GB1572231A - Cooling element for a metallurgical furnace - Google Patents
Cooling element for a metallurgical furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1572231A GB1572231A GB15377/78A GB1537778A GB1572231A GB 1572231 A GB1572231 A GB 1572231A GB 15377/78 A GB15377/78 A GB 15377/78A GB 1537778 A GB1537778 A GB 1537778A GB 1572231 A GB1572231 A GB 1572231A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- cast iron
- iron body
- cooling element
- metallic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
- F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
- F27D2009/0045—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing a block, e.g. metallic
- F27D2009/0048—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing a block, e.g. metallic incorporating conduits for the medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
- F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
- F27D2009/0051—Cooling of furnaces comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
(54) COOLING ELEMENT FOR A METALLURGICAL
FURNACE
(71) We, THYSSEN AKTIENGESBLL- SCHAFT, a Company organised according to the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany of 4100 Duisburg, Federal Republic of Germany, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
The present invention relates to a cooling element for a metallurgical furnace, in particular for a blast furnace, with steel tubes which are integrally cast in a cast iron body for conveying cooling means, and an additional metallic layer arranged on the steel tube between the tube and the cast iron body of the cooling element.
The inner walling of a continuous furnace, in particular of a blast furnace, is formed from such cooling elements. The cooling elements are provided with a refractory lining on the side facing the inside of the furnace. In order to enable the heat to be discharged, each cooling element is provided with tubes, through which cooling means flows. It is known to diminish the danger of cracking in the steel tubes which are integrally cast in the cast iron body by providing an intermediate layer of metal or metallic oxide on the steel tube, i.e. between the steel tube and the cast iron body.
A layer composed of a mixture of dimethyl polysiloxane and silicon dioxide (German
Offenlegungschrift 21 28 827) has been preferred in such a case. Tests carried out by the Applicants have shown that neither the known metallic layers nor the known metallic oxide layers lead to a satisfactory solution. For example, if the intermediate layer is composed of a nickel layer, it has been shown that cracks appear which partly reach up to the tube body - independently of the thickness of, layer applied.
These cracks can lead to carbonisation (cementation) of the steel tube, as the carbon can diffuse from the cast iron body into the steel tubes. Due to the cementation the steel tube loses its inherent high tenacity. An aluminium layer was shown to be unsatisfactory as aluminium is easily oxidised and the cohesive metallic layer is hereby broken up, so that carbonisation also results in the area of the damaged point of the metallic layer. In contrast, an oxidic intermediate layer is often not thermoshock resistant, i.e. cracks appear in the oxide layer during casting and operation due to the different coefficients of expansion of the tube body and the oxide layer. In these cases a disadvantageous carbonisation of the tube also occurs.
It would therefore be desirable to produce a cooling element for a metallurgical furnace in which the steel tubes are protected from carbonisation, the steel tubes are prevented from caking on the cast iron body during casting and by which a good transfer of heat is attained between the cast iron body and the steel tube.
According to the present invention there is provided a cooling element for a metallurgical furnace having steel tubes which are integrally cast in a cast iron body for conveying cooling means, and an additional metallic layer arranged on the steel tube between the tubes and the cast iron body of the cooling element, wherein the metallic layer is composed of at least one of
Ni, Co, Mn and Ag and a metallic oxide layer is provided on the metallic layer, the free standard enthalpy of formation of the metallic oxide layer amounting to less than -145 kcal under normal pressure conditions and at a temperature of 6000C.
The metallic oxide layer must be stable, i.e. the free oxide standard enthalpy of formation must be below - 145 kcal under normal pressure conditions and at a temperature of 600"C. The chromium oxides for example, belong to these stable oxides.
However, highly stable metallic oxides are particularly preferred, i.e. metallic oxides whose standard enthalpy of formation is below - 180 kcal at a temperature of 600"C and normal pressure. Thus, the oxides of the metals aluminium, titanium, zirconium are particularly preferred.
The metals selected for the metallic layer or their metal alloys were selected due to their not being inclined to form metal carbides either in the production of the cooling element or during the temperatures of the later use. The metallic layer is pre ferably applied onto the steel tube at a thickness of 40 to 100 microns.
The metal oxide layer is subsequently applied onto the metallic layer at a thickness of preferably 30 to 100 microns. The metallic layer and the metal oxide layer should as a whole have a thickness of 200 microns at maximum. A total thickness of layer of 100 to 200 microns, in particular of 100 to 150 microns, is preferred. Sufficient transfer of heat between the cooled steel tube and the cast iron body is still guaranteed with this thickness of the layer.
An embodiment of cooling element within the present invention has a long service life as the selected first layer effectively prevents the steel tube from carbonising while the tube is being integrally cast in the cast iron body and also during later operation. This protective function is guaranteed from the outset as the second layer (metal oxide layer) is not susceptible to damage and therefore cracks and fractures are prevented from occuring in the first layer (metal layer). Moreover, the second layer Drevents the steel tube from caking on the cast iron body. It also supports the first layer in its Drotective function as it hinders both the diffusion of carbon and the diffusion of oxygen into the steel tube.At the same time, a good transfer of heat is guaranteed as even when the total thickness of the intermediate layer amounts to 100-200 microns, preferably up to 150 microns, the oxide layer, which deteriorates the transfer of heat, only amounting to a part of the intermediate layer.
A particular embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a top view of a cooling element:
Fig. 2 shows a cross-section according to
line I-I of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows an enlarged section of the cross-section of Fig. 2.
A cooling element is composed of a boxshaped cast iron body 1 bearing ribs 2 on one side to anchor refractory material.
Cooling tubes 3 curved in the shape of a "U" are integrally cast in the cast iron body, the inlets and outlets 4, 5 of the tubes 3 projecting out of the cast iron body 1 on the side opposing said ribs 2. The tubes 3 are of steel.
A multilayered intermediate layer is arranged between the walls of the tube 3 and the cast iron body 1. The first layer 6 composed of a metal which does not form carbides, in the present case nickel or cobalt, or alloys thereof, is arranged directly on the tube 3. The second layer 7 composed of highly stable metal oxides, in particular oxides of the metals Al, titanium, zirconium or mixtures thereof, is arranged on said first layer 6. The layers are sprayed on.
The first layer is approximately 70 microns thick and the second layer approximately 50 microns thick.
The cast iron body of a cooling element according to the present invention may be composed of the material described and claimed in our copending application no.
15378/78, 1572232 of the same date and/ or provided with a refractory lining as described therein.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A cooling element for a metallurgical furnace having steel tubes which are integrally cast in a cast iron body for conveying cooling means, and an additional metallic layer arranged on the steel tube between the tubes and the cast iron body of the cooling element, wherein the metallic layer is composed of at least one of Ni, Co, Mn and Ag and a metallic oxide layer is provided on the metallic layer, the free standard enthalpy of formation of the metallic oxide layer amounting to less than -145 kcal under normal pressure conditions and at a temperature of 600"C.
2. A cooling element according to claim 1 wherein the metal oxide layer is composed of an oxide of at least one of the metals Al, Ti, or Zr.
3. A cooling element substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. A metallurgical furnace provided with cooling elements as claimed in any one of the prece goTTET T'T
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (4)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.for example, belong to these stable oxides.However, highly stable metallic oxides are particularly preferred, i.e. metallic oxides whose standard enthalpy of formation is below - 180 kcal at a temperature of 600"C and normal pressure. Thus, the oxides of the metals aluminium, titanium, zirconium are particularly preferred.The metals selected for the metallic layer or their metal alloys were selected due to their not being inclined to form metal carbides either in the production of the cooling element or during the temperatures of the later use. The metallic layer is pre ferably applied onto the steel tube at a thickness of 40 to 100 microns.The metal oxide layer is subsequently applied onto the metallic layer at a thickness of preferably 30 to 100 microns. The metallic layer and the metal oxide layer should as a whole have a thickness of 200 microns at maximum. A total thickness of layer of 100 to 200 microns, in particular of 100 to 150 microns, is preferred. Sufficient transfer of heat between the cooled steel tube and the cast iron body is still guaranteed with this thickness of the layer.An embodiment of cooling element within the present invention has a long service life as the selected first layer effectively prevents the steel tube from carbonising while the tube is being integrally cast in the cast iron body and also during later operation. This protective function is guaranteed from the outset as the second layer (metal oxide layer) is not susceptible to damage and therefore cracks and fractures are prevented from occuring in the first layer (metal layer). Moreover, the second layer Drevents the steel tube from caking on the cast iron body. It also supports the first layer in its Drotective function as it hinders both the diffusion of carbon and the diffusion of oxygen into the steel tube.At the same time, a good transfer of heat is guaranteed as even when the total thickness of the intermediate layer amounts to 100-200 microns, preferably up to 150 microns, the oxide layer, which deteriorates the transfer of heat, only amounting to a part of the intermediate layer.A particular embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows a top view of a cooling element: Fig. 2 shows a cross-section according to line I-I of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows an enlarged section of the cross-section of Fig. 2.A cooling element is composed of a boxshaped cast iron body 1 bearing ribs 2 on one side to anchor refractory material.Cooling tubes 3 curved in the shape of a "U" are integrally cast in the cast iron body, the inlets and outlets 4, 5 of the tubes 3 projecting out of the cast iron body 1 on the side opposing said ribs 2. The tubes 3 are of steel.A multilayered intermediate layer is arranged between the walls of the tube 3 and the cast iron body 1. The first layer 6 composed of a metal which does not form carbides, in the present case nickel or cobalt, or alloys thereof, is arranged directly on the tube 3. The second layer 7 composed of highly stable metal oxides, in particular oxides of the metals Al, titanium, zirconium or mixtures thereof, is arranged on said first layer 6. The layers are sprayed on.The first layer is approximately 70 microns thick and the second layer approximately 50 microns thick.The cast iron body of a cooling element according to the present invention may be composed of the material described and claimed in our copending application no.15378/78, 1572232 of the same date and/ or provided with a refractory lining as described therein.WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A cooling element for a metallurgical furnace having steel tubes which are integrally cast in a cast iron body for conveying cooling means, and an additional metallic layer arranged on the steel tube between the tubes and the cast iron body of the cooling element, wherein the metallic layer is composed of at least one of Ni, Co, Mn and Ag and a metallic oxide layer is provided on the metallic layer, the free standard enthalpy of formation of the metallic oxide layer amounting to less than -145 kcal under normal pressure conditions and at a temperature of 600"C.
- 2. A cooling element according to claim 1 wherein the metal oxide layer is composed of an oxide of at least one of the metals Al, Ti, or Zr.
- 3. A cooling element substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
- 4. A metallurgical furnace provided with cooling elements as claimed in any one of the prece goTTET T'T
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2717641A DE2717641C3 (en) | 1977-04-21 | 1977-04-21 | Cooling element for a metallurgical furnace, in particular for a blast furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1572231A true GB1572231A (en) | 1980-07-30 |
Family
ID=6006866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB15377/78A Expired GB1572231A (en) | 1977-04-21 | 1978-04-19 | Cooling element for a metallurgical furnace |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE866239A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2717641C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2388233A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1572231A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1094125B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU79471A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7804071A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA781922B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2719166C3 (en) * | 1977-04-29 | 1981-03-19 | Thyssen AG vorm. August Thyssen-Hütte, 4100 Duisburg | Cooling element for a metallurgical furnace |
| DE2804544C3 (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1981-05-07 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 4200 Oberhausen | Cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace, in particular a blast furnace |
| DE2951640C2 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1982-10-14 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 4200 Oberhausen | Cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace, in particular a blast furnace, and a method for producing it |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE230058C (en) * | ||||
| FR2053891A5 (en) * | 1969-07-22 | 1971-04-16 | Inst Ochistke Tekhno | Long life heat exchanger members |
| FR2096059A5 (en) * | 1970-06-10 | 1972-02-11 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | |
| PL95965B1 (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1977-11-30 | THE COOLER, ESPECIALLY BLOCK FURNACE |
-
1977
- 1977-04-21 DE DE2717641A patent/DE2717641C3/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-04-04 ZA ZA00781922A patent/ZA781922B/en unknown
- 1978-04-17 NL NL7804071A patent/NL7804071A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-04-19 LU LU79471A patent/LU79471A1/en unknown
- 1978-04-19 GB GB15377/78A patent/GB1572231A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-21 BE BE186997A patent/BE866239A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-04-21 FR FR7811930A patent/FR2388233A1/en active Granted
- 1978-04-21 IT IT22592/78A patent/IT1094125B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2388233B1 (en) | 1984-02-03 |
| DE2717641B2 (en) | 1980-08-14 |
| DE2717641C3 (en) | 1981-05-21 |
| IT1094125B (en) | 1985-07-26 |
| LU79471A1 (en) | 1978-09-29 |
| NL7804071A (en) | 1978-10-24 |
| BE866239A (en) | 1978-08-14 |
| FR2388233A1 (en) | 1978-11-17 |
| ZA781922B (en) | 1979-03-28 |
| DE2717641A1 (en) | 1978-11-02 |
| IT7822592A0 (en) | 1978-04-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |