GB1568803A - Self-supporting composite roofing slab - Google Patents

Self-supporting composite roofing slab Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1568803A
GB1568803A GB8081/78A GB808178A GB1568803A GB 1568803 A GB1568803 A GB 1568803A GB 8081/78 A GB8081/78 A GB 8081/78A GB 808178 A GB808178 A GB 808178A GB 1568803 A GB1568803 A GB 1568803A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
slab
layer
composite
roofing
wood wool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB8081/78A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jens Villadsens Fabriker AS
Original Assignee
Jens Villadsens Fabriker AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jens Villadsens Fabriker AS filed Critical Jens Villadsens Fabriker AS
Publication of GB1568803A publication Critical patent/GB1568803A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/047—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/06—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/354—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material more than one of the layers being composed of insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/067—Wood fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/24—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Description

(54) SELF-SUPPORTING COMPOSITE ROOFING SLAB (71) We AKTIESELSKABET JENS VILLADSENS FABRIKER, of Milepar ken 38, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark, a Com pany organised under the rules of Denmark do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us.
and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The invention relates to a self-supporting composite roofing slab and concerns such a slab having an upper layer provided with a waterproof top lining and a lower layer. said layers being united by a layer of an organic binder.
A proposed slab for use in the building industry consists of a layer of inorganic fibres and a waterproof lining. Such a slab has excellent insulation and fire resistance properties but presents the drawback that it Is not self-supporting. Consequently. when using slabs of the above mentioned type as roofing elements, it is necessary to provide independent supporting elements for said slabs.
Wood wool slabs, i.e. slabs made from long wood fibres which are coated with cement and bound together under pressure, have been used as self-supporting roofing elements. However, due to the relatively low bending strength of such wood wool slabs, relatively thick slabs. i.e. having a thickness of above 10 cm. should be used to make them self-supporting. Such thick slabs are very heavy and difficult to handle.
The specification of British patent specifi cation No. 1 445 787 discloses a composite slab comprising a pair of wood wool slabs between which is sandwiched a slab formed of a rigid foam of a synthetic plastics material.
Although the strength to thickness ratio is increased as compared with a single wood wool slab by providing a laminate as dis closed in the above mentioned British patent specification, relatively thick and consequently heavy wood wool slabs have to be utilised in order to make such slabs selfsupporting.
It is among the objects of the invention to provide a relatively light self-supporting composite roofing slab.
According to the invention there is provided a self-supporting composite roofing slab, comprising an upper layer of inorganic fibres and provided with a waterproof toplining, and a lower wood wool slab layer, said layers being bonded together by an intermediate layer of an organic binder.
Thus. it has been found that by laminating a layer of inorganic fibres with a relatively thin wool wool slab layer. i.e. a layer having a thickness of about 3.5 cm. by means of an intermediate layer of an organic binder, a roofing slab is obtained having a surprisingly high bending strength.
As an example it has been found that a mineral fibre layer of a thickness of 8 cm laminated with a wood wool slab of a thickness of 3.5 cm produces a roofing slab having a bending strength sufficiently high to make it self-supporting over a span of 1.8 m. When using a mineral fibre layer of a thickness of 18 cm, the roofing slab is self-supporting over a span of 2.4 m.
As a result of the use of a relatively thin wood wool slab the weight of a composite roofing slab embodying the invention is significantly lower than that of the proposed wood wool slabs.
The layer of organic binder is preferably thin in order to obtain a high fibre resistance of the composite slab, the remaining components of which, viz. the layer of inorganic fibres and the wood wool slab, are resistant to fire. By using such thin layers of organic binder. composite slabs have been produced for which the burning through time is above 60 minutes.
The layer of inorganic fibres is preferably made from mineral wood and in particular rockwool. However, other types of inorganic fibres, such as glass wool fibres, may also be utilised.
The top lining provided on the layer of inorganic fibres is preferably made from a roofing felt, which may be composed of one or more layers.
As indicated above, the wood wool slab preferably has a thickness of about 3.5 cm.
The layer of organic binder is preferably made from foamed resin so as to further improve the acoustic and thermal insulation properties of the composite slab. The thickness of such a foamed resin layer is preferably between 5 and 20 mm.
A particularly preferred embodiment of composite roofing slab embodying the invention comprises a moisture barrier, e.g. a metal foil, located within the layer of organic binder. Such a metal foil prevents moisture vapour from penetrating into the layer of mineral fibres from the underside of the composite slab and thus reducing the insulation properties of said layer.
An aluminium foil incorporated into a layer of polyurethane foam has been found to be particularly suitable because of the good adherence of the polyurethane foam to the aluminium foil. However, it should be mentioned that also other metal foils are suitable.
Examples of other binders suitable for use in the production of composite roofing slabs embodying the invention are phenolic resins and polyesters.
The upper layer of the composite roofing slab embodying the invention is preferably displaced relative to the wood wool slab so as to allow the edge portion of the fibre layer of one slab to overlap the edge portion of the wood wool slab of an adjacent composite slab. Such a construction has an improved fire resistance and a reduced moisture migration in the spaces between adjacent slabs.
A further advantage of the composite slabs embodying the invention is that they can be manufactured on a travelling conveyor belt.
Thus, the composite slab may be manufactured by successively introducing wood wool slabs located on a travelling belt and a metal foil into a spray station in which a foaming plastics material is sprayed onto the top surface of the wood wool slabs and the metal foil. The wood wool slabs, the metal foil and a layer of inorganic fibres are subsequently laminated by means of the foaming material. During the foaming process the plastics material penetrates into the surface of the wood wool slabs and the fibre layers and strong bonds are formed.
A self-supporting composite roofing slab embodying the invention is hereinafter described. by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a cross sectional view of one edge portion of the composite slab.
Referring to the drawing the slab shown has a mineral fibre layer 1 having a waterproof top (as viewed) lining 2 consisting of two layers of roofing felt. A layer 3 of polyurethane foam incorporating an aluminium foil 4 having a thickness of e.g. 40 llm is located between said mineral fibre layer 1 and a wood wool slab 5 having a thickness of e.g. 3.5 cm so as to form the composite roofing slab.
The polyurethane layer 3 not only serves as a binder but also imparts to the composite slab an increased thermal and acoustic insulation.
As will appear from the drawing, the mineral fibre layer 1 is displaced slightly with respect to the wood wool slab 5. Thus, at one end of the roofing slab the slab 5 overlaps the layer 1, as shown, and at the opposite end of the roofing slab the layer 1 overlaps the slab 5. This overlap, which may be about 35 mm, allows the edge portion of a mineral fibre layer 1 of a composite slab to overlap the edge portion of the wood wool slab 5 of an adjacent composite slab.
A wood fibre strip 6 is located between the wood wool slab 5 and the mineral fibre layer 1 along the edges of the composite slab so as to confine the foaming material of the layer 3 and so as to form a support for fixing means, if any. located in the spaces between the mineral fibre layer 1 of adjacent composite slabs.
The slab described above with reference to the drawings is a self-supporting roofing slab having improved acoustic and thermal insulation properties. which is fire resistant, an insulating layer of which is protected against the ingress of moisture from the underside of the slab.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A self-supporting composite roofing slab. comprising an upper layer of inorganic fibres and provided with a waterproof toplining, and a lower wood wool slab layer, said layers being bonded together by an intermediate layer of an organic binder.
2. A roofing slab according to Claim 1, in which the organic binder layer is a foamed resin incorporating a moisture barrier.
3. A roofing slab according to Claim 2, in which the moisture barrier is an aluminium foil.
4. A roofing slab according to Claim 1, in which the layer of inorganic fibre layers is displaced relative to the wood wool slab layer. so that at one end of the roofing slab the wood wool slab layer overlaps the layer of inorganic fibres and at the opposite end of the roofing slab the layer of inorganic
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (5)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. made from mineral wood and in particular rockwool. However, other types of inorganic fibres, such as glass wool fibres, may also be utilised. The top lining provided on the layer of inorganic fibres is preferably made from a roofing felt, which may be composed of one or more layers. As indicated above, the wood wool slab preferably has a thickness of about 3.5 cm. The layer of organic binder is preferably made from foamed resin so as to further improve the acoustic and thermal insulation properties of the composite slab. The thickness of such a foamed resin layer is preferably between 5 and 20 mm. A particularly preferred embodiment of composite roofing slab embodying the invention comprises a moisture barrier, e.g. a metal foil, located within the layer of organic binder. Such a metal foil prevents moisture vapour from penetrating into the layer of mineral fibres from the underside of the composite slab and thus reducing the insulation properties of said layer. An aluminium foil incorporated into a layer of polyurethane foam has been found to be particularly suitable because of the good adherence of the polyurethane foam to the aluminium foil. However, it should be mentioned that also other metal foils are suitable. Examples of other binders suitable for use in the production of composite roofing slabs embodying the invention are phenolic resins and polyesters. The upper layer of the composite roofing slab embodying the invention is preferably displaced relative to the wood wool slab so as to allow the edge portion of the fibre layer of one slab to overlap the edge portion of the wood wool slab of an adjacent composite slab. Such a construction has an improved fire resistance and a reduced moisture migration in the spaces between adjacent slabs. A further advantage of the composite slabs embodying the invention is that they can be manufactured on a travelling conveyor belt. Thus, the composite slab may be manufactured by successively introducing wood wool slabs located on a travelling belt and a metal foil into a spray station in which a foaming plastics material is sprayed onto the top surface of the wood wool slabs and the metal foil. The wood wool slabs, the metal foil and a layer of inorganic fibres are subsequently laminated by means of the foaming material. During the foaming process the plastics material penetrates into the surface of the wood wool slabs and the fibre layers and strong bonds are formed. A self-supporting composite roofing slab embodying the invention is hereinafter described. by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a cross sectional view of one edge portion of the composite slab. Referring to the drawing the slab shown has a mineral fibre layer 1 having a waterproof top (as viewed) lining 2 consisting of two layers of roofing felt. A layer 3 of polyurethane foam incorporating an aluminium foil 4 having a thickness of e.g. 40 llm is located between said mineral fibre layer 1 and a wood wool slab 5 having a thickness of e.g. 3.5 cm so as to form the composite roofing slab. The polyurethane layer 3 not only serves as a binder but also imparts to the composite slab an increased thermal and acoustic insulation. As will appear from the drawing, the mineral fibre layer 1 is displaced slightly with respect to the wood wool slab 5. Thus, at one end of the roofing slab the slab 5 overlaps the layer 1, as shown, and at the opposite end of the roofing slab the layer 1 overlaps the slab 5. This overlap, which may be about 35 mm, allows the edge portion of a mineral fibre layer 1 of a composite slab to overlap the edge portion of the wood wool slab 5 of an adjacent composite slab. A wood fibre strip 6 is located between the wood wool slab 5 and the mineral fibre layer 1 along the edges of the composite slab so as to confine the foaming material of the layer 3 and so as to form a support for fixing means, if any. located in the spaces between the mineral fibre layer 1 of adjacent composite slabs. The slab described above with reference to the drawings is a self-supporting roofing slab having improved acoustic and thermal insulation properties. which is fire resistant, an insulating layer of which is protected against the ingress of moisture from the underside of the slab. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A self-supporting composite roofing slab. comprising an upper layer of inorganic fibres and provided with a waterproof toplining, and a lower wood wool slab layer, said layers being bonded together by an intermediate layer of an organic binder.
2. A roofing slab according to Claim 1, in which the organic binder layer is a foamed resin incorporating a moisture barrier.
3. A roofing slab according to Claim 2, in which the moisture barrier is an aluminium foil.
4. A roofing slab according to Claim 1, in which the layer of inorganic fibre layers is displaced relative to the wood wool slab layer. so that at one end of the roofing slab the wood wool slab layer overlaps the layer of inorganic fibres and at the opposite end of the roofing slab the layer of inorganic
fibres overlaps the wood uool slab layer.
5. A self-supporting composite roofing slab substantiallv as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
GB8081/78A 1977-03-01 1978-03-01 Self-supporting composite roofing slab Expired GB1568803A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK89477AA DK141453B (en) 1977-03-01 1977-03-01 Composite, insulating roofing sheet.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1568803A true GB1568803A (en) 1980-06-04

Family

ID=8098740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8081/78A Expired GB1568803A (en) 1977-03-01 1978-03-01 Self-supporting composite roofing slab

Country Status (8)

Country Link
AT (1) AT367499B (en)
DE (1) DE2808822A1 (en)
DK (1) DK141453B (en)
FI (1) FI780702A (en)
GB (1) GB1568803A (en)
NL (1) NL7802150A (en)
NO (1) NO150324C (en)
SE (1) SE7802204L (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7116377U (en) * 1971-09-16 Kaul M Composite panel as a roof element and wall cladding and its associated cover element for the joints
DE1019071B (en) * 1952-04-16 1957-11-07 Johannes Cornelis Van Der Lind Process for the production of roof covering panels and panels produced by this process
SE394480B (en) * 1974-10-21 1977-06-27 Treullit Ab LIGHT CARRYING, EXTERIORING FROM HEAT INSULATION AND / OR SOUND ABSORBING MATERIAL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK89477A (en) 1978-09-02
NO150324C (en) 1984-09-26
DK141453B (en) 1980-03-17
NO150324B (en) 1984-06-18
AT367499B (en) 1982-07-12
ATA140078A (en) 1981-11-15
NL7802150A (en) 1978-09-05
SE7802204L (en) 1978-09-02
NO780695L (en) 1978-09-04
DK141453C (en) 1980-09-15
DE2808822A1 (en) 1978-09-14
FI780702A (en) 1978-09-02

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950301