GB1564937A - Optoelectronic coupler - Google Patents
Optoelectronic coupler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1564937A GB1564937A GB5188176A GB5188176A GB1564937A GB 1564937 A GB1564937 A GB 1564937A GB 5188176 A GB5188176 A GB 5188176A GB 5188176 A GB5188176 A GB 5188176A GB 1564937 A GB1564937 A GB 1564937A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- light
- detecting
- base
- light emitting
- emitting element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/12—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof structurally associated with, e.g. formed in or on a common substrate with, one or more electric light sources, e.g. electroluminescent light sources, and electrically or optically coupled thereto
- H01L31/16—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof structurally associated with, e.g. formed in or on a common substrate with, one or more electric light sources, e.g. electroluminescent light sources, and electrically or optically coupled thereto the semiconductor device sensitive to radiation being controlled by the light source or sources
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photo Coupler, Interrupter, Optical-To-Optical Conversion Devices (AREA)
Description
(54) OPTOELECTRONIC COUPLER
(711) We, TOKYO SHIBAURA ELECTRIC
COMPANY LIMITED, a Japnese corporation, of 72 Horikawa-cho, Saiwai-ku,
Kawasaki-shi, Japan, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The present invention relates to an optoelectronic coupler.
Optoelectronic couplers have been known as an optoelectronic transducer with a light emitting element and a light detecting element which are optically coupled to each other but electrically isolated from each other. Of them, DIP type couplers, because of their properties, have been widely used as coupling elements in logic circuits, analog relays, motor controls and so on.
Of various electrical characteristics of the optoelectronic couplers, the optoelectronic conversion efficiency and the input-to-output conversion efficiency are most important, and many attempts have been made to improve these characteristics. However, in order to improve the electrical characteristics of the optoelectronic couplers, the following problems must be solved so that so far no satisfactory result has been attained yet:
(1) With decrease in distance between the light emitting and detecting elements, the conversion efficiencies may be increased accordingly, but the breakdown voltage between the input or light emitting element and the output or the light detecting element
is decreased,
(2) With the use of a light emitting element capable of producing a high optical ioutput, the conversion efficiencies may be increased, but this results in inevitable increase in cost,
(3) In like manner with the use of a light detecting element which is highly sensitive the conversion efficiencies may be improved, but this results in increase in cost as well as leakage current or dark current.
Furthermore, in order to provide optoelectronic couplers with a conversion efficiency within a predetermined range, they
must be fabricated with a higher degree of
accuracy and the improvement of the con
version efficiency is greatly dependent upon
how accurately the components are fabricated
and assembled so that the reduction in
rejection ratio; that is, the increase in yield
has been a very difficult problem.
An object of the present invention is to
provide an optoelectronic coupler which is
very simple in construction and inexpensive
to manufacture yet exhibits very satisfactory
conversion efficiency and has a breakdown
voltage within a predetermined range.
According to the present invention there is
provided an optoelectronic coupler com
prising: a first base, a light-emitting element
mounted on said first base, at least one onput
lead extending through said first base and
electrically connected to said light-emitting
element, a second base, a light-detecting
element disposed in opposed relation with
said light-emitting element and mounted on
said second base, at least one output lead
extending through said second base and electrically connected to said light-detecting
element, a light propagation space defined
between said light-emitting and light-detect
ing elements, a casing which encloses said
light-emitting and light-detecting elements,
and a highly reflective and highly electrically
insulating isolation wall formed so as to
surround said light propagation space.
The present invention can provide an
optoelectronic coupler the desired electrical
characteristics of which are independent of
the configuration and dimensions of the light
propagation space or path so that the manu
facture may be much facilitated.
Embodiments of the present invention will
now be described with reference to the accom
panying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an
optoelectronic coupler is accordance with the
present invention; and
Figure 2 shows a modification of the
embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Same reference numerals are used to
designate similar parts throughout the
Figures.
In Figure 1 there is shown a first optoelectronic coupler in accordance with the present invention. A monochromatic-light emitting element 1 capable of emitting nearinfrared rays and consisting of, for example, a gallium-arsenide based pellet is disposed in opposed relation with a highly sensitive light detecting element 2. A pair of leads 3 are electrically connected to the light emitting element 1 while a pair of output leads are connected to the light detecting element 2.
The space between the light emitting and detecting elements 1 and 2 which defines a light propagation path is filled with a transparent material 5 such as silicone resin. The optoelectronic coupler has cylindrical outer walls 8 of metal and is therefore generally called "metaltype". A light emitting section 10 consists of the light emitting element 1 mounted on a base 9 and of a part of the transparent material 5 and a light detecting section 12 consists of the light detecting element 2 mounted on a base 11 and of the other part of the transparent material 5. The light emitting and detecting sections 10 and 11 are separately fabricated and are securely joined to each other as shown in Figure 1.
Optical isolation walls 7 are interposed between the transparent material 5 which defines the light propagation path and the metallic walls 8 when the light emitting and detecting sections 10 and 12 are fabricated.
The isolation walls 7 are opaque and have a high reflectivity so that a higher efficiency may be ensured in transmission of light from the light emitting element 1 to the light detecting element 2. The isolation walls 7 are formed by coating or spraying a mixture consisting of a coloured pigment (generally a white pigment), a filler and a vehicle, over the outer surfaces of the transparent material 5. More particularly, the isolation wall 7 must be made of a material which not only exhibits a high reflectivity, a high electrical insulation and a high resistance to light but also is chemically stable with silicone or other material of which is made the transparent material 5 and with epoxy resin or other material of which is made the isolation wall 7. For instance, the material of the isolation wall 7 may consist of titanium oxide or zinc oxide as a white pigment, titanium oxide or zinc oxide as a filler and silicone oil or silicone resin as a vehicle.
A modification of the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 is shown in Figure 2, and is generally called "ceramic type". At its name implies, an internal structure or assembly is encapsulated in a ceramic tube 13.
The coupler consists of a light emitting section
14 in which the light emitting element 1 is mounted on the base 9 and is encapsulated in the transparent material 5, and a light detecting section 15 in which the light detecting element 2 is mounted on the base 11 and
is encapsulated in the transparent material
5. In production, the light emitting and detecting sections 14 and 15 are fabricated separately, and assembled together such that the light emitting and detecting elements 1
and 2 are opposed to each other in the cera
mic tube 13. Both the transparent materials
are in the form of a convergent lens so that the
higher light transmission efficiency may be
ensured. Furthermore, the highly reflective isolation wall 7 is formed within the light propagation space within the ceramic tube
13 between the light emitting and detecting
sections 14 and 15 over the inner wall surface
of the ceramic tube 13 so that almost all of light emitted from the light emitting element
1 may be incident into the light detecting
element 2.
With the above constructions of optoelectronic couplers in accordance with the present invention, the light emitted from the light emitting element 1 is subjected to diffuse reflection by the highly reflective isolation wall 7 and is transmitted through the transparent material 5, constituting the space of light path, and as a result is for the most part incident into the light detecting element 2. Consequently, the conversion efficiency, that is, the ratio of the input to the output, may be considerably improved to almost twice as compared with the prior art couplers. In case of the optoelectronic couplers which may have a conversion efficiency within a predetermined range, the conversion efficiency is almost independent of the light propagation path, that is, the configuration and length of the propagation path. Therefore they may be fabricated with a lesser degree of accuracy so that the production steps may be much facilitated and consequently the rejection ratio may be decreased by about 20 % as compared with the prior art.
Each illustrated embodiment of the present invention is an optoelectronic coupler which is extremely simple in construction and manufacture yet has a high conversion efficiency.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. An optoelectronic coupler comprising:
a first base, a light-emitting element mounted
on said first base, at least one input lead
extending through said first base and electric
ally connected to said light-emitting element,
a second base, a light-detecting element
disposed in opposed relation with said light
emitting element and mounted on said second
base, at least one output lead extending
through said second base and electrically
connected to said light-detecting element, a a light propagation space defined between
said light-emitting and light-detecting ele
ments, a casing which encloses said light
emitting and light-detecting elements, and a
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (10)
1 may be incident into the light detecting
element 2.
With the above constructions of optoelectronic couplers in accordance with the present invention, the light emitted from the light emitting element 1 is subjected to diffuse reflection by the highly reflective isolation wall 7 and is transmitted through the transparent material 5, constituting the space of light path, and as a result is for the most part incident into the light detecting element 2. Consequently, the conversion efficiency, that is, the ratio of the input to the output, may be considerably improved to almost twice as compared with the prior art couplers. In case of the optoelectronic couplers which may have a conversion efficiency within a predetermined range, the conversion efficiency is almost independent of the light propagation path, that is, the configuration and length of the propagation path. Therefore they may be fabricated with a lesser degree of accuracy so that the production steps may be much facilitated and consequently the rejection ratio may be decreased by about 20 % as compared with the prior art.
Each illustrated embodiment of the present invention is an optoelectronic coupler which is extremely simple in construction and manufacture yet has a high conversion efficiency.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. An optoelectronic coupler comprising:
a first base, a light-emitting element mounted
on said first base, at least one input lead
extending through said first base and electric
ally connected to said light-emitting element,
a second base, a light-detecting element
disposed in opposed relation with said light
emitting element and mounted on said second
base, at least one output lead extending
through said second base and electrically
connected to said light-detecting element, a a light propagation space defined between
said light-emitting and light-detecting ele
ments, a casing which encloses said light
emitting and light-detecting elements, and a
highly reflective and highly electrically insulating isolation wall formed so as to surround said light propagation space.
2. An optoelectronic coupler according to claim 1 wherein said light propagation space is filled with material which is light-transparent as well as electrically insulating.
3. An optoelectronic coupler according to claim 1 wherein said light-emitting and lightdetecting elements are embedded and securely held in position in said casing.
4. An optoelectronic coupler according to claim 1 wherein said casing is cylindrical and metallic, said first and second bases are fitted into and securely held in said cylindrical casing in such a way that said light-emitting and light-detecting elements are in opposed relation; and said isolation wall is formed over the inner wall of said cylindrical casing.
5. An optoelectronic coupler according to claim 1 wherein said light-emitting and lightdetecting elements are each covered with means for increasing the light transmission efficiency between said light-emitting element and said light-deteoting element.
6. The optoelectronic coupler according to claim 5 wherein said means comprise two convergent lenses of light-transparent as well as highly electrically insulating material, one lens covers said light-emitting element and the other lens covers said light-detecting element, so as to oppose each other.
7. An optoelectronic coupler according to claim 5 wherein said casing is formed as a ceramic tube, said isolation wall is formed over the inner wall surface of said tube, and said first and second bases with said lightemitting and light-detecting elements mounted thereon, respectively, are fitted into and securely held in said ceramic tube in such a way that said light-emitting and lightdetecting elements are disposed in opposed relation.
8. An optoelectronic coupler according to claim 1 wherein two input leads extend through said first base and are electrically connected to said light-emitting element and two output leads extend through said second base and are electrically connected to said light-detecting element.
9. An optoelectronic coupler accordingto claim 7 wherein two input leads extend through said first base and are electrically connected to said light-emitting element and two output leads extend through said second base and are electrically connected to said light-detecting element.
10. An optoelectronic coupler, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5188176A GB1564937A (en) | 1976-12-13 | 1976-12-13 | Optoelectronic coupler |
| MY8100311A MY8100311A (en) | 1976-12-13 | 1981-12-31 | Optoelectronic coupler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5188176A GB1564937A (en) | 1976-12-13 | 1976-12-13 | Optoelectronic coupler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1564937A true GB1564937A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
Family
ID=10461770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5188176A Expired GB1564937A (en) | 1976-12-13 | 1976-12-13 | Optoelectronic coupler |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1564937A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY8100311A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2158641A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-13 | Telefunken Electronic Gmbh | Optoelectronic coupling element |
| EP0399703A2 (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1990-11-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | High voltage optical isolator |
| DE102011078981B4 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2020-01-02 | Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited | An opto-isolator that uses a non-transparent hollow tube as an optical waveguide, which extends between the transmitter and receiver modules of the opto-isolator, and methods for opto-isolation |
-
1976
- 1976-12-13 GB GB5188176A patent/GB1564937A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-12-31 MY MY8100311A patent/MY8100311A/en unknown
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2158641A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-13 | Telefunken Electronic Gmbh | Optoelectronic coupling element |
| FR2564266A1 (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-15 | Telefunken Electronic Gmbh | PHOTOCOUPLER |
| EP0399703A2 (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1990-11-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | High voltage optical isolator |
| EP0399703A3 (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1990-12-05 | Hewlett-Packard Company | High voltage optical isolator |
| DE102011078981B4 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2020-01-02 | Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited | An opto-isolator that uses a non-transparent hollow tube as an optical waveguide, which extends between the transmitter and receiver modules of the opto-isolator, and methods for opto-isolation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY8100311A (en) | 1981-12-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| 746 | Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |