoring of the wall tie is completed when mortar is applied over the triangular end por tion 1 for the next course of bricks in the brickwork leaf 10. The intermediate portion 2 is able to flex under relative movement of the leaves of the cavity wall. The kink 5, whilst serving to en courage moisture to drip off the tie into the cavity, adds to the flexibility of the tie. The wall tie is securely retained in position and being made of corrosion resistant material it has a long useful life. In an alternative form of the wall tie, not illustrated, the central part of a length of corrosion resistant wire is bent to form a planar triangular wing, which in the finished wall tie constitutes the first end portion of the wall tie. The two end parts of the wire extend parallel to each other from the apex of the triangular wing, and they are similarly bent to form in each case an intermediate portion, next to the wing, and a straight end portion of similar shapes to the intermediate and straight end portions of the wall tie in the illustrated embodiment. WHAT I CLAIM IS:-
1. A wall tie for use in a cavity wall of brick and timber construction and which com- prises a length of stiff, corrosion resistant wire bent to provide a substantially planar first end portion of the wall tie adapted to be set in mortar of brickwork to anchor the wall tie to the brickwork, a second end portion which is straight, or substantially straight, and has a sharpened extremity which enables that end portion to be driven into timber, and an intermediate portion which is bent such that the second end portion is offset from the plane of the first end portion and to form a shoulder adjacent to the second end portion capable of being struck by a hammer to drive the second end portion into timber.
2. A wall tie according to Claim 1 wherein
the wire is stainless steel.
3. A wall tie according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the first end portion is of triangular shape.
4. A wall tie according to any preceding claim wherein the extremity of the second end portion is sharpened to a chisel edge.
5. A wall tie according to Claim 4 wherein the chisel edge is offset from the main longitudinal axis of the second end portion.
6. A wail tie according to any preceding claim wherein the second end portion is knurled or otherwise roughened.
7. A wall tie according to any preceding claim wherein the intermediate portion is of a generally L-shape, one link of the L providing the shoulder adjacent to the second end portion.
8. A wall tie according to any preceding daim wherein the intermediate portion has a kink formed in it which is adapted to encourage moisture to drip off the intermediate portion when the wall tie is in use in a cavity wall.
9. A wall tie according to Claim 8 wherein the kink is V-shaped and projects from the intermediate portion in the direction in which the second end portion is offset from the plane of the first end portion.
10. A wall tie according to any preceding claim wherein the length of wire has its central part bent to provide the first end portion, and the two end parts of the wire extend parallel to each other from rhe central part and are similarly bent to provide the intermediate and second end portions.
11. A wall tie according to any preceding claim wherein the wire is 8 SWG.
12. A wall tie according to any of Claims 1 to 10 wherein the wire is 10 SWG.
13. A wall tie substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
GB770177A 1978-02-22 1978-02-22 Wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction Expired GB1572953A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB770177A GB1572953A (en) 1978-02-22 1978-02-22 Wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB770177A GB1572953A (en) 1978-02-22 1978-02-22 Wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1572953A true GB1572953A (en) 1980-08-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB770177A Expired GB1572953A (en) 1978-02-22 1978-02-22 Wall ties for cavity walls of brick and timber construction

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2136843A (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-09-26 Precision Metal Forming Ltd Cavity wall ties
GB2149437A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-06-12 Eric William Smith Wall ties
GB2153892A (en) * 1981-06-13 1985-08-29 Tarmac Construction Ltd A wall tie, a method of tying the leaves of a cavity wall and a cavity wall incorporating a tie
GB2157736A (en) * 1984-04-19 1985-10-30 Eric William Smith Wall ties
EP0171250A2 (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-02-12 OLLIS, William John Bernard Method of making a wall tie and tie made by the method
GB2206135A (en) * 1987-06-24 1988-12-29 Clan Contracting Ltd Cavity wall ties for brick (outer) & timber inner skins
GB2211220A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-06-28 Gang Nail Ltd Improvements in or relating to brick ties
WO1991017327A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Kevin Graham Doole Brick veneer wall ties
EP0544953A1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-09 Ibstock Building Products Limited A method and apparatus for attaching parts of buildings or other articles to a support structure
GB2372516A (en) * 2001-01-30 2002-08-28 James Gerard Madden A wall tie
GB2346394B (en) * 1999-01-14 2003-07-09 Tackburn Ltd Spacing Member

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2153892A (en) * 1981-06-13 1985-08-29 Tarmac Construction Ltd A wall tie, a method of tying the leaves of a cavity wall and a cavity wall incorporating a tie
GB2136843A (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-09-26 Precision Metal Forming Ltd Cavity wall ties
GB2149437A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-06-12 Eric William Smith Wall ties
GB2157736A (en) * 1984-04-19 1985-10-30 Eric William Smith Wall ties
EP0494723A3 (en) * 1984-07-31 1992-12-16 William John Bernard Ollis Structural ties
EP0171250A3 (en) * 1984-07-31 1988-02-24 William John Bernard Ollis Reinforcements and ties
EP0494723A2 (en) * 1984-07-31 1992-07-15 OLLIS, William John Bernard Structural ties
EP0494099A3 (en) * 1984-07-31 1992-12-16 William John Bernard Ollis Wall reinforcement
EP0171250A2 (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-02-12 OLLIS, William John Bernard Method of making a wall tie and tie made by the method
GB2206135A (en) * 1987-06-24 1988-12-29 Clan Contracting Ltd Cavity wall ties for brick (outer) & timber inner skins
GB2211220A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-06-28 Gang Nail Ltd Improvements in or relating to brick ties
AU623091B2 (en) * 1987-10-16 1992-05-07 Gang-Nail (NZ) Limited Improvements in or relating to brick ties
WO1991017327A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Kevin Graham Doole Brick veneer wall ties
EP0544953A1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-09 Ibstock Building Products Limited A method and apparatus for attaching parts of buildings or other articles to a support structure
GB2346394B (en) * 1999-01-14 2003-07-09 Tackburn Ltd Spacing Member
GB2372516A (en) * 2001-01-30 2002-08-28 James Gerard Madden A wall tie

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee