GB1568616A - Corrosion resistant steels - Google Patents
Corrosion resistant steels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1568616A GB1568616A GB36722/77A GB3672277A GB1568616A GB 1568616 A GB1568616 A GB 1568616A GB 36722/77 A GB36722/77 A GB 36722/77A GB 3672277 A GB3672277 A GB 3672277A GB 1568616 A GB1568616 A GB 1568616A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- steel
- corrosion resistant
- content lies
- corrosion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title description 22
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);sulfide Chemical class [S-2].[Mn+2] VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO CORROSION
RESISTANT STEELS
(71) We, BRITISH STEEL CORPORATION, a Corporation incorporated and existing under the Iron and Steel Act 1967 whose principal office is at 33 Grosvenor Place, London, S.W.I do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The present invention relates to corrosion resistant steels, particularly chromium-containing high strength steels, for use principally in the construction industry.
It is well known that the presence of chromium in steels improves the corrosion resistant properties of steel. One well known corrosion resistant steel marketed under the Registered Trade Mark COR-TEN contains chromium in quantities varying between 0.3% and 1.25% by weight, with the best properties obtainable with a higher level of chromium. However even better corrosion resistant properties are obtainable with still higher levels of chromium, e.g. above 2.4% by weight. Above about 5.0 /O chromium by weight however, the steel becomes very costly so that a compromise needs to be sought between the achievement of acceptable corrosion resistant properties consistent with an acceptable product cost and adequate mechanical properters.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a steel fulfilling the above conditions.
According to the present invention a corrosion resistant steel is provided, the steel containing carbon 0.02 to 0.25% by weight, chromium 2.4or/ to 5.0 zO by weight, phosphorus 0.01% to 0.11% by weight, copper not more than 0.550/, by weight.
manganese 0.4% to 1.5% by weight, aluminium 0.02 ó to 0.15% by weight, silicon 0.2% to 0.8% by weight and optionally any one or more of the elements niobium, titanium and vanadium in the amounts niobium up to 0.15% by weight, titanium up to 0.15% by weight, vanadium up to 0.20% by weight, and combinations of more than one of the elements niobium, titanium and vanadium up to 0.20% by weight, the balance being iron except for incidental impurities.
Carbon of course has an important effect on the mechanical properties of the steel, particularly the tensile strength, but should not exceed 0.25% by weight, and preferably not 0.12% by weight, if high toughness is required. In addition the carbon level should not be below 0.02% by weight and preferably not below 0.03 , by weight.
The effect of chromium on the corrosion resistance of steel is well known and the Applicants have found that quantities between 2.40o and 5.opt by weight are particularly effective. However, to keep the cost of steel within reasonable limits the chromium content preferably lies within the range 2.4, ', to 3.5% by weight.
The Applicants have also found that small quantities of phosphorus and copper also improve the corrosion resistance of the steel and the phosphorus content lies within the range 0.01 ó to 0.11% by weight while the copper content should preferably not be below 0.05% by weight nor exceed 0.35% by weight.
Manganese should be present in the steel to prevent sulphur embrittlement by forming manganese sulphides and preferably the manganese content is within the range 0.4% to 1 .1 ó by weight.
The presence of aluminium within the range 0.02% to 0.15% by weight has also been found to enhance the corrosion resistance of the steel particularly when present in amounts above 0.06% by weight. However in practice it is seldom
necessary for the aluminium content to exceed 0.09% by weight for adequate
corrosion resistance to be obtained.
Silicon acts as a general deoxidant for the molten steel and is generally added
in a sufficient quantity so that the cast steel has a silicon content lying within the
range 0.2% to 0.8% by weight.
While not being essential, the elements niobium, titanium and vanadium either
present as separate entities or in combination have been found to provide
significant strengthening by precipitation or by grain refinement. This is desirable
where a combination of high strength and toughness is required. If present
individually niobium and titanium should not exceed 0.15% by weight, vanadium
should not exceed 0.20% by weight and if combinations of these grain refining or
stengthening elements are present the total content should not exceed 0.20% by
weight.
An embodiment of the invention will now be particularly described by way of
example only with reference to the accompanying drawing showing the results of
comparative atmospheric corrosion tests on a mild steeldesignated steel "A",
COR-TEN (Registered Trade Mark)designated steel "B" and steel "C", a steel
composition of the present invention shown in Table 1, at two sites in Great
Britain.
A steel (designated "C") having the composition shown in Table I in
accordance with the present invention was cast in the conventional manner to form
a solidified ingot. The resulting ingot was then hot-rolled to bloom and then to bar
of 19 mm round section in accordance with conventional practice. The steel was
then subjected to conventional tests for mechanical properties after various forms
of heat-treatment. Results for selected conditions are shown in Table II.
TABLE I
Steel 'C' Composition So by weight C Mn Si Cr S P Al Mo Cu Ni Sn 0.12 0.50 0.25 3.15 0.044 0.103 0.08g 0.05 0.30 0.10 0.028 TABLE II
Charpy 'V' Impact Tensile Properties, N/mm2 Absorbed , Energy 0.2% proof Elongation Reduction at in Area at 200C Heat Treatment stress T.S. % on 50 mm in Area % Joules 1/2 hour 900 C 328 634 25 61 73 normalise as AC As above, + 394 567 32 73 80 Tempered 1 hr. (Lower yield point) Y2 hr. 9000C 600 702 28 72 23 oil quenched and tempered 1 hr. 650 C To illustrate the suitability of the composition of the present invention for use in the as-rolled condition, a steel similar to steel "C" but with carbon content reduced to 0.085% by weight and with a niobium addition of 0.031% by weight exhibited the tensile properties given in Table III. In this example, an ingot was rolled to slab and hot-rolled to plate of final thickness 13 mm using a finish rolling temperature of 850"C. The plate was then slowly cooled to simulate the behaviour of plate at least 25 mm thick.
TABLE III
Tensile Properties, N/mtn2 Charpy 'V' Impact 0.2% proof Elongation Reduction Absorbed Energy at stress T.S. % cn 50 mm in Area % 200C Joules 353 539 31.7 74.0 100 The above properties are comparable with those of conventional structural weathering steels where high strength is necessary.
Referring to the drawing the composition of the mild steel-steel "A" is shown in Table IV.
TABLE IV
Mild Steel - Steel "A" Composition % by Weight
c T P | Mn Si Si | S 0.1 1 0.01 1 0.4 1 0.05 1 0.02 The composition of the COR-TEN steel-steel "B" is shown in Table V.
TABLE V COR - TEN - Steel - Steel "B" Composition % by Weight
C P Mn Si S Cr Cu Ni 0.1 0.085 0.3 0.32 0.033 0.55 0.45 0.11 In the drawing corrosion is expressed as corrosion penetration in microns and was obtained after exposure by determining the weight loss the steel specimens had suffered after rust had been removed.
In the drawing, Site I was Battersea, London, giving some indication of the relative corrosion rates of the specimens in an industrial environment. Site II was
Rye, Sussex, a coastal site, thus giving some indication of the relative corrosion rates of the steels in a corrosive marine environment.
It will be seen from the drawing that in all cases steel "C" was more corrosion resistant than either of the other two steels. In fact, at the Battersea-Site I after 2.1 years steel "C" had suffered only less than half the corrosion of steel "B" and the second year the rate of corrosion of steel "C" was less than one-quarter that of steel "B". Regarding the appearance of the steel specimens after exposure (results now shown) it was observed that steel "C" has a more compact, uniform and finegrained rust film than had steels "A" and "B". There was moreover after about two years of corrosion exposure at both sites a marked difference between steel''C" and the other steel specimens which were almost indistinguishable from each other.
Clearly the development of a stable rust film had proceeded much further on steel "C" than on the other steel specimens. After derusting the surfaces of the cleaned specimens were examined under the microscope for signs of pitting. The examination did not reveal any greater degree of pitting of steel "C" than of the other steels.
While not shown corrosion tests performed on steels similar to steel "C" over periods of three years or more showed that for these extended periods the improvement in corrosion resistance of the steels of the present invention is even more marked in comparison to the corrosion suffered by mild steel and COR-TEN steel over similar extended periods.
Claims (9)
1. A corrosion resistant steel containing carbon 0.02 ó to 0.25 ,ó by weight, chromium 2.4% to 5.0% by weight, phosphorus 0.01% to 0.11% by weight, copper not more than 0.55% by weight, manganese 0.4% to 1.5% by weight, aluminium 0.02% to 0.15% by weight, silicon 0.2% to 0.8% by weight and optionally any one or more of the elements niobium, titanium and vanadium in the amounts niobium up to 0.15% by weight, titanium up to 0.15% by weight, vanadium up to 0.02% by weight and combinations of more than one of the elements niobium, titanium and vanadium up to 0.02% by weight, the balance being iron except for incidental impurities.
2. A steel as claimed in claim 1 in which the carbon content lies between 0.030o and 0.12% by weight.
3. A steel as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which the chromium content lies between 2.4% and 3.5% by weight.
4. A steel as claimed in any preceding claim in which the phosphorus content lies between 0.01% and 0.11% by weight.
5. A steel as claimed in any preceding claim in which the copper content lies between 0.05% and 0.35% by weight.
6. A steel as claimed in any preceding claim in which the manganese content lies between 0.4% to 1.1% by weight.
7. A steel as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aluminium content lies between 0.06% and 0.09% by weight.
8. A steel as claimed in any preceding claim in which the silicon content lies between 0.2% and 0.8% by weight.
9. A corrosion resistant steel substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the example.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB36722/77A GB1568616A (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1977-09-02 | Corrosion resistant steels |
| FI782448A FI782448A (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1978-08-10 | FOERBAETTRINGAR I OCH ANGAOENDE ROSTFRIA STAOL |
| JP9992578A JPS5443820A (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1978-08-16 | Corrosion resistant steel |
| BE190056A BE869954A (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1978-08-24 | CORROSION RESISTANT STEELS |
| FR7825132A FR2402007A1 (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1978-08-31 | IMPROVEMENTS TO CORROSION RESISTANT STEELS |
| DE19782838108 DE2838108A1 (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1978-08-31 | STAINLESS STEEL |
| IT7869029A IT7869029A0 (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1978-09-01 | CORROSION RESISTANT STEEL |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB36722/77A GB1568616A (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1977-09-02 | Corrosion resistant steels |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1568616A true GB1568616A (en) | 1980-06-04 |
Family
ID=10390664
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB36722/77A Expired GB1568616A (en) | 1977-09-02 | 1977-09-02 | Corrosion resistant steels |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5443820A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE869954A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2838108A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI782448A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2402007A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1568616A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7869029A0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0256429A1 (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-24 | Thyssen Stahl Aktiengesellschaft | Constructional steel resistant to stress corrosion cracking |
| EP0995809A1 (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 2000-04-26 | Sumitomo Metal Industries Limited | Steel for oil well pipes with high wet carbon dioxide gas corrosion resistance and high seawater corrosion resistance, and seamless oil well pipe |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110343940A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-10-18 | 张家港宏昌钢板有限公司 | The manufacturing method of high anti-corrosion weathering steel |
-
1977
- 1977-09-02 GB GB36722/77A patent/GB1568616A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-08-10 FI FI782448A patent/FI782448A/en unknown
- 1978-08-16 JP JP9992578A patent/JPS5443820A/en active Pending
- 1978-08-24 BE BE190056A patent/BE869954A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-31 FR FR7825132A patent/FR2402007A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-08-31 DE DE19782838108 patent/DE2838108A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-09-01 IT IT7869029A patent/IT7869029A0/en unknown
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0256429A1 (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-24 | Thyssen Stahl Aktiengesellschaft | Constructional steel resistant to stress corrosion cracking |
| EP0995809A1 (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 2000-04-26 | Sumitomo Metal Industries Limited | Steel for oil well pipes with high wet carbon dioxide gas corrosion resistance and high seawater corrosion resistance, and seamless oil well pipe |
| EP0995809A4 (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 2000-12-13 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Steel for oil well pipes with high wet carbon dioxide gas corrosion resistance and high seawater corrosion resistance, and seamless oil well pipe |
| US6217676B1 (en) | 1997-09-29 | 2001-04-17 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Steel for oil well pipe with high corrosion resistance to wet carbon dioxide and seawater, and a seamless oil well pipe |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI782448A (en) | 1979-03-03 |
| IT7869029A0 (en) | 1978-09-01 |
| JPS5443820A (en) | 1979-04-06 |
| DE2838108A1 (en) | 1979-03-15 |
| BE869954A (en) | 1978-12-18 |
| FR2402007A1 (en) | 1979-03-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |