GB1567036A

GB1567036A - Method and apparatus for the application of finely divided particles to an elongate paper band

Info

Publication number: GB1567036A
Application number: GB29592/76A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: ROTHMANS OF PALL MALL; Rothmans of Pall Mall Canada Ltd
Current assignee: ROTHMANS OF PALL MALL; Rothmans Benson and Hedges Inc
Priority date: 1976-07-15
Filing date: 1976-07-15
Publication date: 1980-05-08
Also published as: ZA774131B; CA1086577A

Description

(54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE APPLICATION OF FINELY DIVIDED PARTICLES TO AN ELONGATE PAPER BAND (71) We, ROTHMANS OF PALL MALL CANADA LIMITED, a company organised and existing under the laws of Canada, having its full post office address at 75 DuKlaw Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to methods and apparatus for the application of finely divlded Particles to an elongate paper band.

In the manufacture of cigarettes, a continuous tobacco filler rod is wrapped in paper to provide a continuous cigarette rod which is separated into individual cigarettes. The paper usually bears brand identification printing which sometimes includes raised metallic decorative printing.

The raised metallic printing is applied byi a procedure known as "bronzing" wherein: very fine particulate metal, for example, bronze alloy where a gold-like appearance is desired, is adhered to the cigarette paper in a desired pattern. The bronzing is carried out when the paper is in the form of a continuous band.

In a conventional bronzing procedure, the portions of the paper band to which the metal particles are to adhere are first printed with brown adhesive-containing ink m the desired pattern. Brown-colored ink is used so that in the event of metal particles not being adhered to the printed areas, or being subsequently removed, at least an appearance of the intended bronzed area remains. Following the printing of the paper with the brown ink and before the ink has dried, the paper band is drawn tangentially against the face of a roller having the very fine metallic particles loosely spread thereon, typically having a felt fabric surface or a roughened surface, the roller rotating so that the portion thereof engaging the paper is moving in the opposite direction to the paper band.

Metallic particles which remain in contact with the paper surface in the non-inked areas are scraped from the paper surface by a second roller arranged adjacent the first roller to engage the paper downstream of the first roller. The second roller usually has a roughened surface to facilitate removal of these unwanted particles.

Feed of the fine metallic particles to the first roller is achieved by providing a bulk mass of such particles, a third roller having a roughened or felt material surface dipping into the bulk of particles and engaging the first roller in particle transfer relationship and a doctor blade for removal of excess particles from the third roller.

Excess particles removed from the paper band by the second roller and those particles not adhering to the paper band upon the application by the first roller fall into a catch bin from where they are transported to the bulk mass of the particles.

The bronzing application apparatus is enclosed within a generally box-like housing through which the paper band continuously passes. Metallic particles are fed to the bulk mass in the housing as required.

This conventional prior art operation is not very satisfactory in a number of respects. Thus, the metallic particles are only inconsistently applied to the paper resulting in a non-uniform product appearance. The non-uniform appearance is an unsatisfactory result from a product quality point of view; The manner of application gives rise to air borne particles which enter the bearings and moving parts of the apparatus, causing premature wearing of parts and breakdown.

The rubbing of the first and second rollers on the paper band removes fibres from the paper, known as "lint", and the fibres mix with the recycling metal particles, causing impaired flowability of the metal particles.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band bearing on one face thereof repeated pattern outlines at longitudinally-spaced locations and having adhesive for the particles applied to the outlines, which comprises: air-conveying particles to an application zone, passing the airconveyed particles through the application zone in a generally spiral path while the paper band is in continuous longitudinal motion through the application zone over a generally rectilinear path with one face of the paper band intersecting the spiral path, so that the air-conveyed particles repeatedly impinge upon that face of the paper band during the passage of the band through the application zone, to adhere particles to successive ones of adhesive outlines, collect ing excess particles not adhered to the outlines in the spray application in the application zone, and air-conveying the collected particles away from the application zone.

According to another aspect of the pre sent invention there is provided apparatus for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band bearing on one face thereof repeated pattern outlines at longitudinally-spaced locations and having adhesive for the particles applied to the outlines, the apparatus comprising a particle application unit comprising an elongate cylindrical member which is closed at its ends and which has an inlet for an air-borne stream of finely-divided particles and an outlet for excess finely-divided particles, the inlet and the outlet being arranged tangen tially to the internal wall of the cylindrical member adjacent the respective opposite ends thereof to provide, in use, a substantial spiral flow of the finely-divided particles from one end of the cylinder to the other along the internal wall of the cylindrical member. paper path defining means being provided for maintaining the paper in a rectilinear path through the cylindrical member adjacent the internal wall with the one face thereof facing internally of the cylindrical member to intersect the spiral path of the finely-divided particles to cause the application of the particles to the out lines and adherence of particles to succes sive ones of the adhesive outlines to provide successive outlines in the partides - on the band, means for forming an air-borne stream of finely-divided particles and con veying the same to the application unit, and means for forming an air-borne stream from the excess finely-divided particles and con veying the same away from the application unit.

In the embodiments of the present inven tion, no moving parts are used in the actual bronzing application and a consistent pro duct is formed, in contrast to the prior art.

While the present invention is particularly useful for applying finely-divided metal par ticles, the invention is not limited thereto but is applicable also to other finely-divided particulate material capable of being sus pended in a flowing air stream and being adhered to an adhesive outline on a paper surface.

For a better understanding of the present invention, and to show how it may be carried into effect reference will now be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of a bronzing system; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a bronzing system; Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a bronzing system; Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a modification of the embodiment shown in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a sectional view of an applica tion unit for use on any of the systems of Figures 1 to 4, taken on line V - V of Figure 6; and Figure 6 is a perspective view of the application unit of Figure 5.

Referring first to Figure 1 of the drawings, there is shown a bronzing system for a continuous cigarette paper band 10 which includes a bronzing application unit 12. The bronzing application unit 12 is shown in Figures 5 and 6. The unit 12 takes the form of an elongate hollow cylindrical member 90 closed at its opposite ends and having the paper band 10 passing there-through axially of the tube adjacent the side wall 91 with the ink-printed side facing inwardly of the tube wall. A tangential inlet pipe 92 is provided at one end of the cylinder 90 and a tangential outlet pipe 94 is provided at the other end of the cylinder 90.

The tangential inlet pipe 92 is connected to a feed line 42 while the tangential outlet pipe 94 is connected to a return line 52. The tangential feed of the air-borne metal parti cles to the cylinder 90 causes the metal particles to flow in a spiral path between the inlet pipe 92 to the outlet pipe 94 passing adjacent the inner wall of the tube 90.

In this way, the metal particles engage the paper band 10 several times in its passage through the tube 90. The same charge of metal particles, therefore, may be used for bronzing several consecutive designs on the paper band 10, and thereby decrease the dead load of metallic particles circulating to and from the application unit 12.

An elongate baffle 96 is provided inside the tube 90 adjacent and slightly overlapping the longitudinal edge of the paper band 10 facing the spirally circulating air-borne metal particles. The baffle 9 assists in guiding the metal particles over the face of the paper band 10 and preventing metal particles from passing between the paper band 10 and the adjacent tube wall 91.

The application unit 12 is connected to a remotely-located metal particles source unit 28. The source unit 28 in the illustrated embodiment includes a storage container 29 holding a bulk mass 30 of the metal particles desired to be applied to the paper band 10.

A screw conveyor feeder 32 is connected to the container 29 and extends generally horizontally from the bulk mass 30 externally of the container 29 and into an enclosed housing 34. A drive motor 36 is operatively connected to the feeder 32.

The housing 34 has an air sparger 38 located therein adjacent the feeder 32 for blowing metal particles off the feeder 32 to form an air-borne mass of metal particles.

The air sparger 38 is connected to a source of compressed air 40.

The exit of the housing 34 is connected to the inlet pipe 92 by the pipe line 42 for conveying an air borne stream of metal particles formed in the housing 34 to the mlet pipe 92.

A cyclone separator 44, or other convenient air/solids separator, is provided with its heavy fraction discharge pipe 46 communicating with the container 29 and its light fraction discharge pipe 48 communicating with atmosphere.

The inlet pipe 50 of the cyclone separator 46 is connected to the metal particles outlet pipe 94 of the application unit 12 for recycle of excess metal particles from the application unit 12 to the surce unit 28 by the pipe line 52.

A venturi-type air feed device 54 is provided in association with the pipe line 52 for feed of conveying air to the pipe line 52 from a source of compressed air 56 to enable the excess particles to be forwarded to the cyclone separator 46 as an air-borne stream.

The embodiment of Figure 1 operates in the following manner. As the paper band 10 passes through the application unit 12, after printing on the side thereof intended to face inwardly of the cylinder 90 of the outline of the bronzing pattern desired with brown ink or other adhesive ink in conventional manner in a printing zone, now shown, the sprially-flowing fine metallic particles impinge onto the band surface to cause metal particles to adhere to the wet ink areas and provide the bronzed pattern appearance desired.

Metal particles which do not adhere to the wet ink or otherwise do not remain in contact with the surface of the paper band 10 are discharged through the outlet pipe 94.

The air-conveyed feed of fine metal particles to the inlet pipe 92 from the source unit 28 by line 42 is formed by particles blown from the surface of the screw conveyor 32 and carried out of the housing 34 under the indluence ocf the compressed air feed in line 40. The motor 26 rotates the screw conveyor 32 at the speed required to remove the quantity of metal particles from the bulk mass 30 to be sprayed onto the paper band 10.

The excess particles are returned to the source unit 28 under the influence of the compressed air feed in line 40 as an air conveyed stream in line 52 entering the inlet 50 of the cyclone separator 44. The recycled metal particles drop through the heavy fractions exit pipe 46 into the bulk mass 30 of the particles while the air is discharged from the light fraction exit pipe 48.

The bronzing operation described above with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, therefore, requires no moving parts with the exception of the screw conveyor 32 which is located remote from the application unit 12, readily and cleanly recovers excess metal particles, achieves efficient and consistent bronzing, and controls the flow of the quantity of bronzing particles, thereby overcoming the problems of prior art bronzing operations enumerated above.

Any lint which may be formed is removed from the system by the air exit pipe 48 so that the prior art problems occasioned by the presence of increasing and recycling quantities of lint are avoided.

The application unit 12 and the source unit 28 may be widely separated from each other, allowing greater flexibility in the relative locations thereof than is possible with the prior art device, wherein all the parts are in a single unit.

Since the bulk size of the application unit 12 is considerably less than the prior art bronzing unit, the area of the printing zone of the cigarette making machine occuppied by the bronzing application unit is considerably less in the embodiment described.

Various modifications may be made to the procedure described above with reference to Figure 1 within the scope of the invention. For example, the metallic particles in line 52 may be recycled to the housing 34. In this modification, the heavy fraction exit pipe 46 of the cyclone separator 44 communicates directly with the housing 34 instead of with the storage container 28.

Air for conveying the particles by line 42 is provided in this embodiment either as a feed of compressed air in line 40 to the housing 34 or by using a venturi-type compressed air feed similar in structure to air feed 54 but having a higher pressure compressed air feed than air feed 54.

The modification of the system of the embodiment of Figure 1 is advantageous in that the quantity of fresh metal particles required to be removed from the bulk mass 30 during operation is only that required to make up for the quantity used up in the bronzing application unit 12, in contrast to the operation of Figure 1 where recycle material as well as material for consumption myst be removed from the bulk mass 30.

Since the majority of the metal articles entering the cylinder 10 is returned by line 52, it is advantageous to operate in accordance with this modification, in view of the simplified procedure.

A sensing device may be provided in association with the particle feed system to sense the further quantities of particles required to make up for that consumed from the cycling material in the bronzing operation and activate the motor 34 to meter the required amount of particles into the feed stream on a continuous or intermittent basis from the bulk mass 30.

Turning now to the embodiment of Figure 2 there is illustrated an alternative to the procedure of Figure 1, although the actual bronzing step occurs in identical manner to that described above with reference to Figure 1. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the external compressed air flows in lines 38 and 56 required for circulation of the metal particles in the embodiment of Figure 1 are omitted, and are replaced by a centrifugal fan 60 which provides the motive force for the air borne streams of metallic particles to and from the bronzing application unit 12.

In the embodiment, the particles which do not adhere to the wet ink on the paper 10 or do not otherwise remain in contact with the surface of the paper 10 and thus pass out of the bronzing application unit 12 through the outlet pipe 94 are air conveyed under the suction force of the upstream side of the fan 60.

At the downstream side of the fan 60, the metal particles are blown into an air/solid separator of any convenient form, such as a cyclone separator 62. An air borne stream of metal particles passes out of the heavy fractions discharge pipe 64 of the cyclone separator 62 into line 42 for passage to the bronzing application unit 12.

The metal particles which impinge on the surface of the paper 10, therefore, are fed as a suspension in an air stream flowing under the compressive force of the fan 0.

The fan 6() circulates the air in which the particles are suspended through a virtually closed system, so that the motive forcc for the cyclic flow of metal particles in the system is provided by the fan hO. If desired, the fan 60 may be replaced by an alternative single unit which can circulate air through a substantially closed loop.

The light fraction discharge pipe 66 of the cyclone separator 62 is provided with a valve 68 to control the flow of air out of the separator 62. Thus, any small Icaks of air into the bronzing application unit 12 around the entrance and exit slits for the paper band 10 are compensated for by the controlled discharge of an equivalent quantity of air through the valved pipe 68 so that the overall pressure balance in the system is substantially uniform. Preferably, the discharge through the valved pipe 68 is controlled to provide a positive inflow of air around the entrance and exit slits, so that outflow of air cannot occur at these points.

The controlled discharge of air from the system through the valve 68 also allows for any lint removal which may be necessary.

As in the case of the modification of the embodiment of Figure 1 described above, the quantity of metallic particles circulating in the system may be sensed in any convenient manner and make up quantities of particles may be fed to the system on an intermittent or continuous basis as required.

The feed of metal particles to the system may be achieved in any convenient manner, such as, by use of the procedure described above in connection with Figure 1. The introduction of feed material to the system may occur at any convenient location, for example, by line 70 into the recycle line 52.

The bronzing application unit 12 may be positioned at a location remote from the remaining portions of the apparatus, including the metal particle source feed 70, achieving flexibility in relative locations In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3, there is shown an improvement of the procedure of the embodiment of Figure 2.

When using the embodiment of Figure 2, it was found that under certain conditions, the passage of the air borne metal particles through the centrifugal fan 60 resulted in degradation of the metal particles and damage to the fan. In the embodiment of Figure 3, this problem is overcome by positioning a fan 72 in the light fraction exit of a cyclone separator 74.

The return line 52 from the application unit 12 is connected to the input of the cyclone separator 74 as in the case of the embodiment of Figure 1. The heavy fractions discharge pipe 76 feeds into the container 29 of the source unit 28. An air lock valve 78 is located between the cyclone separator 74 and the container 29 to allow the particles to pass into the container 29 while isolating the action of the fan 72 from the container 29.

The fan 72 draws air through the system and the air conveys the metal particles as an air-borne stream from the source unit 28, operating as described above in connection with the embodiment of Figure 1, except that air is drawn into pipe 38 instead of being blown, to the application unit 12 and then to the cyclone separator 74.

The fan 72 may be replaced by any other convenient suction device capable of drawing air through the system from the source unit 28 to convey the metal particles in the form of air-borne streams. Similarly, any convenient air/solids separator may be used in lace of the cyclone separator 74.

The embodiment of Figure 3, therefore, achieves the beneficial effects of a single motive force for the air-borne metallic Particle streams passing to and from the bronzing application unit, as in the case of the embodiment of Figure 2, while avoiding the possibility of degradation of the bronz ing material and the fan by the passage of the metal particles through the fan.

Figure 4 illustrates a modification of the embodiment of Figure 3 which is similar to the modification of the embodiment of Figure 1 previously described. In this mod ification, the heavy fraction pipe 76 feeds directly to the air intake 38. A sensor 80 of any convenient construction is provided in the feed line 42 to determine the quantity of metal particles passing in the system. The sensed signal controls the operation of the motor 36 and hence the quantity of fresh particulate material entering the feed line 42.

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A method for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band bearing on one face thereof repeated pattern outlines at longitudinally-spaced locations and having adhesive for the particles applied to the outlines, which comprises: air-conveying particles to an application zone, passing the air-conveyed particles through the application zone in a generally spiral path while the paper band is in continuous longitudinal motioon through the application zone over a generally rectilinear path with one face of the paper band intersecting the spiral path, so that the air-conveyed particles repeatedly impinge upon that face of the paper band during the passage of the band through the application zone, to adhere particles to successive ones of adhesive outlines, collecting excess particles not adhered to the outlines in the spray application in the application zone, and air-conveying the collected particles away from the application zone.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the particles are air-conveyed to and from the application zone by separate compressed air feeds.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the particles are air-conveyed to and from the application zone by flowing air streams formed by a single air movement inducing means.

4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, including separating the excess particles from the air conveying them and recycling the separated excess particles to the application zone as at least part of the air-conveyed particles passing to the application zone.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, including mixing additional quantities of particles with the excess particles to provide the remainder of the particles air-conveyed to the application zone.

6. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, including separating the excess particles from the air conveying them, forwarding the separated particles to a mass of the particles and forming the air-conveyed stream of particles passing to the apPlication zone from the mass of the particles.

7. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the particles are finely-divided metal particles.

8. A method for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1,2, 3 or 4, and to Figures 5 and 6, of the accompanying drawings.

9. An elongate paper band intended for use in the formation of paper-wrapped cigarettes bearing repeated raised patterms at longitudinally-spaced locations comprising adhered particles whenever applied by a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Apparatus for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band bearing on one face thereof repeated pattern outlines at longitudinally-spaced locations and having adhesive for the particles applied to the outlines, the apparatus comprising a particle application unit comprising an elongate cylindrical member which is closed at its ends and which has an

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. valve 78 is located between the cyclone separator 74 and the container 29 to allow the particles to pass into the container 29 while isolating the action of the fan 72 from the container 29. The fan 72 draws air through the system and the air conveys the metal particles as an air-borne stream from the source unit 28, operating as described above in connection with the embodiment of Figure 1, except that air is drawn into pipe 38 instead of being blown, to the application unit 12 and then to the cyclone separator 74. The fan 72 may be replaced by any other convenient suction device capable of drawing air through the system from the source unit 28 to convey the metal particles in the form of air-borne streams. Similarly, any convenient air/solids separator may be used in lace of the cyclone separator 74. The embodiment of Figure 3, therefore, achieves the beneficial effects of a single motive force for the air-borne metallic Particle streams passing to and from the bronzing application unit, as in the case of the embodiment of Figure 2, while avoiding the possibility of degradation of the bronz ing material and the fan by the passage of the metal particles through the fan. Figure 4 illustrates a modification of the embodiment of Figure 3 which is similar to the modification of the embodiment of Figure 1 previously described. In this mod ification, the heavy fraction pipe 76 feeds directly to the air intake 38. A sensor 80 of any convenient construction is provided in the feed line 42 to determine the quantity of metal particles passing in the system. The sensed signal controls the operation of the motor 36 and hence the quantity of fresh particulate material entering the feed line 42. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

1. A method for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band bearing on one face thereof repeated pattern outlines at longitudinally-spaced locations and having adhesive for the particles applied to the outlines, which comprises: air-conveying particles to an application zone, passing the air-conveyed particles through the application zone in a generally spiral path while the paper band is in continuous longitudinal motioon through the application zone over a generally rectilinear path with one face of the paper band intersecting the spiral path, so that the air-conveyed particles repeatedly impinge upon that face of the paper band during the passage of the band through the application zone, to adhere particles to successive ones of adhesive outlines, collecting excess particles not adhered to the outlines in the spray application in the application zone, and air-conveying the collected particles away from the application zone.

inlet for an air-borne stream of finelydivided particles and an outlet for excess finely-divided particles, the-inlet and the outlet being arranged tangentially to the internal wall of the cylindrical member adjacent the respective opposite ends thereof to provide, in use, a substantial sprial flow of the finely-divided particles from one end of the cylinder to the other along the internal wall of the cylindrical member, paper path defining means being provided for maintaining the paper in a rectilinear path through the cylindrical member adja- cent the internal wall with the one face thereof facing internally of the cylindrical member to intersect the spiral path of the finely-divided particles, to cause the application of the particles to the outlines and adherence of particles to successive ones of the adhesive outlines to provide successive outlines in the particles on the band, means for forming an air-borne stream of finelydivided particles and conveying the same to the application unit, and means for forming an air-borne stream from the excess finelypdivided particles and conveying the same away from the application unit.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 10. in which a finely-divided particles source unit is connected to the inlet and the outlet of the application unit by first and second conduits through which respectively flow the airborne stream of finely-divided particles and the air-borne steam of excess particles.

12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, in which the source unit comprises a container containing a mass of the finely-divided particles and a metering device for feeding finely-divided particles from the mass thereof for formation of the air-borne stream in the first conduit.

13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, in which a cyclone separator is provided having its inlet connected to the second conduit and its heavy fraction outlet communicating directly either with the container for feeding the excess particles to the mass thereof, or with the first conduit for feeding the excess particles to the first conduit to provide at least part of the particles in the first conduit

14.Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13, in which a first source of compressed air is operatively connected to the first conduit for forming the air-borne stream of finely-divided particles and conveying the stream through the first conduit to the application unit, and in which a second source of compressed air is operatively connected to the second conduit for forming the air-borne stream odf excess particles and conveying the latter stream through the second conduit to the source unit.

15. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13, including a vacuum inducer associated with the source unit and opera tively connected with the second conduit, the application unit and the first conduit for forming the air-borne stream of finely divided particles, conveying that stream through the first conduit to the application unit, forming the air-borne stream of excess particles-and conveying that stream through the second conduit to the source unit.

16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 15, in which the vacuum inducer comprises a centrifugal fan connected at its input side to the light fraction outlet of a cyclone separ factor the inlet of the cyclone separator being connected to the second conduit and the heavy fraction outlet of the cyclone separ ator ator being valved for selective discharge of the- excess particles from the cyclone separ ator, and an air bleed being connected to the first conduit.

17. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13, in which the source unit includes a centrifugal fan and a - cyclone separator, the second conduit is connected to the input side of the centrifugal fan, the output side of the centrifugal fan is con nected to the inlet of the cyclone separator, the heavy fraction outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to- the first conduit and the light fraction outlet of the cyclone separator is valved to control the discharge of air therefrom, so that air is circulated by the fan in a substantially closed loop to an from the application unit through the first and second conduits.

18. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 17, in which a sensor is operatively connected to the first conduit for sensing the quantity of particles in the air-borne stream in the first conduit, and in which a control mechanism for the metering device is operatively connected to the sensor for feeding particles from the mass thereof into the first conduit in accordance with the sensed quantity of particles.

19. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 18, in which the paper path defining means includes an elongate baffle located internally of the cylindrical member adjacent to an slightly overlapping the leading longitudinal edge of the paper band with respect to the spirally circulating particless, to guide the particles over the face of the paper band.

20. Apparatus for the application of finely-divided particles to an elongate paper band, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as illustrated in, Figures 1, 2, 3 or 4 and Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.

21. An elongate paper band bearing repeated raised patterns at longitudinallyspaced locations comprising adhered particles whenever applied using apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 20.